Investigation of transportation of dairy products in a network of grocery stores in Lutsk

Проведено дослідження процесу транспортування молокопродуктів в мережі магазинів продовольчих товарів м. Луцька і на цій основі обґрунтовано вибір раціонального маршруту. Пропонується удосконалення руху вибраного рухомого складу на маршрутах з позиції покращених фінансових показників проекту, також організації оперативного планування перевезеннями.The process of transportation of dairy products in the Lutsk grocery store network was conducted and the choice of a rational route was substantiated on this basis. It is proposed to improve the movement of the selected rolling stock on routes from the point of view of improved financial performance of the project, as well as the organization of operational planning of transportation.1. Аналіз об’єкту дослідження ................................................................................... 8 1.1 Сучасний стан перевезень продукції молочарства в волинському регіоні . 8 1.2 Аналіз доставки вантажів харчової промисловості в м. Луцьку ............... 13 2. Дослідження матеріальних потоків при транспортувані продукції молочарства у м. Луцьку .......................................................................................... 16 2.1 Дослідження техніко - економічних характеристик вибраних транспортних компаній м. Луцька ...................................................................... 16 2.2 Аналітичні дослідження транспортних підприємств м. Луцька ................ 20 3. Розробка технологічного процесу перевезень вантажів масло-молочної промисловості у м. Луцьку ...................................................................................... 28 3.1 Побудова маршрутів для ТОВ «Волочиськ Агро» ...................................... 28 3.2 Обґрунтування організації перевезень харчової продукції встановленими маршрутами по м. Луцьку ................................................................................... 56 4. Сучасні технології на транспорті ........................................................................ 61 5. Обгрунтування економічної ефективності ......................................................... 69 5.1. Загальні положення ....................................................................................... 69 5.2 Розрахунок показників ефективності ........................................................... 71 6. Охорона праці та безпека в надзвичайних ситуаціях........................................ 75 6.1 Система управління охороною праці як підсистема загальної системи керування ............................................................................................................... 75 6.2 Заходи щодо захисту водіїв від небезпечних, шкідливих і пожежонебезпечних чинників ............................................................................. 79 6.3 Безпека в надзвичайних ситуаціях ................................................................ 82 7. Екологія ................................................................................................................. 85 7.1.Загальна екологічна проблематика в транспортній галузі ......................... 85 5 7.2 Пропозиції з зменшення рівня шкідливих викидів ..................................... 87 Загальні висновки ..................................................................................................... 90 Список використаних джерел.................................................................................. 9

Development of a 13 kW Hall Thruster Propulsion System Performance Model for AEPS

The Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS) program will develop a flight 13kW Hall thruster propulsion system based on NASA's HERMeS thruster. The AEPS system includes the Hall Thruster, the Power Processing Unit (PPU) and the Xenon Flow Controller (XFC). These three primary components must operate together to ensure that the system generates the required combinations of thrust and specific impulse at the required system efficiencies for the desired system lifetime. At the highest level, the AEPS system will be integrated into the spacecraft and will receive power, propellant, and commands from the spacecraft. Power and propellant flow rates will be determined by the throttle set points commanded by the spacecraft. Within the system, the major control loop is between the mass flow rate and thruster current, with time-dependencies required to handle all expected transients, and additional, much slower interactions between the thruster and cathode temperatures, flow controller and PPU. The internal system interactions generally occur on shorter timescales than the spacecraft interactions, though certain failure modes may require rapid responses from the spacecraft. The AEPS system performance model is designed to account for all these interactions in a way that allows evaluation of the sensitivity of the system to expected changes over the planned mission as well as to assess the impacts of normal component and assembly variability during the production phase of the program. This effort describes the plan for the system performance model development, correlation to NASA test data, and how the model will be used to evaluate the critical internal and external interactions. The results will ensure the component requirements do not unnecessarily drive the system cost or overly constrain the development program. Finally, the model will be available to quickly troubleshoot any future unforeseen development challenges

Cryogenic Propellant Storage and Transfer Technology Demonstration: Advancing Technologies for Future Mission Architectures Beyond Low Earth Orbit

As part of U.S. National Space Policy, NASA is seeking an innovative path for human space exploration, which strengthens the capability to extend human and robotic presence throughout the solar system. NASA is laying the groundwork to enable humans to safely reach multiple potential destinations, including the Moon, asteroids, Lagrange points, and Mars and its environs. In support of this, NASA is embarking on the Technology Demonstration Mission Cryogenic Propellant Storage and Transfer (TDM CPST) Project to test and validate key cryogenic capabilities and technologies required for future exploration elements, opening up the architecture for large cryogenic propulsion stages and propellant depots. The TDM CPST will provide an on-orbit demonstration of the capability to store, transfer, and measure cryogenic propellants for a duration that enables long term human space exploration missions beyond low Earth orbit. This paper will present a summary of the cryogenic fluid management technology maturation effort, infusion of those technologies into flight hardware development, and a summary of the CPST preliminary design

Overview of the Development of the Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS)

NASA is committed to the demonstration and application of high-power solar electric propulsion to meet its future mission needs. It is continuing to develop the 14 kW Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS) under a project that recently completed an Early Integrated System Test (EIST) and System Preliminary Design Review (PDR). In addition, NASA is pursuing external partnerships in order to demonstrate Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) technology and the advantages of high-power electric propulsion-based spacecraft. The recent announcement of a Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) as the first major piece of an evolvable human architecture to Mars has replaced the Asteroid Redirect Robotic Mission (ARRM) as the most likely first application of the AEPS Hall thruster system. This high-power SEP capability, or an extensible derivative of it, has been recognized as a critical part of a new, affordable human exploration architecture for missions beyond-low-Earth-orbit. This paper presents the status of AEPS development activities, and describes how AEPS hardware will be integrated into the PPE ion propulsion system

AERODYNAMIC BEHAVIOR AIRCRAFT CAUSED BY RESIDUAL STRAIN WINGS

Abstract. The influence of residual strain on the airframe aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft wasconsidered. The possibility of estimation of changes in deformation of airframe using data of leveling wasshown. The method of estimating the change of aerodynamic characteristics caused by the influence ofresidual strain airframe was proposed. Technique can be used in the operation and overhaul of aircraft withlarge operating time.Keywords: aerodynamic characteristics, residual strain construction asymmetric moments, thedistribution of circulation, the scheme of leveling, trigonometric series

Development of High Power Hall Thruster Systems to Enable the NASA Exploration Vision

The next phase of space exploration missions requires high power Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) systems for large-scale science missions and cargo transportation. Development is underway at Aerojet Rocketdyne on Hall thruster systems that are intended to bracket the needs of future NASA SEP missions in support of space exploration. The Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS) program is developing and qualifying a 13.3kW Hall thruster system to be demonstrated on the Power and Propulsion Element (PPE), which is intended to be the first element of a Lunar Outpost Platform - Gateway (LOP-G). The NextSTEP program is integrating a nested Hall thruster into a 100kW system and testing it for 100 hours. These two programs will provide a path to efficient in-space propulsion that will allow NASA to transfer the large amounts of cargo that is needed to support human missions - first to the moon and then on to Mars. The Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS) program is completing development, qualification and delivery of five flight 13.3kW EP systems to NASA. The flight AEPS system includes a magnetically shielded long-life Hall thruster, Power Processing Unit (PPU) and a Xenon Flow Controller (XFC). The Hall thruster, developed and demonstrated by NASA, operates at input powers up to 12.5kW while providing a specific impulse over an estimated 2800s at an input voltage of 600V. The power processor is designed to accommodate an input voltage range of 95-140V, consistent with operation beyond the orbit of Mars. The integrated system input power is continuously throttleable between 3 and 13.3kW. Component level testing of the EP String has begun with prototype hardware. The NextSTEP program is developing a 100kW Electric Propulsion (EP) system using a nested Hall thruster designed for powers up to 250kW, a modular power processor and a modular mass flow controller. While the program objective is to operate the integrated EP system continuously at 100kW for 100hrs to demonstrate thermal stability and support the development of system life time models, it builds on decades of experience with long-life Hall thrusters and the design is evolvable to a capability of 250kW. Design upgrades that demonstrate the 100kW EP system have been completed and tested. Aerojet Rocketdyne (AR) is excited to support NASA as it extends human reach into deep space and believes that these programs will provide the propulsion to make such missions affordable and sustainable. These systems provide NASA with a range of options to power its deep space transport vehicles. This paper presents the mission requirements for supporting the NASA exploration vision, as well as the status for the high power Hall thruster systems in development

Ekonomska usporedba rezanja materijala pomoću lasera, plazme i kisika

This paper compares three of the most common processes: laser, plasma and oxygen cutting in terms of economical point of view. It illustrates the introduction of thermal cutting methods into the manufacturing of the companies with an emphasis on their productivity. This comparison can be carried out only to a limited extent what is given by many factors.U članku se uspoređuju tri najčešća procesa: rezanje laserom, plazmom i kisikom s ekonomskog motrišta. Članak prikazuje uvođenje metoda toplinskog rezanja u proizvodnju poduzeća s naglaskom na njihovu produktivnost. Ova usporedba može se provoditi samo u ograničenom opsegu, što je dano pomoću mnogo faktora.Web of Science19481781

Overview of the Development and Mission Application of the Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS)

NASA remains committed to the development and demonstration of a high-power solar electric propulsion capability for the Agency. NASA is continuing to develop the 14 kilowatt Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS), which has recently completed an Early Integrated System Test and System Preliminary Design Review. NASA continues to pursue Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) Technology Demonstration Mission partners and mature high-power SEP mission concepts. The recent announcement of the development of a Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) as the first element of an evolvable human architecture to Mars has replaced the Asteroid Redirect Robotic Mission as the most probable first application of the AEPS Hall thruster system. This high-power SEP capability, or an extensible derivative of it, has been identified as a critical part of an affordable, beyond-low-Earth-orbit, manned-exploration architecture. This paper presents the status of the combined NASA and Aerojet AEPS development activities and updated mission concept for implementation of the AEPS hardware as part of the ion propulsion system for a PPE

Psychological Effects of War in All Quiet on the Western Front

Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front changed the way the world viewed World War I. His harsh and honest portrayal of the soldiers’ experiences on the front lines gives readers a glimpse into unimaginable horrors. The physical brutality of WWI aside, there was a large psychological price to be paid by the men – their youth was lost, their memories were painful rather than comforting, and home ceased to exist outside of the army. This study analyzes these psychological effects in All Quiet and the one silver lining – comradeship. The key to understanding Remarque’s novel is the comradeship the men find, whether it be amongst themselves or with the enemy soldiers, because this comradeship is what allows them to cope with the nightmare they are living