Open Knowledge Resources for Higher Education: Scholarly Publications, Course Materials, Academic Software

This paper will explain why electronic knowledge resources in academia cannot only be regarded as private commodities, but also as public goods. After sketching a concept of public goods for a postnational, global society, three types of electronic knowledge resources are distinguished: scholarly publications, course materials and academic software. With the help of practical examples, similarities between these resources are developed. Finally, it will be explained what advantages the status of public good for knowledge resources would have and how it could be achieved by the academic community

Disziplinäre Studienprofile im Kontext universitärer Autonomie und der Bologna-Reform am Beispiel der Universität Wien

Thomas Pfeffer erläutert in seinem Artikel die Umstrukturierung der österreichischen Hochschullandschaft als Reaktion auf den Bologna-Prozess am Beispiel der Universität Wien

Open Educational Resources – ein Policy-Paper

Die erfolgreiche Etablierung des Open-Source-Modells sowie die in den 1990er Jahren entstandene und seitdem erstarkte Open-Access-Initiative haben die Diskussion über Open Content wieder belebt. Zusätzlichen Aufschwung erhält das Thema durch die breite Akzeptanz jener innovativen Technologien, die zur Demokratisierung des Internet beitragen, indem sie die Lernenden zu Akteurinnen und Akteuren machen und ihnen u.a. auch die Werkzeuge zur Entwicklung digitaler Inhalte an die Hand geben. Auf europäischer Ebene wird Open Content im Sinne der freien Zugänglichkeit zu Bildungsinhalten als ein wichtiger Schritt zur Erhöhung der Chancengleichheit und als ein weiterer Baustein auf dem Weg zur Harmonisierung des europäischen Hochschulraums im Sinne der Bologna-Deklaration gesehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag beleuchtet die wesentlichen Merkmale von Open Content im Vergleich zu Open Source und Open Access und stellt eine national getragene Maßnahme zur institutionellen Verankerung von Open Content vor. (DIPF/ Orig.

Integral Management: Adaptationsmöglichkeiten und Modifikationserfordnerisse des Balanced-Scorecard-Konzeptes bei der Anwendung in Non-Profit-Organisationen

Non-Profit-Organizations of the Third Sector have lately gained an increasing importance both in scientific research and as far as their economical weight is concerned. Adapting the concept of the Balanced Scorecard for those organizations, their particularities need to be determined and based on the findings, the need of changes within and additions to the concept need to be questioned and discussed.Non-Profit-Organisationen, Balanced Scorecard, Controlling, Performance, Measurement

Disruption of Kcc2-dependent inhibition of olfactory bulb output neurons suggests its importance in odour discrimination

Synaptic inhibition in the olfactory bulb (OB), the first relay station of olfactory information, is believed to be important for odour discrimination. We interfered with GABAergic inhibition of mitral and tufted cells (M/T cells), the principal neurons of the OB, by disrupting their potassium- chloride cotransporter 2 (Kcc2). Roughly, 70% of mice died around 3 weeks, but surviving mice appeared normal. In these mice, the resulting increase in the intracellular Cl− concentration nearly abolished GABA-induced hyperpolarization of mitral cells (MCs) and unexpectedly increased the number of perisomatic synapses on MCs. In vivo analysis of odorant-induced OB electrical activity revealed increased M/T cell firing rate, altered phasing of action potentials in the breath cycle and disrupted separation of odour- induced M/T cell activity patterns. Mice also demonstrated a severely impaired ability to discriminate chemically similar odorants or odorant mixtures. Our work suggests that precisely tuned GABAergic inhibition onto M/T cells is crucial for M/T cell spike pattern separation needed to distinguish closely similar odours

Conceiving time?: women who do or do not conceive

This article explores the importance of time for an understanding of women's experiences of reproductive identity. In order to do this we draw on data from two separate qualitative research projects. The first project is concerned with the experiences of conception, pregnancy, childbirth and early motherhood in primagravidae, whilst the second focuses on the experiences of individuals (especially women) who defined themselves (at the time of the fieldwork, or some time previously) as 'involuntarily childless' and/or 'infertile'. These two areas are usually treated as separate; however this article explores similarities between them in terms of time and medicalisation. Our central concern then is with exploring the similarities of experience for women who do or do not conceive

Supraglacial forcing of subglacial drainage in the ablation zone of the Greenland ice sheet

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Oxidative destruction of organic pollutants on modified polypropylene fiber

The paper shows the prospects of using composites based on polypropylene fiber with embedded particles of metal Fe{0} and Al{0}. Samples were used for oxidative destruction of organic compounds under conditions of the Fenton-like system and visible radiation