Spatial Autoregressive Modeling on Linear Mixed Models for Dependency Between Regions

This study develops a linear mixed model (LMM) that includes spatial effects between regions with a spatial autoregressive model (SAR model). Between observations (regions) on that LMM are usually assumed to be independent. However, these assumptions are not always fulfilled due to dependency between regions. There are two important parts in spatial modeling: spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity. In this study, we are concerned with the spatial lag or SAR models because dependency between variables of interest is easier to predict. On the other hand, all observations are real and can be directly seen from the data patterns. In addition, as a challenge for researchers to find all estimators while the values of the spatial dependence, sampling variance, and component variance are all unknown. This study aims to find all parameter estimators using a numerical approach and exact solutions. All exact estimators obtained are consistent estimators

FINANCIAL INCLUSION, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY IN INDONESIA WITH PANEL SIMULTANEOUS MODELS APPROACH

Financial inclusion is a condition that people have equal access to and use financial services. However, in 2021, Indonesia will have the fourth-highest proportion of unbanked citizens worldwide. Economic growth may have an indirect or direct impact on poverty depending on financial inclusion. Several variables that encourage financial inclusion have been described by many studies. This study aims to analyze simultaneous equation models using panel data of financial inclusion, then identify its causality relationship with economic growth and poverty of 33 provinces in Indonesia from 2011-2021. As result, only the variable mean years of school has an effect on increasing of financial inclusion index. The three variables of economic development, namely financial inclusion, economic growth, and poverty have a one-way causality relationship. That is means there has been no visible development synergy in terms of financial inclusion, economic growth, and poverty. It could be an example given to the government in evaluating Indonesia's regional development gap

MODEL STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN CITRALAND TALLASA CITY MAKASSAR

Strategi komunikasi pemasaran berperan penting dalam keberlangsungan perusahaan. Melalui strategi komunikasi pemasaran, perusahaan dapat memberi informasi dan mempengaruhi konsumen sehingga dapat terjadi pembelian yang akan mendatangkan pendapatan bagi perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh CitraLand Tallasa City Makassar, terlebih pada saat pandemi covid-19 berdasarkan analisis dengan menggunakan bauran komunikasi pemasaran (marketing communication mix). Pada penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan dengan melakukan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan CitraLand Tallasa City Makassar melakukan penyesuaian terhadap strategi komunikasi pemasarannya. Penyesuaian yang dilakukan adalah dengan berfokus melakukan strategi komunikasi pemasaran dengan memanfaatkan media digital

CONSTRUCTING OUT-MIGRATION POTENCY INDEX FROM PROVINCE OF INDONESIA IN 2019

Out-migration is a solution that people do when their area is unable to fulfill their needs. However, the area of origin that people left behind is even more neglected because many productive and educated people are moving. To know the potency of  out-migration, it is necessary to determine the push factors of migration. Lee (1966) and Lewis (1982) state that there are push factors including economic, demographic, environmental, infrastructure, and political factors. This study aims to build a composite indicator that is able to describe the potency of out-migration from a province of Indonesia in 2019. By utilizing data from various BPS’s publications, exploratory factor analysis was carried out with the guide from OECD (2008). As result, four factors were formed, namely economic population and infrastructure factor, welfare and pollution factor, social and security factor, and industrial and clean water factor. DKI Jakarta has the lowest potency and Papua has the highest potency. The correlation between HDI and the Out-Migration Potential Index (OMPI) is -0.798 so that the higher human development in an area, the lower potency to be left by the population. This index is a new index, it can be an illustration that given to the government in dealing regional development’s gap in Indonesia

Analisis Ekonomi Sosial dan Indeks Inklusi Keuangan di Indonesia dengan Persamaan Bentuk Tereduksi

Salah satu indikator ekonomi makro untuk mengetahui kondisi perekonomian Indonesia adalah produk domestik bruto (PDB). Saat ini, pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia cenderung stabil berada di sekitar angka 5 persen. Pertumbuhan PDB Indonesia ini tidak terlepas dari kontribusi sektor jasa keuangan. Di samping itu, kemiskinan kerap menjadi permasalahan sosial yang mesti diperhatikan. Fenomena tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh variabel-variabel ekonomi dan sosial, seperti pemberian kredit/pembiayaan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM), rata-rata lama sekolah, investasi, ketimpangan, dan pengangguran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh total dari variabel ekonomi dan sosial tersebut terhadap indeks inklusi keuangan 33 provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2011-2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode persamaan bentuk tereduksi yang diturunkan dari model panel simultan. Pengaruh total dari setiap variabel eksogen terhadap variabel endogen dapat dilihat melalui persamaan bentuk tereduksi. Sebagai hasilnya, persamaan bentuk tereduksi menunjukkan bahwa variabel pembiayaan UMKM, rata-rata lama sekolah dan investasi berpengaruh total positif terhadap peningkatan indeks inklusi keuangan. Sementara itu, variabel rasio gini dan tingkat pengangguran terbuka berpengaruh total negatif terhadap indeks inklusi keuangan di Indonesia tahun 2011-2021. Hal ini dapat menjadi gambaran bagi pemerintah dalam mengevaluasi pembangunan regional

TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENGATURAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN UNTUK LEMBAGA PERBANKAN DAN LEMBAGA JASA KEUANGAN NONBANK SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGANAN TERHADAP DEBITOR YANG TERKENA DAMPAK PENYEBARAN.COVID-19

In the current pandemic era, there are very many customers of financial institutions, especially those who are unable to fulfill their obligations to pay off their debts due to the unstable economic condition of the community, causing financing problems. What are the similarities and differences between Financial Service Authority regulations for Banking Institutions and Non-Bank Financial Services Institutions. Type of research conducted by the author based on the title of the thesis is normative research where this research refers to the laws and regulations as the main or primary data. Bank Financial Services Institutions and Non-Bank Financial Services Institutions are Debtors affected by the Covid-19 pandemic who are not legally required to carry out restructuring and Debtors must apply for restructuring

Pengaruh Inovasi Teknologi, Peranan Pentadbir dan Kesediaan Guru Terhadap Profesionalisme Keguruan Sekolah Luar Bandar di Sabah

Kajian semasa menunjukkan pengaruh Inovasi Teknologi, peranan pihak pentadbir sekolah serta kesedaran guru dalam peningkatan profesionalisme keguruan. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan Inovasi teknologi, peranan pentadbir dan kesediaan guru terhadap peningkatan profesionalisme keguruan khususnya sekolah luar bandar di Sabah. Fokus kajian adalah berdasarkan rekabentuk teknologi, peranan pentadbir dan kesediaan guru terhadap profesionalisme keguruan di Sabah. Teori dan model yang digunakan sebagai panduan kajian antaranya ialah Teori penyebaran inovasi, Teori TMK dan keterselesaian tugas, Teori pembelajaran sosial, Teori maslow, Model penggunaan Teknologi, Model TAM (Technology Acceptance Modal) Model professional Brante. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan metodologi tinjauan, Rekabentuk penyelidikan yang digunakan ialah penyelidikan deskriptif jenis tinjauan. Ujian deskriptif yang digunakan ialah ujian min, kekerapan dan peratusan manakala ujian inferansi akan menggunakan ujian regrasi, kolerasi, ujian –t dan ujian ANOVA. Sample kajian terdiri daripada 372 orang guru yang bertugas di sekolah luar bandar di negeri Sabah. Soalan kajian akan dianalisis menggunakan program Stastical Package for the social science (SPSS) versi 22.0

DETERMINANTS MODELING OF UNDERNUTRITION IN TODDLERS IN ACEH PROVINCE: A PLS-SEM APPROACH

This study examines the escalating prevalence of underweight and wasting in Indonesia from 2019 to 2022. The prevalence of underweight has increased from 16.35% in 2019 to 17.1% in 2022 while wasting has increased from 7.4% to 7.7% during the same period. Aceh province faces a pressing issue of toddler malnutrition, ranking second with the highest prevalence of underweight (24.8%) and fourth highest in wasting prevalence (11.3%). According to the World Health Organization's malnutrition indicators classification, Aceh experiences notably high levels of underweight and very high levels of wasting. Employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with data sourced from SSGI, publications from the Ministry of Health and BPS-Statistics Indonesia, and Aceh Provincial Food Agency, this research aims to model undernutritioned toddlers in Aceh Province. Findings reveal that undernutrition is directly affected by health access and food intake, with socioeconomic factors exerting an indirect effect. Notably, food intake emerges as the primary determinant of undernutrition

Influence of Innovation, Role of Administrations and Teacher Readiness of the Rural Education Professionalism of Rural Schools in Sabah

The current study shows the influence of technology innovation, the role of school administrators and teachers in increasing awareness of professionalism in teaching. Based on this background, this study aimed to examine the relationship between technology innovation, the role of administrator and teacher readiness to increase professionalism in teaching, especially rural schools in Sabah. The focus of the study is based on the design of technology, the role of administrator and teacher readiness to professionalism in Sabah. Theories and models used as a study guide which is spreading innovation theory, the theory of TMK and keterleselasian duties, social learning theory, theory of Maslow, the use of the model, Model TAM (Technology Acceptance Capital) Brant e professional model. This study applies the methodology of the survey, research design used is descriptive research type review. Descriptive test used is a test of mean, frequency and percentage while inferansi test will use the test regression, correlation, tes-t and ANOVA. The sample consisted of 372 teachers who work in schools in rural areas of the state. Question of the study will be analyzed using the program stastical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0