Diurnal Dust Devil Behaviour for the Viking 1 Landing Site: Sols 1 to 30

Previous martian studies have provided an understanding of diurnal dust devil behaviour for Viking 2 and the Mars Pathfinder landing sites. It is the purpose of this work to complete this analysis by analysing the meteorological data from the Viking 1 landing site

Viking Lander 1 and 2 revisited: The characterisation and detection of Martian dust devils

Dust devil data from Mars is limited by a lack of data relating to diurnal dust devil behaviour. The meteorological data from the Viking landers has been revisited to provide these diurnal statistics

The Housing Market(s) of San Diego

This paper uses an assignment model to understand the cross section of house prices within a metro area. Movers’ demand for housing is derived from a lifecycle problem with credit market frictions. Equilibrium house prices adjust to assign houses that differ by quality to movers who differ by age, income and wealth. To quantify the model, we measure distributions of house prices, house qualities and mover characteristics from micro data on San Diego County during the 2000s boom. The main result is that cheaper credit for poor households was a major driver of prices, especially at the low end of the market.

Shopping online and/or in-store? A structural equation model of the relationships between e-shopping and in-store shopping

Searching product information or buying goods online is becoming increasingly popular and could affect shopping trips. However, the relationship between e-shopping and in-store shopping is currently unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate empirically how the frequencies of online searching, online buying, and non-daily shopping trips relate to each other, after controlling for sociodemographic, land use, behavioral, and attitudinal characteristics. Data were collected from 826 respondents residing in four municipalities (one urban, three suburban) in the center of the Netherlands, using a shopping survey. Structural Equation Modeling was used to give insight in the mutual dependencies of the endogenous variables, and in direct and indirect effects between variables. The findings suggest that complementarity or generation between e-shopping and in-store shopping seems to be more likely to occur than substitution. The more often people search online, the more shopping trips they tend to make. Frequent in-store shoppers also buy frequently online. Shop accessibility has a negative effect on the frequency of online searching; the more shops are nearby, the less often persons search online. However, shop accessibility influences the frequency of online buying positively; the more shops are nearby, the more often persons buy online. Urbanisation level affects e-shopping indirectly via Internet use: urban residents shop online more often than suburban residents do, because urban residents use the Internet more often.