Student-centered instruction and its effects on mathematics engagement by race

This study aimed to improve knowledge about the efficacy of student-centered instruction in mathematics and specifically examine relevant racial differences in its efficacy. In particular, the study tested student-centered instruction’s effects on four dimensions of mathematics engagement: behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and social. This was done using a multilevel path analysis that included a racial interaction variables as well as other control variables. The sample of the study was taken from Western Pennsylvania and is made up of 3883 6th through 12th graders. The study determined there was a positive relationship between student-centered instruction for all four measures of mathematics engagement. Black students appeared to benefit less from student-centered instruction than white students on all four measures of engagement, but those of low socioeconomic status seemed to benefit more from student-centered instruction on three of the dimensions. The implication that there is a racial difference in the effect of student-centered instruction should be investigated further

Generic dijet soft functions at two-loop order: correlated emissions

We present a systematic algorithm for the perturbative computation of soft functions that are defined in terms of two light-like Wilson lines. Our method is based on a universal parametrisation of the phase-space integrals, which we use to isolate the singularities in Laplace space. The observable-dependent integrations can then be performed numerically, and they are implemented in the new, publicly available package SoftSERVE that we use to derive all of our numerical results. Our algorithm applies to both SCET-1 and SCET-2 soft functions, and in the current version it can be used to compute two out of three NNLO colour structures associated with the so-called correlated-emission contribution. We confirm existing two-loop results for about a dozen $e^+e^-$ and hadron-collider soft functions, and we obtain new predictions for the C-parameter as well as thrust-axis and broadening-axis angularities.Comment: 58 pages, 8 figures, associated package can be found at https://softserve.hepforge.org/. Minor revisio

Partisan cycles and the consumption volatility puzzle

Standard real business cycle theory predicts that consumption should be smoother than output, as observed in developed countries. In emerging economies, however, consumption is more volatile than income. In this paper the authors provide a novel explanation of this phenomenon, the ‘consumption volatility puzzle,’ based on political frictions. They develop a dynamic stochastic political economy model where parties that disagree on the size of government (right-wing and left-wing) alternate in power and face aggregate uncertainty. While productivity shocks affect only consumption through responses to output, political shocks (switches in political ideology) change the composition between private and public consumption for a given output size via changes in the level of taxes. Since emerging economies are characterized by less stable governments and more polarized societies, the effects of political shocks are more pronounced. For a reasonable set of parameters the authors confirm the empirical relationship between political polarization and the ratio of consumption volatility to output volatility across countries.Business cycles ; Developing countries

Grafting, budding, and early care of fruit trees

Cover title

Pruning stone fruits : peaches, cherries, and plums

Caption title.Digitized 2006 AES MoU

Home orchard income

Cover title

Missouri strawberries

Cover title