van der Woude syndrome- a syndromic form of orofacial clefting

van der Woude Syndrome is the most common form of syndromic orofacial clefting, accounting for 2% of all cases, and has the phenotype that most closely resembles the more common non-syndromic forms. The syndrome has an autosomal dominant hereditary pattern with variable expressivity and a high degree of penetrance with cardinal clinical features of lip pits with a cleft lip, cleft palate, or both. This case report describes van der Woude syndrome in a 19 year old male patient with a specifi c reference to the various aspects of this condition, as clinical appearance, etiological factors (genetic aspects), differential diagnosis, investigative procedures and management

High-resolution transcriptome and genome-wide dynamics of RNA polymerase and NusA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

To construct a regulatory map of the genome of the human pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we applied two complementary high-resolution approaches: strand-specific RNA-seq, to survey the global transcriptome, and ChIP-seq, to monitor the genome-wide dynamics of RNA polymerase (RNAP) and the anti-terminator NusA. Although NusA does not bind directly to DNA, but rather to RNAP and/or to the nascent transcript, we demonstrate that NusA interacts with RNAP ubiquitously throughout the chromosome, and that its profile mirrors RNAP distribution in both the exponential and stationary phases of growth. Generally, promoter-proximal peaks for RNAP and NusA were observed, followed by a decrease in signal strength reflecting transcriptional polarity. Differential binding of RNAP and NusA in the two growth conditions correlated with transcriptional activity as reflected by RNA abundance. Indeed, a significant association between expression levels and the presence of NusA throughout the gene body was detected, confirming the peculiar transcription-promoting role of NusA. Integration of the data sets pinpointed transcriptional units, mapped promoters and uncovered new anti-sense and non-coding transcripts. Highly expressed transcriptional units were situated mainly on the leading strand, despite the relatively unbiased distribution of genes throughout the genome, thus helping the replicative and transcriptional complexes to alig

Accumulation Pattern of Heavy Metals in Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robins. Grown in Nutrient Solution and Soil

Accumulation pattern of Al, Cd, Fe, Hg, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in Chromolaena odorata plants grown in Hoagland nutrient solution and soil contaminated with known quantities of the above said metals was investigated. Significant variations in the quantity of accumulation as well as distribution among plant parts like root, stem and leaf were shown between the metals. Accumulation of Pb was maximum in the root followed by Fe and Al. Maximum quantity of each metal was accumulated in the root as compared to stem and leaf. Drastic differences in the accumulation pattern of metals between the nutrient solution and soil culture was observed. Comparatively small quantity of metal was accumulated in the plants of soil despite several fold quantity of each metal was given. The results are discussed in terms of BCF, TF, metal specificity as well as detoxification mechanisms

Laxative Property of Safoof-E-Sana, a Unani Formulation

An investigation was carried out to study the laxative property of aqueous extract Safoof-ESana in the unani formulation. Aqueous extract of Safoof-E-Sana was evaluated for laxative property and was measured by weighing the fecal out at 8th and 16th hour of drug administration. Safoof-E-Sana at 50, and 100 mg/kg showed dose dependent laxative effect. The results are compared with standard Senna. Safoof-E-Sana was showed significant laxative activity

On the Rotating Charged Black String Solution

A rotating charged black string solution in the low energy effective field theory describing five dimensional heterotic string theory is constructed. The solution is labelled by mass, electric charge, axion charge and angular momentum per unit length. The extremal limit of this solution is also studied.Comment: 12 pages, IMSC-93/6,(Phyzzx macro), January 199

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN LEAVES OF SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA (L.) PERS.

Objective: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidants present in Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. belongs to the family Fabaceae.Methods: Fresh samples were used for the analysis of antioxidants such as total phenol, carotenoids, Vitamin-A, Vitamin-C, Vitamin-E, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase by standard estimation methods.Results: Present studies revealed that this wild leafy plant has numerous antioxidant factors that destroying the free radicals that damage the cells.Conclusion: S. grandiflora contain many enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and could be a good source of dietary antioxidants which play an important role in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress

Moduli and (un)attractor black hole thermodynamics

We investigate four-dimensional spherically symmetric black hole solutions in gravity theories with massless, neutral scalars non-minimally coupled to gauge fields. In the non-extremal case, we explicitly show that, under the variation of the moduli, the scalar charges appear in the first law of black hole thermodynamics. In the extremal limit, the near horizon geometry is $AdS_2\times S^2$ and the entropy does not depend on the values of moduli at infinity. We discuss the attractor behaviour by using Sen's entropy function formalism as well as the effective potential approach and their relation with the results previously obtained through special geometry method. We also argue that the attractor mechanism is at the basis of the matching between the microscopic and macroscopic entropies for the extremal non-BPS Kaluza-Klein black hole.Comment: 36 pages, no figures, V2: minor changes, misprints corrected, expanded references; V3: sections 4.3 and 4.5 added; V4: minor changes, matches the published versio

Study of risk factors, clinical profile, and outcome in meconium-stained deliveries

Background: The presence of meconium in amniotic fluid is a serious sign of fetal distress which leads to an increase in neonatal mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to study the risk factors, clinical profile, and outcome of babies born through meconium-stained fluid. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted during the period from February 2018 to October 2018 at neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital. All live babies delivered through meconium-stained liquor were included in this study. Routine investigations such as complete blood count and C-reactive protein were done in all the patients. All the variables were analyzed with the help of the Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: A total of 606 meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) babies were included in the study. Most of the MSAF babies were term, appropriate for gestational age babies. The number of babies delivered through the lower segment cesarean section was 61.7%. Fetal distress was present in 23.2% of the cases. Otherwise, the most common risk factor associated with MSAF was pre-eclampsia (5.9%). A total of 58.2% of babies developed respiratory distress after birth; other morbidities associated were convulsion, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, sepsis, shock, hypoglycemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. In the present study, total mortality in MSAF babies was 12%. Babies who expired had severe meconium aspiration syndrome. Duration of hospital stay was <7 days in 83.9% of the neonates, of which 14% expired and 85% were discharged. All the mortalities in our study except one occurred within 7 days of life. Conclusion: MSAF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in neonates. Mortality was more in non-vigorous babies and in those who developed severe meconium aspiration syndrome and pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Other morbidities did not have a strong association with MSAF

Drug utilization pattern in geriatric inpatients of medicine department in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: The objective of present study was to assess the drug utilization pattern among the geriatric patients.Methods: Totally, 150 prescriptions of patients’ ≥65 years admitted in the medicine inpatient department of MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Hoskote were noted from September 2013 to March 2014 and demographic profile, drug utilization pattern, commonly used drugs as per anatomical therapeutic chemical classification (ATC) and WHO core indicators were assessed after taking informed consent from the patients.Results: Out of 150 patients, average age of geriatric patients was 66.83 years with female preponderance (59%). Maximum number of patients were having respiratory disorders (66.67%) followed by diabetes mellitus (35.3%), and cardiovascular diseases (32.67%). 76% patients had co-morbid diseases like diabetes mellitus (n=53), hypertension (n=49), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=41). A total of 849 drug formulations, containing 1050 active ingredients, were prescribed with average number of 7 (1050/150) drugs per prescription. Only 70 formulations were prescribed by their generic names, which is less than that prescribed by their brand names 779 and total of 146 (17.19%) drugs were prescribed as fixed dose combinations. Only 45.47% drugs were according to WHO Essential Medicines List. Drugs acting on respiratory system (n=189) were the most commonly used drugs in our study followed by drugs acting on the gastrointestinal system (n=130), antimicrobials (n=113), cardiovascular system (n=112), endocrine (n=83), and nutritional supplements (n=72). Polypharmacy was prevalent in 62% and about 22.67% of patients received <5 drugs. Pantoprazole was most frequently prescribed drug followed by aspirin 75 mg, adrenergic, and anticholinergic bronchodilators.Conclusion: Thus, irrational prescribing and polypharmacy were prevalent among elderly. Drug utilization data can help in assessing the quality of care given to the geriatric patients and promote rational use of medicines