The Effects of Overseas Investment on Domestic Employment

In this paper, we study the effects of FDI on domestic employment by examining the data of Taiwan's manufacturing industry. Treating domestic production and overseas production as two distinctive outputs from a joint production function, we may estimate the effect of overseas production on the demand for domestic labor. We found that overseas production generally reduces the demand for domestic labor as overseas products serve as a substitute for primary inputs in domestic production (substitution effect). But overseas production also allows the investor to expand its domestic output through enhanced competitiveness. The expanded domestic output leads to more employment at home (output effect). The net effect of FDI on domestic employment is a combination of substitution and output effects. For Taiwan, the net effect is positive in most cases but it differs across the labor group. Technical workers tend to benefit most from FDI, followed by managerial workers, and blue-collar workers benefit the least; indeed they may even be adversely affected. This suggests that after FDI, a reconfiguration of division of labor within a firm tend to shift the domestic production toward technology and management intensive operations.

Penyebab Kemiskinan Rumah Tangga Nelayan di Wilayah Tangkap Lebih Jawa Timur

Anas TainStaf Pengajar Jurusan Agrobisnis, Fakultas Pertanian Peternakan, Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat Korespondensi : Joyo grand Q7 MalangEmail: [email protected] aims of this research were to find dominant factors which cause poverty among theoutboard fishermen\u27s households who lives in the overfishing areas of East Java. The results of thisresearch reveals that 61.79 percents of fishermen\u27s households have other sources of income besidefishing. Fishermen\u27s households with per capita income under poverty line were 61.79 percents.There were 15 dominant factors causing poverty in fishermen\u27s households, consisted of: (1) aninstitutional which inflicts a loss, (2) a program which doesn\u27t take sides with traditional fishermen\u27s,(3) philosophy of life which is oriented with the beyond, (4) limit of resources, (5) unsuitablecatching tools, (6) low investment, (7) debt, (8) wasteful habit, (9) limits of catching fish period,(10) ecosystem damage, (11) occupancy of catching areas, (12) upholding the fragile law, (13) acompetition to make a fishermen more superior than the others, (14) illegal tools/materials, (15)catching behavior. Poverty that bound fishermen\u27s households was multidimensional includedstructural and cultural poverty. In the programs to eradicate poverty, institutional factor was thefirst and main factor to be arranged.Key words: poverty, multidimensional, overfishing

Penyebab Kemiskinan Rumah Tangga Nelayan Di Wilayah Tangkap Lebih Jawa Timur

Anas TainStaf Pengajar Jurusan Agrobisnis, Fakultas Pertanian Peternakan, Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat Korespondensi : Joyo grand Q7 MalangEmail: [email protected] aims of this research were to find dominant factors which cause poverty among theoutboard fishermen's households who lives in the overfishing areas of East Java. The results of thisresearch reveals that 61.79 percents of fishermen's households have other sources of income besidefishing. Fishermen's households with per capita income under poverty line were 61.79 percents.There were 15 dominant factors causing poverty in fishermen's households, consisted of: (1) aninstitutional which inflicts a loss, (2) a program which doesn't take sides with traditional fishermen's,(3) philosophy of life which is oriented with the beyond, (4) limit of resources, (5) unsuitablecatching tools, (6) low investment, (7) debt, (8) wasteful habit, (9) limits of catching fish period,(10) ecosystem damage, (11) occupancy of catching areas, (12) upholding the fragile law, (13) acompetition to make a fishermen more superior than the others, (14) illegal tools/materials, (15)catching behavior. Poverty that bound fishermen's households was multidimensional includedstructural and cultural poverty. In the programs to eradicate poverty, institutional factor was thefirst and main factor to be arranged.Key words: poverty, multidimensional, overfishing

Desain Mesin Pemotong Rumput Menggunakan Motor Listrik Ac 100 Watt

Penelitian ini bertujuanmerancang mesin pemotong rumput dengan menggunakan motor listrik 100 watt dan mengetahui ketahanan energi pada akumulator. Desain mesin pemotong rumput menggunakan energi listrik dari PLN yang disimpan dalam akumulator 12 volt 10 Ah dengan battery charger untuk pengisiannya. Energi listrik tersebut akan digunakan sebagai sumber listrik pada saat mesin berfungsi sebagai penggerak motor AC 220 volt 100 watt. Inverter berkapasitas 200 watt sebagai pengubah tegangan DC 12 volt ke AC 220 volt. Untuk mengatur putaran, menggunakan pengatur kecepatan motor. Hasil pengujian berdasarkan pengatur kecepatan tanpa beban pada motor, posisi potensio minimal, tegangan pada motor 30 volt motor tidak dapat berputar. Posisi potensio ½ , tegangan pada motor 110 volt dan motor berputar 3025 Rpm dengan arus pada motor 0.15 ampere, akumulator tahan selama 202 menit. Posisi potensio ¾ tegangan pada motor 165 volt berputar 4537 Rpm dengan arus pada motor 0.2 ampere, akumulator bertahan selama 153 menit. Posisi potensio maksimal tegangan pada motor 220 volt berputar 6051 Rpm dengan arus pada motor 0.3 ampere, akumulator bertahan selama 100 menit. Sedangkan menggunakan beban (rumput), Posisi potensio minimal dan posisi potensio ½ motor tidak dapat berputar. Posisi potensio ¾ motor berputar 3615 Rpm dengan arus pada motor 0,35 amper ,akumulator bertahan selama 85 menit. Posisi potensio maksimal motor berputar 5020 Rpm dengan arus pada motor 0.45, akumulator bertahan 68 menit. Ketahanan energi pada akumulator tersebut berdasarkan indikator alarm yang mendeteksi pada saat low battery (10.4 – 11 volt)