The Impact of Stressful Life Events on Excessive Alcohol Consumption in the French Population: Findings from the GAZEL Cohort Study

Background: Major life changes may play a causative role in health through lifestyle factors, such as alcohol. The objective was to examine the impact of stressful life events on heavy alcohol consumption among French adults. Methods: Trajectories of excessive alcohol consumption in 20,625 employees of the French national gas and electricity company for up to 5 years before and 5 years after an event, with annual measurements from 1992. We used repeated measures analysis of time series data indexed to events, employing generalized estimating equations. Results: For women, excessive alcohol use increased before important purchase (p = 0.021), children leaving home (p<0.001), and death of loved ones (p = 0.03), and decreased before widowhood (p = 0.015); in the year straddling the event, increased consumption was observed for important purchase (p = 0.018) and retirement (p = 0.002); at the time of the event, consumption decreased for marriage (p = 0.002), divorce, widowhood, and death of loved one (all p<0.001), and increased for retirement (p = 0.035). For men, heavy alcohol consumption increased in the years up to and surrounding the death of loved ones, retirement, and important purchase (all p<0.001), and decreased after (all p<0.001, except death of loved one: p = 0.006); at the time of the event, consumption decreased for all events except for children leaving home and retirement, where we observed an increase (all p<0.001). For women and men, heavy alcohol consumption decreased prior to marriage and divorce and increased after (all p<0.001, except for women and marriage: p = 0.01). Conclusion: Stressful life events promote healthy and unhealthy alcohol consumption. Certain events impact alcohol intake temporarily while others have longer-term implications. Research should disentangle women's and men's distinct perceptions of events over time

Associations between fruit and vegetable intake, leisure-time physical activity, sitting time and self-rated health among older adults : cross-sectional data from the WELL study

BackgroundLifestyle behaviours, such as healthy diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, are key elements of healthy ageing and important modifiable risk factors in the prevention of chronic diseases. Little is known about the relationship between these behaviours in older adults. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between fruit and vegetable (F&amp;V) intake, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and sitting time (ST), and their association with self-rated health in older adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study comprised 3,644 older adults (48% men) aged 55-65 years, who participated in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (&quot;WELL&quot;) study. Respondents completed a postal survey about their health and their eating and physical activity behaviours in 2010 (38% response rate). Spearman\u27s coefficient (rho) was used to evaluate the relationship between F&amp;V intake, LTPA and ST. Their individual and shared associations with self-rated health were examined using ordinal logistic regression models, stratified by sex and adjusted for confounders (BMI, smoking, long-term illness and socio-demographic characteristics).ResultsThe correlations between F&amp;V intake, LTPA and ST were low. F&amp;V intake and LTPA were positively associated with self-rated health. Each additional serving of F&amp;V or MET-hour of LTPA were associated with approximately 10% higher likelihood of reporting health as good or better among women and men. The association between ST and self-rated health was not significant in the multivariate analysis. A significant interaction was found (ST*F&amp;V intake). The effect of F&amp;V intake on self-rated health increased with increasing ST in women, whereas the effect decreased with increasing ST in men.ConclusionThis study contributes to the scarce literature related to lifestyle behaviours and their association with health indicators among older adults. The findings suggest that a modest increase in F&amp;V intake, or LTPA could have a marked effect on the health of older adults. Further research is needed to fully understand the correlates and determinants of lifestyle behaviours, particularly sitting time, in this age group

Geogenic and atmospheric sources for volatile organic compounds in fumarolic emissions from Mt. Etna and Vulcano Island (Sicily, Italy)

In this paper, fluid source(s) and processes controlling the chemical composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gas discharges from Mt. Etna and Vulcano Island(Sicily, Italy) were investigated. The main composition of the Etnean and Volcano gas emissions is produced by mixing, to various degrees, of magmatic and hydrothermal components. VOCs are dominated by alkanes, alkenes and aromatics, with minor, though significant, concentrations of O-, S- and Cl(F)-substituted compounds. The main mechanism for the production of alkanes is likely related to pyrolysis of organic-matterbearing sediments that interact with the ascending magmatic fluids. Alkanes are then converted to alkene and aromatic compounds via catalytic reactions (dehydrogenation and dehydroaromatization, respectively). Nevertheless, an abiogenic origin for the light hydrocarbons cannot be ruled out. Oxidative processes of hydrocarbons at relatively high temperatures and oxidizing conditions, typical of these volcanic-hydrothermal fluids, may explain the production of alcohols, esters, aldehydes, as well as O- and S-bearing heterocycles. By comparing the concentrations of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) in the fumarolic discharges with respect to those of background air, it is possible to highlight that they have a geogenic origin likely due to halogenation of both methane and alkenes. Finally, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) abundances appear to be consistent with background air, although the strong air contamination that affects the Mt. Etna fumaroles may mask a possible geogenic contribution for these compounds. On the other hand, no CFCs were detected in the Vulcano gases, which are characterized by low air contribution. Nevertheless, a geogenic source for these compounds cannot be excluded on the basis of the present data

Potential Scenarios and Hazards in the Work of the Future: a Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed and Gray Literatures

It would be useful for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers to anticipate the hazards that workers will face in the future. The focus of this study is a systematic review of published information to identify and characterize scenarios and hazards in the future of work. Eleven bibliographic databases were systematically searched for papers and reports published from 1999 to 2019 that described future of work scenarios or identified future work-related hazards. to compile a comprehensive collection of views of the future, supplemental and ad hoc searches were also performed. After screening all search records against a set of predetermined criteria, the review yielded 36 references (17 peer-reviewed, 4 gray, and 15 supplemental) containing scenarios. In these, the future of work was described along multiple conceptual axes (e.g. labor market changes, societal values, and manual versus cognitive work). Technology was identified as the primary driver of the future of work in most scenarios, and there were divergent views in the literature as to whether technology will create more or fewer jobs than it displaces. Workforce demographics, globalization, climate change, economic conditions, and urbanization were also mentioned as influential factors. Other important themes included human enhancement, social isolation, loneliness, worker monitoring, advanced manufacturing, hazardous exposures, sustainability, biotechnology, and synthetic biology. Pandemics have not been widely considered in the future of work literature, but the recent COVID-19 pandemic illustrates that was short-sighted. Pandemics may accelerate future of work trends and merit critical consideration in scenario development. Many scenarios described \u27new\u27 or \u27exacerbated\u27 psychosocial hazards of work, whereas comparatively fewer discussed physical, chemical, or biological hazards. Various preventive recommendations were identified. In particular, reducing stress associated with precarious work and its requirements of continual skill preparation and training was acknowledged as critical for protecting and promoting the health and well-being of the future workforce. In conclusion, the future of work will be comprised of diverse complex scenarios and a mosaic of old and new hazards. These findings may serve as the basis for considering how to shape the future of work

Do positive or negative experiences of social support relate to current and future health? Results from the Doetinchem Cohort Study

Cross-sectional studies have reported associations between social support and health, but prospective evidence is less conclusive. This study aims to investigate the associations of positive and negative experiences of social support with current and future lifestyle factors, biological risk factors, self-perceived health and mental health over a 10-year period

Smart data management : enabling sustainable collaboration between agriculture and tourism

In den letzten Jahren wurde die Bedeutung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Landwirtschaft und Tourismus f\ufcr den Erfolg l\ue4ndlicher Reiseziele umfassend untersucht. Am wichtigsten ist, dass die Zusammenarbeit auf verschiedenen Mediatoren, wie Know-how und Vertrauen, basiert. In diesem Zusammenhang sind die Rolle, die SDM (Smart Data Management) bei der Entwicklung des Reiseziels spielt, und die Funktion, die digitale Schnittstellen als Vehikel f\ufcr die Zusammenarbeit haben, bemerkenswert. Um eine gute Kommunikation und ein h\uf6heres Ma f an Vertrauen zu gew\ue4hrleisten, sind SDM und Schnittstellen in der Tat entscheidende Elemente. Trotz der Relevanz und Aktualit\ue4t des Themas ist die Forschung \ufcber den Einfluss von SDM auf die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Landwirtschaft und Tourismus noch begrenzt. Daher zielt diese Studie darauf ab, den Grad des Interesses und des Wissens der Beteiligten \ufcber das Potenzial von SDM in der Zusammenarbeit zu kl\ue4ren und theoretische sowie betriebswirtschaftliche Implikationen und Vorschl\ue4ge f\ufcr zuk\ufcnftige Forschung zu geben. Dies wird durch die Fokussierung auf drei Hauptanwendungsf\ue4lle erreicht, wobei die Forschung Teil eines Projektes der Universit\ue4t Innsbruck in Zusammenarbeit mit der UMIT Tirol, dem Tourismusverband Mayrhofen-Hippach und dem UaB Tirol ist. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurden eine systematische Literaturrecherche und eine qualitative Analyse auf der Grundlage von drei Fokusgruppeninterviews mit insgesamt 25 Inhabern von landwirtschaftlichen und touristischen Betrieben in der \uf6sterreichischen Destination Zillertal durchgef\ufchrt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Zusammenarbeit in der Destination auf gro fe Akzeptanz st\uf6 ft. Digitale Schnittstellen werden ben\uf6tigt, um den Nutzen der Zusammenarbeit zu erh\uf6hen und den Zeitdruck und die Entv\uf6lkerung zu reduzieren. Es zeigt sich jedoch auch, dass digitale Schnittstellen nicht ausreichen, sondern dass ein angemessenes Datenmanagement entscheidend ist, um verschiedene private und gemeinsame Ziele zu erreichen. Aus diesen und anderen Erkenntnissen wurden schlie flich theoretische und betriebswirtschaftliche Implikationen abgeleitet und dargestellt.In recent years the importance of collaboration between agriculture and tourism to guarantee the success of rural destinations was widely investigated. Most importantly collaboration bases on diverse mediators, like know-how and trust. In this regard, the role SDM (smart data man- agement) plays in developing the destination and the function digital interfaces have as a vehi- cle for collaboration are noteworthy. Indeed, to ensure good communication and higher levels of trust SDM and interfaces are crucial elements. Despite the relevance and timeliness of the topic, research on the influence of SDM on collaboration between agriculture and tourism is still limited. Hence, this study aims to clarify the level of interest and knowledge of stakeholders about the potential of SDM in collaboration and give theoretical as well as managerial implica- tions and suggestions for future research. This is accomplished by focusing on three main use cases, whereby the research is part of a project of the University of Innsbruck in collaboration with the UMIT Tirol, the tourism association Mayrhofen-Hippach and the UaB Tirol. To attain this objective, a systematic literature research and a qualitative analysis, based on three focus group interviews with a total number of 25 owners of agricultural and touristic enterprises in the Austrian destination of the Zillertal were chosen. The findings demonstrate that collabora- tion finds large acceptance in the destination. Digital interfaces are needed to enhance collabo- rative benefits and reduce time constraints and depopulation. However, it is also found that digital interfaces are not sufficient, rather a proper data management is crucial to achieve vari- ous private and mutual goals. Out of these and other findings theoretical and managerial impli- cations were finally derived and presented.Greta TamersMasterarbeit Universit\ue4t Innsbruck 202

Smart data management : enabling sustainable collaboration between agriculture and tourism

In den letzten Jahren wurde die Bedeutung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Landwirtschaft und Tourismus für den Erfolg ländlicher Reiseziele umfassend untersucht. Am wichtigsten ist, dass die Zusammenarbeit auf verschiedenen Mediatoren, wie Know-how und Vertrauen, basiert. In diesem Zusammenhang sind die Rolle, die SDM (Smart Data Management) bei der Entwicklung des Reiseziels spielt, und die Funktion, die digitale Schnittstellen als Vehikel für die Zusammenarbeit haben, bemerkenswert. Um eine gute Kommunikation und ein höheres Maß an Vertrauen zu gewährleisten, sind SDM und Schnittstellen in der Tat entscheidende Elemente. Trotz der Relevanz und Aktualität des Themas ist die Forschung über den Einfluss von SDM auf die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Landwirtschaft und Tourismus noch begrenzt. Daher zielt diese Studie darauf ab, den Grad des Interesses und des Wissens der Beteiligten über das Potenzial von SDM in der Zusammenarbeit zu klären und theoretische sowie betriebswirtschaftliche Implikationen und Vorschläge für zukünftige Forschung zu geben. Dies wird durch die Fokussierung auf drei Hauptanwendungsfälle erreicht, wobei die Forschung Teil eines Projektes der Universität Innsbruck in Zusammenarbeit mit der UMIT Tirol, dem Tourismusverband Mayrhofen-Hippach und dem UaB Tirol ist. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurden eine systematische Literaturrecherche und eine qualitative Analyse auf der Grundlage von drei Fokusgruppeninterviews mit insgesamt 25 Inhabern von landwirtschaftlichen und touristischen Betrieben in der österreichischen Destination Zillertal durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Zusammenarbeit in der Destination auf große Akzeptanz stößt. Digitale Schnittstellen werden benötigt, um den Nutzen der Zusammenarbeit zu erhöhen und den Zeitdruck und die Entvölkerung zu reduzieren. Es zeigt sich jedoch auch, dass digitale Schnittstellen nicht ausreichen, sondern dass ein angemessenes Datenmanagement entscheidend ist, um verschiedene private und gemeinsame Ziele zu erreichen. Aus diesen und anderen Erkenntnissen wurden schließlich theoretische und betriebswirtschaftliche Implikationen abgeleitet und dargestellt.In recent years the importance of collaboration between agriculture and tourism to guarantee the success of rural destinations was widely investigated. Most importantly collaboration bases on diverse mediators, like know-how and trust. In this regard, the role SDM (smart data man- agement) plays in developing the destination and the function digital interfaces have as a vehi- cle for collaboration are noteworthy. Indeed, to ensure good communication and higher levels of trust SDM and interfaces are crucial elements. Despite the relevance and timeliness of the topic, research on the influence of SDM on collaboration between agriculture and tourism is still limited. Hence, this study aims to clarify the level of interest and knowledge of stakeholders about the potential of SDM in collaboration and give theoretical as well as managerial implica- tions and suggestions for future research. This is accomplished by focusing on three main use cases, whereby the research is part of a project of the University of Innsbruck in collaboration with the UMIT Tirol, the tourism association Mayrhofen-Hippach and the UaB Tirol. To attain this objective, a systematic literature research and a qualitative analysis, based on three focus group interviews with a total number of 25 owners of agricultural and touristic enterprises in the Austrian destination of the Zillertal were chosen. The findings demonstrate that collabora- tion finds large acceptance in the destination. Digital interfaces are needed to enhance collabo- rative benefits and reduce time constraints and depopulation. However, it is also found that digital interfaces are not sufficient, rather a proper data management is crucial to achieve vari- ous private and mutual goals. Out of these and other findings theoretical and managerial impli- cations were finally derived and presented.Greta TamersMasterarbeit Universität Innsbruck 202

The acceptance of HRM technologies : a qualitative case study at alperia

by Stefan TamersMasterarbeit University Innsbruck 202