Research of Influence of Potassium-rich Diets on the Physical Performance of Students

The aim of the work is the scientific substantiation and experimental support of the expedience and use of potassium-cationic water for improving the bread quality and the study of the influence of potassium-rich diets on the physical performance of students. There was studied the influence of potassium cations on the activity of proteolytic enzymes of wheat flour. It was established, that at using potassium-cationic water, the output of wet gluten (35,1 %) essentially increases, at that the output of dry one (8,4 %) decreases to the same extent that is a positive factor in the bakery technology. It was proved that enriching the vital medium of bakery yeast by potassium cations essentially activates their ability to hydrolysis of maltose that favors activation of the process of gassing (Maltase activity – 35,1 min). The process of gassing influences the speed of dough-conduction and ready bread quality, especially volume (357,7, 100 g/ml), porosity (79,1 %) and crumb ability to compression (33,5 c.u.). It was established, that consumption of bread, produced on potassium-cationic water, favors the strengthening of the heart muscle tone, improvement of the general condition of the organism, especially, physical endurance and performance

Investigation of the Application of a New Method of Extraction Intensification of Pectin Substances From a Beet Pulp

The aim of research is studying a new method for intensifying extraction of pectin substances during acid extraction of pectin-containing raw materials. The description of the experimental setup and the procedure for processing the results of the investigation of the application of a new method for intensifying the beet pulp extraction are described. The results of experimental studies on the application of a new combined mixing element for intensifying the extraction of pectin-containing raw materials (beet pulp) and its effect on quantitative and qualitative output characteristics are presented. Mathematical models are constructed on the basis of regression equations of the full factorial experiment with the use of a new method of intensifying the extraction process to select input technological parameters for the extraction of pectin substances from pectin-containing raw materials. The rational operating parameters of the process of extraction of pectin substances with the use of a new combinable stirring element are determined. Such working parameters are: the process duration is 1 ... 1.1, the temperature of the working medium is 60 ... 70 ºС, and the hydromodule is 8 ... 10. The research results can be used to study other technological parameters of the extraction process of pectin substances, as well as to develop a technological line for the production of pectin products

Interaction of microplastics and terrestrial and aquatic insects (bioaccumulation, degradation, ecotoxicological effects)

World production of convenient and durable materials made of synthetic plastics during the last 70 years caused the dispersal of microplastic particles in the environment. Microplastic pollution is the focus of interest worldwide due to its global distribution and adverse effects on living organisms. The largest number of studies addressing this issue explored the aquatic environment, yet terrestrial ecosystems also suffer from microplastic pollution. Insects are crucial for most terrestrial ecosystems. Few can compete with them in biomass productivity and species diversity, which makes them targets for studying the toxic bioaccumulation. This review article presents a systematic analysis of data on bioaccumulation, degradation of microplastics by aquatic and terrestrial entomofauna, and its ecotoxicological effects

The role of the leader in sports team

В статье рассматривается роль лидера в спортивной команде. Представлены результаты изучения теории лидерства в обществе, проанализированы основные функции лидера, стили и его роль в спортивной команде. Рассматриваются особенности спортивной команды как одного из видов малой социальной группыIn article the role of the leader in a team is considered. Results of studying of the theory of leadership in society are presented, the main functions of the leader, styles and his role in a team are analysed. Features of a team as one of types of small social group are considere

Pedagogical artistry as a professional feature

The relevance of the research problem due to the fact that a creative person becomes popular with society at all stages of its development, as the global and numerous changes in the social life occurring within a short period of time, we strongly require the presence of qualities that enable creatively, responsibly and productively to solve rising tasks. The article leads to study the problems of creativity and pedagogical artistry as a professional competence of a higher school teacher. The leading methods to the study of this problem is a psycho-diagnostic method and a method of mathematical statistics (correlation analysis Pearson). In the result of the study obtained significant relationship between different measures of the high school teachers' pedagogical artistry. The article can be useful for psychologists and teachers when qualification working with students of pedagogical educational institutions and courses of teachers qualification improvement. © Authors

Direct Observation of Single Amyloid-β(1-40) Oligomers on Live Cells: Binding and Growth at Physiological Concentrations

Understanding how amyloid-β peptide interacts with living cells on a molecular level is critical to development of targeted treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Evidence that oligomeric Aβ interacts with neuronal cell membranes has been provided, but the mechanism by which membrane binding occurs and the exact stoichiometry of the neurotoxic aggregates remain elusive. Physiologically relevant experimentation is hindered by the high Aβ concentrations required for most biochemical analyses, the metastable nature of Aβ aggregates, and the complex variety of Aβ species present under physiological conditions. Here we use single molecule microscopy to overcome these challenges, presenting direct optical evidence that small Aβ(1-40) oligomers bind to living neuroblastoma cells at physiological Aβ concentrations. Single particle fluorescence intensity measurements indicate that cell-bound Aβ species range in size from monomers to hexamers and greater, with the majority of bound oligomers falling in the dimer-to-tetramer range. Furthermore, while low-molecular weight oligomeric species do form in solution, the membrane-bound oligomer size distribution is shifted towards larger aggregates, indicating either that bound Aβ oligomers can rapidly increase in size or that these oligomers cluster at specific sites on the membrane. Calcium indicator studies demonstrate that small oligomer binding at physiological concentrations induces only mild, sporadic calcium leakage. These findings support the hypothesis that small oligomers are the primary Aβ species that interact with neurons at physiological concentrations

КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ВЕТРЯНОЙ ОСПЫ У ВЗРОСЛЫХ В ПРИМОРСКОМ КРАЕ

Objective: to establish clinical and epidemiological patterns of chickenpox in adults in the Primorsky Territory to improve treatment and prevention work. Materials and methods: The study used statistics on the incidence of chicken pox in the Primorsky Territory from 2009 to 2017 and demographic data on the population for the specified period. A clinical characteristic of 102 cases of varicella in patients hospitalized in the infectious disease ward of Primorsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 (Vladivostok) in 2015-2017 is given. Results: From 2009 to 2017, the incidence of chickenpox in the Primorsky Territory was consistently high, with an average of 636.2 per 100,000 population. Analysis of the structure of patients showed that the maximum proportion of cases of chicken pox occur in organized children 3-6 years old (55.9%), schoolchildren (19.1%) and children 1–2 years old (11.6%). The proportion of 15–17 year olds was 3.0%. Adults, from 18 years old – 4.9%. The proportion of unorganized children 3–6 years old (2.9%) and children in the first year of life (2.6%) is not high. High risk of infection was detected in Vladivostok (57.8 per 100.000), Yakovlevsky (52.1% ooo), Olginsky (45.9% ooo), Lazovsky (42.8% ooo) and Shkotovsky (40, 2% ooo) areas. In the annual dynamics, a pronounced spring-summer seasonal rise was formed. The clinical course of varicella in the group of adults was characterized by an average duration of the initial period of the disease of 1.4 ± 0.7 days. For clinical diagnosis, an important time was the appearance of the rash, which varied within four days. The phenomenon of “spillage” was noted in 97% of patients. The rash was polymorphic, with the formation of crusts. The period of height was characterized by the presence of catarrhal manifestations. The granularity of the posterior pharyngeal wall was observed in all patients without exception. In 84.3% of patients there was a bright hyperemia of the pharynx. In 14.7% of cases, enantema was detected on the soft palate, palatine arches, and posterior pharyngeal wall. Dry cough was detected in 28 of 103 patients, which probably increased their epidemiological significance. Findings: The clinical picture of varicella was typical and was represented by a combination of intoxication, exanthema, and catarrhal syndrome. The epidemic process of varicella in adults in Primorsky Krai was characterized by relative autonomy of manifestations in adults, children up to one year old, and unorganized children. When implementing chickenpox epidemiological surveillance, priority should be given to interventions in epidemic foci.Цель: установление клинических и эпидемиологических закономерностей ветряной оспы у взрослых в Приморском крае для совершенствования лечебной и профилактической работы. Материалы и методы: в исследовании использованы статистические данные по заболеваемости ветряной оспой в Приморском крае с 2009 по 2017 г. и демографические данные по численности населения за указанный период. Дана клиническая характеристика 102 случаев ветряной оспы у пациентов, госпитализированных в инфекционное отделение Приморской краевой клинической больницы №2 (г. Владивосток) в 2015–2017 гг. Результаты: с 2009 по 2017 г. заболеваемость ветряной оспой в Приморском крае была стабильно высокой, со средним уровнем 636,2 на 100 000 населения. Анализ структуры больных показал, что максимальная доля случаев ветряной оспы приходится на организованных детей 3–6 лет (55,9%), школьников (19,1%) и детей 1–2 лет (11,6%). Доля лиц 15–17 лет составила 3,0%; взрослых (с 18 лет) – 4,9%. Невысока доля неорганизованных детей 3–6 лет (2,9%) и детей первого года жизни (2,6%). К территориям риска по заболеваемости ветряной оспой взрослых были отнесены Владивосток (57,8 на 100,000), Яковлевский (52,1%ooo), Ольгинский (45,9%ooo), Лазовский (42,8%ooo) и Шкотовский (40,2%ooo) районы. В годовой динамике формировался ярко выраженный весенне-летний сезонный подъем. Клиническое течение ветряной оспы в группе взрослых лиц характеризовалось средней продолжительностью начального периода болезни 1,4±0,7 дня. Для клинической диагностики важным являлось время появления сыпи, варьировавшее в пределах 4 суток. Феномен «подсыпания» был отмечен у 97% больных. Сыпь была полиморфной, с образованием корочек. Период разгара характеризовался наличием катаральных проявлений. Зернистость задней стенки глотки наблюдалась у всех без исключения пациентов. У 84,3% больных отмечалась яркая гиперемия зева. В 14,7% случаев выявлена энантема на мягком небе, небных дужках, задней стенке глотки. Сухой кашель выявлен у 28 из 102 больных, что, вероятно, увеличивало их эпидемиологическую значимость.Выводы: клиническая картина ветряной оспы была типичной и представлена сочетанием интоксикационного, экзантемного и катарального синдрома. Эпидемический процесс ветряной оспы у взрослых в Приморском крае характеризовался относительной автономностью проявлений у взрослых, детей до 1 года и неорганизованных детей. При осуществлении эпидемического надзора за ветряной оспой следует отдавать приоритет мероприятиям в эпидемических очагах