The 5C 6 and 5C 7 surveys of radio sources

5C 6 and 5C 7 continue the series of deep surveys made at 408 and 1407 MHz with the One-Mile telescope at Cambridge. They were intended (1) to provide a sample of faint radio sources suitable for further study; (2) to improve the statistics of source counts N(S) and spectral-index distributions at low flux densities; (3) to study the isotropy of the distribution of faint sources. Each observed field is about 4° in diameter at 408 MHz and 1° in diameter at 1407 MHz, and the field-centres are a α = 02ʰ14ᵐ, δ = 32° (5C 6) and α = 08ᵏ17ᵐ, δ = 27° (5C 7). The synthesized beamwidths (FWHM) are 80 arcsec (408 MHz) and 23 arcsec (1407 MHz). The techniques of observation and data-analysis followed closely those used for 5C 5 (Pearson, T. J., 1975. Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 171, 475), with some minor variations which are noted in Section 2

Training or Improvisation? Citizen journalists and their educational backgrounds-a comparative view

While citizen journalists hope to bring new impulses to mass media performance, it is often asked whether they are adequately trained for the production of “newsworthy” stories. This paper focuses on educational aspects of citizen journalism, which, to date, have largely been disregarded by empirical research. A comparative analytical design illustrates the different ways in which citizen journalists acquire and develop the skills that are necessary to undertake journalistic activities in the different journalism cultures throughout Europe. The authors carried out a multi-national analysis in six European countries (United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, and Poland). In each country, an extensive desk study helped to map the field of citizen journalism and highlight the most relevant examples. Semi-structured interviews with 54 practitioners in the field (representing different types of citizen journalism) made it possible to identify the alternative strategies that citizen journalists employ to prepare themselves for news production initiatives. The research demonstrates that the educational backgrounds of citizen journalists display differences as well as similarities—both within and across journalism cultures. While some of the actors in the field have a clear idea of what constitutes good journalism (and sometimes even aspire to work in a mainstream media organization), others seem to care little about journalistic standards and have only a vague idea about the identity of the profession. On the basis of these insights, the paper develops a typology of citizen journalists that takes into account both their education and their journalistic scope

Ground state potential energy surfaces and bound states of M-He dimers (M=Cu,Ag,Au): A theoretical investigation

We present an ab initio investigation on the ground state interaction potentials [potential energy surface (PES)] between helium and the group 11 metal atoms: copper, silver, and gold. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous theoretical PESs proposed for Cu-He and Au-He, and a single one for Ag-He [Z. J. Jakubek and M. Takami, Chem. Phys. Lett. 265, 653 (1997)], computed about 10 years ago at MP2 level and significantly improved by our study. To reach a high degree of accuracy in the determination of the three M-He potentials (M=Cu,Ag,Au), we performed extensive series of test computations to establish the appropriate basis set, the theoretical method, and the computational scheme for these systems. For each M-He dimer we computed the PES at the CCSD(T) level of theory, starting from the reference unrestricted Hartree-Fock wave function. We described the inner shells with relativistic small core pseudopotentials, and we adopted high quality basis sets for the valence electrons. We also performed CCSDT computations in a limited set of M-He internuclear distances, adopting a medium-sized basis set, such as to define for each dimer a CCSD(T) to CCSDT correction term and to improve further the quality of the CCSD(T) interaction potentials. The Cu-He complex has minimum interaction energy (E(min)) of -28.4 mu hartree at the internuclear distance of 4.59 A (R(min)), and the short-range repulsive wall starts at 4.04 A (R(E=0)). Quite interestingly, the PES of Ag-He is more attractive (E(min)=-33.8 mu hartree) but presents nearly the same R(min) and R(E=0) values, 4.60 and 4.04 A, respectively. The interaction potential for Au-He is markedly deeper and shifted at shorter distances as compared to the lighter complexes, with E(min)=-69.6 mu hartree, R(min)=4.09 A and R(E=0)=3.60 A. As a first insight in the structure of M-He(n) aggregates, we determined the rovibrational structure of the three M-He dimers. The Cu-He and Ag-He potentials support just few rotational excitations, while the Au-He PES admits also a bound vibrational excitation

Educational strategies in data journalism: A comparative study of six European countries

The article explores training programs in higher education with regard to data journalism from a multi-national perspective. By carrying out a comparative analysis in six European countries (Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Italy, Poland, and the United Kingdom), it covers different models of media systems and journalistic cultures envisaged by Hallin and Mancini. Based on a desk review and in-depth interviews with instructors of data journalism in each country, the article identifies different approaches to the way data journalism is taught. In Europe, such programs are offered by four types of organizations: academic, vocational, professional, and civic. The role played by those organizations can be explained as a result of the peculiarities of national media systems. But there are also commonalities, for example, non-academic institutions (such as the European Journalism Center or the Center for Investigative Journalism) and major international news outlets (such as The Guardian and The New York Times) seem to take over a leading role in all of the analyzed countries. Generally speaking, data journalism education appears to be a very young discipline that frequently neglects fundamental journalistic topics such as ethical issues, transparency, accountability, and responsiveness although they are crucial in a journalistic field as sophisticated tools to reveal hidden aspects of reality

Pola Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Cabai Merah Keriting (Capsicum Annuum L.) Akibat Aplikasi Kalium Nitrat Pada Daerah Dataran Rendah

Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomi penting di Indonesia, sehingga budidaya cabai sangat menarik bagi petani. Permintaan produk cabai cenderung meningkat terus sehingga dapat diandalkan sebagai komoditas nonmigas. Seiring dengan permintaan yang meningkat sehingga kurangnya pasokan yang tersedia maka peningkatan luas tanam diarahkan untuk mencapai keseimbangan pasokan dan permintaan. Salah satu USAha yang dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan teknik budidaya yang baik dan benar sehingga hasil yang diperoleh optimal. Salah satu aspek yang penting dalam budidaya tanaman adalah pemupukan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pola pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah terhadap aplikasi Kalium Nitrat dan untuk mengetahui respon komponen hasil cabai terhadap pemberian Kalium Nitrat dengan konsentrasi berbeda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Sukabanjar Kecamatan Gedong Tataan Kabupaten Pesawaran dari Oktober 2011 sampai April 2012. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan acak kelompok dengan perlakuan tunggal yaitu konsentrasi KNO3 yang terdiri atas : 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 g l-1, dengan 3 kali ulangan. Seluruh data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam. Homogenitas ragam diuji dengan uji Bartlett sedangkan aditivitas diuji dengan uji Tukey. Analisis data dilanjutkan dengan uji polinomial ortogonal pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada pola pertumbuhan vegetatif untuk variabel tinggi tanaman dan tingkat percabangan aplikasi kalium nitrat pada berbagai taraf konsentrasi yaitu : 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 g l-1 tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata dan pada pemberian kalium nitrat dengan konsentrasi 4, 6, 8 g l-1 meningkatkan jumlah bunga di tanaman cabai. Peningkatan jumlah buah tertinggi terdapat pada aplikasi kalium nitrat dengan konsentrasi 8 g l-1, sedangkan pada bobot buah total tertinggi terjadi pada konsentrasi 6 g l-1

Peningkatan Kreativitas Dan Prestasi Belajar Pada Materi Minyak Bumi Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (Pbl) Dengan Media Crossword

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreativitas dan prestasi belajar pada materi minyak bumi dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan media crossword. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, dengan tiap siklus terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X6 SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta yang berjumlah 35 siswa. Sumber data berasal dari guru siswa, dokumen, serta peristiwa. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan tes, observasi, kajian dokumen dan angket. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan media crossword, dapat meningkatkan kreativitas siswa (dari 53,27% pada siklus I menjadi 64,49% pada siklus II) dan dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa (pencapaian prestasi kognitif siswa siklus I sebesar 51,64% meningkat menjadi 81,69% pada siklus II. Pada aspek afektif, pencapaian siklus I sebesar 67,29% meningkat menjadi 77,20%). Dalam penelitian ini kreativitas diukur menggunakan tes kreativitas verbal sedangkan prestasi belajar yang diukur adalah prestasi kognitif dan afektif

The nuclear jets in 3C309.1 & 3C380

8 station VLBI maps of the nuclear jets in 3C309.1 and 3C380 reveal complex, bent, structures which seem hard to reconcile with the concept of ballistic outflow. Together with the observation of “flaring” in the MERLIN/EVN map of the 3C309.1 jet the maps point strongly to the jets being confined fluid flows

Direct creation of micro-domains with positive and negative surface potential on hydroxyapatite coatings

A method for the direct patterning of electrostatic potential at the surface of hydroxyapatite is presented here. Micro-domains of surface potential have been created on hydroxyapatite coatings by a 20 keV focused electron beam with minimal alterations of surface chemistry. The success of such approach has been confirmed by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy measurements, which show that this method is capable of creating micron sized positive and negative local electrostatic potential. The shape and potential difference of these domains were found to depend on the dose of total injected charge from the electron beam as well as the speed with which such charge is injected.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

Studies of resistance switching effects in metal/YBa2Cu3O7-x interface junctions

Current-voltage characteristics of planar junctions formed by an epitaxial c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7-x thin film micro-bridge and Ag counter-electrode were measured in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 300 K. A hysteretic behavior related to switching of the junction resistance from a high-resistive to a low-resistive state and vice-versa was observed and analyzed in terms of the maximal current bias and temperature dependence. The same effects were observed on a sub-micrometer scale YBa2Cu3O7-x thin film - PtIr point contact junctions using Scanning Tunneling Microscope. These phenomena are discussed within a diffusion model, describing an oxygen vacancy drift in YBa2Cu3O7-x films in the nano-scale vicinity of the junction interface under applied electrical fields.Comment: To be published in Applied Surface Science