HUBUNGAN POSTUR KERJA DENGAN KELELAHAN KERJA PADA AKTIVITAS PENGAMPLASAN BAGIAN FINISHING PT. EBAKO NUSANTARA SEMARANG

Kelelahan merupakan suatu mekanisme perlindungan tubuh agar tubuh terhindar dari kerusakan lebih lanjut sehingga terjadi pemulihan setelah istirahat. Postur kerja adalah suatu gambaran tentang posisi badan, kepala dan anggota tubuh. Ketidaksesuaian postur kerja akan mengakibatkan kelelahan dan keluhan yang menunjang bagi terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara postur kerja dengan kelelahan kerja pada aktivitas pengamplasan bagian finishing PT. Ebako Nusantara Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini ialah 26 pekerja. Postur kerja diukur menggunakan REBA dan kelelahan kerja diukur dengan menggunakan DLRT. Analisis data menggunakan uji Fisher Probability Exact Test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan mayoritas responden mengalami kelelahan kerja (69.2%). Sebanyak 88.5% pekerja memiliki skor postur kerja keseluruhan yang termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan antara postur kerja keseluruhan (p=0.02), postur punggung (p=0.02), dan postur leher (p=0.01) dengan kelelahan kerja dan tidak ada hubungan antara postur kaki (p=0.38), postur lengan atas (p=0.67), postur lengan bawah (p=1.00), dan postur pergelangan tangan (p=0.09) dengan kelelahan kerja pada aktivitas pengamplasan bagian finishing PT. Ebako Nusantara Semarang. Disarankan untuk perusahaan memanfaatkan meja kerja beroda yang ada untuk meninggikan medan kerja objek yang diamplas, agar pekerja tidak melakukan postur membungkuk. Pekerja disarankan melakukan peregangan sebelum memulai pekerjaan, saat tubuh merasa lelah, dan di sela-sela pekerjaan dan merubah posisi tubuh secara berkala saat menjangkau ujung permukaan objek yang diamplas Kata Kunci: Kelelahan Kerja, Postur Kerja, Pengamplasan, REB

Visual regimes and the politics of war experience: Rewriting war ‘from above’ in WikiLeaks’ ‘Collateral Murder’

War experiences are a material of political currency, invoked, appropriated, and ‘written’ in particular configurations to sustain, complicate, and contest narratives about war. This occurs through and within the same relations of power that are intrinsic to the conduct of war as war-experiencing subjects comprise a political vocabulary of selves and others that populate and operate within war’s wider social (re)production. To track these power relations and consider implications for how dominant accounts of war can be complicated and contested, the article is grounded in an analysis of the visual regimes at work in footage, photographs, and testimony relating to the shooting of a group of people by an American Apache helicopter in Baghdad, Iraq in 2007. The event was publicised on a dedicated website and dubbed ‘Collateral Murder’ by WikiLeaks in 2010. Analysis of the website reveals how visual modes and the experiences of war subjects accompany each other, revealing war in contrasting locations of sight and violence: the ‘view from above’, the ‘view from below’, and the view of the ‘on-the-ground’ soldier eyewitness. Taken together these discursively produce ‘Collateral Murder’ and contest the dominance of war known through the experience of those who wage it ‘from above’

An assessment of the contemporary threat posed by network worm malware

The cost of a zero-day network worm outbreak has been estimated to be up to US$2.6 billion. Additionally zeroday network worm outbreaks have been observed that spread at a significant pace across the global Internet, with an observed infection level of more than 90 percent of vulnerable hosts within 10 minutes. The threat posed by such fast-spreading malware is therefore significant, particularly given the fact that network operator / administrator intervention is not likely to take effect within the typical epidemiological timescale of such infections. This paper presents a classification of wormable vulnerabilities, demonstrating a method to determine if a vulnerability is wormable, and presents a survey into the cause of the reduction of worm outbreaks in recent years, as well as their viability in the future. It then goes on to explore recent wormable vulnerabilities, and points out the issues with operating system security in relation to techniques used by zero-day worms

The detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by electrical impedance spectroscopy: The effects of acetic acid and tissue homogeneity

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of an electrical impedance probe (Epitheliometer) in the diagnosis of high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women referred with cervical smear abnormalities and to assess the effect of acetic acid (AA) and tissue boundaries on the measurements. Methods. A prospective observational study was undertaken in the colposcopy clinic. One hundred and sixty-five women, either with a clinical indication or abnormal cervical cytology, were recruited into the study. A pencil type probe was used to record impedance spectra from 12 points on the cervix before and after the application of 5% AA. Spectra were also recorded from tissue boundaries. Colposcopic examinations, including probe positioning, were video recorded to allow for correlations between histopathological diagnosis of colposcopically directed biopsies, colposcopic impression and the diagnosis based on impedance measurements. Results. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were derived. The areas under the curves (AUCs) to discriminate original squamous from high grade CIN were 0.80 (pre AA) and 0.79 (post AA). Comparison of these curves showed no significant difference, indicating that application of AA does not produce a large change in spectra. The probe Could distinguish tissue boundaries from homogeneous tissue points. Conclusion. The Epitheliometer has the potential to be used as an adjunct to colposcopy in the diagnosis of high grade CIN. It has the advantage of real time results, decreasing the need for diagnostic cervical biopsies, and facilitates a wider use of the 'see and treat' policy without the risk of overtreatment. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Comparative performance of a parallel implementation of an internet-scale zero-day worm epidemiology simulator

The threat posed by fast-spreading malware is significant, particularly given the fact that network operator/administrator intervention is not likely to take effect within the typical epidemiological timescale of such infections. The cost of zero-day network worm outbreaks has been estimated to be up to US $2.6 billion for a single worm outbreak. Zero-day network worm outbreaks have been observed that spread at a significant pace across the global Internet, with an observed rate of reaching more than 90 percent of vulnerable hosts within 10 minutes. An accepted technology that is used in addressing the security threat presented by zero-day worms is the use of simulation systems, and a common factor determining their efficacy is their performance. An empirical comparison of a sequential and parallel implementation of a novel simulator, the Internet Worm Simulator (IWS), is presented detailing the impact of a selection of parameters on its performance. Experimentation demonstrates that IWS has the capability to simulate up to 91.8 million packets transmitted per second (PTS) for an IPv4 address space simulation on a single workstation computer, comparing favourably to previously reported metrics. It is concluded that in addition to comparing PTS performance, simulation requirements should be taken into consideration when assessing the performance of such simulators

Premature ejaculation: therapist perspectives

Premature Ejaculation (PE) is a common sexual dysfunction affecting approximately 20-30% of men (Porst, et al., 2007). Despite important issues relating to PE definition, diagnosis, and therapy, there is a paucity of research investigating the experiences of practitioners delivering PE treatment. For the present study, interviews were conducted with eight Psychosexual Therapists and subjected to Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Four master themes emerged from the analysis. These were Romantic Relationships, Vulnerability, Culture, and Diagnosis and Assessment. The Romantic Relationships theme included three sub-themes: Intimacy; Involvement; and Distress. Two sub-themes formed the Vulnerability theme: Self-Esteem; and Anxiety. The Culture theme contained three sub-themes: Religion and Ethnicity; Pornography; and Masculinity. The Diagnosis and Assessment theme included two sub-themes: Referral and Definitions. Findings have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of PE. Future research should investigate therapist perceptions further, including those factors which impact on engagement with clients and PE treatment success

AVALIAÇÃO DAS PROPRIEDADES GEOQUÍMICAS, MINERALÓGICAS E GEOMECÂNICAS EM PERFIS DE ALTERAÇÃO DE MACIÇOS GRANITÓIDES

O presente trabalho pretende ser um contributo para a caracterização geológico-geotécnica dos solos residuais de rochas granitóides de uma região de clima temperado, a Região do Alentejo, em Portugal. A composição química, mineralógica e textural dos granitóides do Alentejo, bem como de outros granitóides da Península Ibérica, apresentam variações distintas conforme a geologia local. Devido aos diferentes tipos de alteração que ocorrem na formação dos perfis de solos residuais, os produtos finais também serão diversos [Duarte, 2002]. Assim, as propriedades físicas, químicas, mineralógicas e geomecânicas destes solos dependem não só da composição química e mineralógica da rocha mãe, mas também das características geomorfológicas e climatéricas locais [Duarte et al, 2004, 2008]. Para a prossecução do trabalho foram selecionados três locais com perfis de alteração distintos, dentro da Região Alentejo e que se ilustram na Figura 1: i) Perfil de alteração de um granodiorito da Pedreira de Monte das Flores, no Maciço Eruptivo de Évora, com cerca de 8 m de altura; ii) Perfil de alteração de um quartzodiorito da Pedreira de Benafessim, no Maciço Eruptivo de Montemor-o-Novo, com cerca de 10 m de altura; iii) Perfil de alteração de um granito da escavação para o Aterro Sanitário de Arraiolos, no Maciço Granítico do Vimieiro, com cerca de 12 m de altura. Nos três locais selecionados para o estudo foram colhidas amostras de solo residual e respetiva rocha mãe ao longo de cada perfil, com o espaçamento de sensivelmente 1 metro entre amostras, tendo estas sido devidamente acondicionadas e levadas para o laboratório para as submeter à realização de análises químicas e mineralógicas e ensaios físicos e mecânicos. Nos mesmos locais de colheita, foram igualmente determinadas a propriedades físicas “in situ” ao longo de cada perfil, tais como, teor em água no estado natural, peso volúmico húmido e seco, porosidade, entre outras. Os principais objectivos deste trabalho são os seguintes: - conhecer as propriedades geoquímicas, mineralógicas e geomecânicas dos solos residuais de três tipos distintos de rochas granitóides, granito, granodiorito e quartzodiorito; - compreender e relacionar a variabilidade de propriedades físico-químicas ao longo de um perfil de alteração de rochas granitóides em clima temperado; - antecipar o comportamento geotécnico, em tempo real, pelo conhecimento da variação da composição química dos solos residuais. A finalidade deste trabalho passa também pela abordagem aos métodos tradicionais de ensaio para determinação das características químicas e mineralógicas dos solos residuais e respetiva rocha-mãe dos maciços em estudo, recorrendo à análise química por espectometria de fluorescência de raios-X (FRX) e análise mineralógica por difracção de raio-X (DRX). Foram obtidas as várias propriedades físicas e mecânicas, tanto “in situ” como no laboratório, recorrendo para tal, à execução de diferentes ensaios, tais como: análise granulométrica, composição textural, limites de consistência, teor em água (no estado natural), expansibilidade, equivalente de areia, densidade, permeabilidade e teor em matéria orgânica. Faz-se uma comparação entre as principais características (a nível da microestrutura, da macroestrutura, da composição mineralógica, geoquímica e textural) que se desenvolvem ao longo de cada perfil de alteração, assim como do seu comportamento geotécnico expectável, [Blight, 1997]. Apresenta-se uma análise comparativa dos resultados experimentais obtidos nos três perfis de alteração de tipos litológicos distintos (granito, granodiorito e quartzodiorito). É apresentada também a avaliação e evolução das propriedades ao longo de cada perfil, com base nos dados provenientes dos ensaios “in-situ” e laboratoriais efetuados. Este trabalho permite evidenciar a importância de proceder à caracterização geológico-geotécnica dos solos residuais de rochas granitóides dada a vasta extensão de ocorrências destes materiais, não só em Portugal como também noutras regiões do mundo, de modo a determinar a sua aplicação nas diferentes obras de engenharia

Systematic review of health-related quality of life and patient-reported outcome measures in Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: A parallel synthesis approach

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) is a rare complication of pregnancy that can develop into cancer. Medical outcomes are well researched but evidence is required on the impact of GTD on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) to improve care. The review was conducted to determine the impact of GTD and its treatment on HRQoL and identify how HRQoL is measured and appropriateness of these measures. Quantitative studies found HRQoL in long-term survivors to be at or above population norms. GTD appeared to have a negative impact on HRQoL where patients experience physical, psychological and social sequelae related to the condition. Clinically significant levels of anxiety, depression, sexual dysfunction and fertility-related distress were found. The results should be treated with caution because the evidence base was limited to small heterogeneous samples, retrospective data and the wide range of measures used. Within the qualitative data, new themes emerged including nerve damage, fatigue, amenorrhea, and grief. Currently, these areas are not captured in patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the content may not be valid for this population. Further qualitative research could lead to development of a GTD specific PROM providing reliable, meaningful and valid assessments and allowing longitudinal data to be obtained