The creep characteristics of polyvinylidene chloride

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1943.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 55).by John F. Tormey.M.S

Reinventing the political party in Spain: the case of 15M and the Spanish mobilisations

The current political context in Spain is intriguing for those who study participation and political parties. The emergence of citizen activism, expressed mainly through the 15M Movement, and the political crisis of the two major political parties has led to a new and complex situation where new political parties flourish out of citizen initiatives. This paper analyses the nature and characteristics of these new political parties, and considers the impact that the proliferation of these parties is having on current democracies. The work is based on content analysis and field interviews involving almost a hundred activists and party members from three different Spanish cities

Ciudadanos contra la austeridad: una reflexión comparativa entre la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) y Bündnis Zwangsräumung Verhindern (BZV)

Despite significant socioeconomic differences between Spain and Germany, the two countries have witnessed the growing presence of activist initiatives addressing housing problems. Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) in Spain and Bündnis Zwangsräumung Verhindern (BZV) in Berlin are struggling to stop evictions and defend citizens’ housing rights. The goal of this paper is to reflect on how politics are developing in relation to austerity and the lack of basic goods for parts of the population. This paper adopts a qualitative methodology based on a comparative case study of PAH and BZV to study the similarities and differences between the two platforms. The paper focuses especially on PAH and BZV ideological and sociological backgrounds, political repertories and political logics.A pesar de las significativas diferencias socioeconómicas entre España y Alemania, ambos países han sido testigos de la creciente presencia de las iniciativas activistas que abordan los problemas de acceso a la vivienda. Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) en España y Bündnis Zwangsräumung Verhindern (BZV) en Berlín luchan para detener los desahucios y defender los derechos de vivienda de la ciudadanía. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en reflexionar sobre cómo se está desarrollando la política en relación con la austeridad y la falta de bienes de primera necesidad para sectores de la población. En este trabajo se adopta una metodología cualitativa basada en un estudio de caso comparativo entre PAH y BZV con la finalidad de estudiar las similitudes y diferencias entre ambas plataformas. El artículo se centra sobre todo en los orígenes ideológicos y sociológicos, los repertorios y las lógicas políticas de PAH y BZV

Citizens against Austerity: a Comparative Reflection on Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) and Bündnis Zwangsräumung Verhindern (BZV)

Despite significant socioeconomic differences between Spain and Germany, the two countries have witnessed the growing presence of activist initiatives addressing housing problems. Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) in Spain and Bündnis Zwangsräumung Verhindern (BZV) in Berlin are struggling to stop evictions and defend citizens’ housing rights. The goal of this paper is to reflect on how politics are developing in relation to austerity and the lack of basic goods for parts of the population. This paper adopts a qualitative methodology based on a comparative case study of PAH and BZV to study the similarities and differences between the two platforms. The paper focuses especially on PAH and BZV ideological and sociological backgrounds, political repertories and political logics.A pesar de las significativas diferencias socioeconómicas entre España y Alemania, ambos países han sido testigos de la creciente presencia de las iniciativas activistas que abordan los problemas de acceso a la vivienda. Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) en España y Bündnis Zwangsräumung Verhindern (BZV) en Berlín luchan para detener los desahucios y defender los derechos de vivienda de la ciudadanía. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en reflexionar sobre cómo se está desarrollando la política en relación con la austeridad y la falta de bienes de primera necesidad para sectores de la población. En este trabajo se adopta una metodología cualitativa basada en un estudio de caso comparativo entre PAH y BZV con la finalidad de estudiar las similitudes y diferencias entre ambas plataformas. El artículo se centra sobre todo en los orígenes ideológicos y sociológicos, los repertorios y las lógicas políticas de PAH y BZV

Across-arc geochemical variations in the Southern Volcanic Zone, Chile (34.5- 38.0°S): Constraints on Mantle Wedge and Input Compositions

Crustal assimilation (e.g. Hildreth and Moorbath, 1988) and/or subduction erosion (e.g. Stern, 1991; Kay et al., 2005) are believed to control the geochemical variations along the northern portion of the Chilean Southern Volcanic Zone. In order to evaluate these hypotheses, we present a comprehensive geochemical data set (major and trace elements and O-Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotopes) from Holocene primarily olivine-bearing volcanic rocks across the arc between 34.5-38.0°S, including volcanic front centers from Tinguiririca to Callaqui, the rear arc centers of Infernillo Volcanic Field, Laguna del Maule and Copahue, and extending 300 km into the backarc. We also present an equivalent data set for Chile Trench sediments outboard of this profile. The volcanic arc (including volcanic front and rear arc) samples primarily range from basalt to andesite/trachyandesite, whereas the backarc rocks are low-silica alkali basalts and trachybasalts. All samples show some characteristic subduction zone trace element enrichments and depletions, but the backarc samples show the least. Backarc basalts have higher Ce/Pb, Nb/U, Nb/Zr, and Ta/Hf, and lower Ba/Nb and Ba/La, consistent with less of a slab-derived component in the backarc and, consequently, lower degrees of mantle melting. The mantle-like δ18O in olivine and plagioclase phenocrysts (volcanic arc = 4.9-5.6 and backarc = 5.0-5.4 per mil) and lack of correlation between δ18O and indices of differentiation and other isotope ratios, argue against significant crustal assimilation. Volcanic arc and backarc samples almost completely overlap in Sr and Nd isotopic composition. High precision (double-spike) Pb isotope ratios are tightly correlated, precluding significant assimilation of older sialic crust but indicating mixing between a South Atlantic Mid Ocean-Ridge Basalt (MORB) source and a slab component derived from subducted sediments and altered oceanic crust. Hf-Nd isotope ratios define separate linear arrays for the volcanic arc and backarc, neither of which trend toward subducting sediment, possibly reflecting a primarily asthenospheric mantle array for the volcanic arc and involvement of enriched Proterozoic lithospheric mantle in the backarc. We propose a quantitative mixing model between a mixed-source, slab-derived melt and a heterogeneous mantle beneath the volcanic arc. The model is consistent with local geodynamic parameters, assuming water-saturated conditions within the slab

Neoliberalism and the unfolding patterns of young people’s political engagement and political participation in contemporary Britain

Recent trends suggest that young people in Britain are increasingly rejecting electoral politics. However, evidence suggests that British youth are not apolitical, but are becoming ever more sceptical of the ability of electoral politics to make a meaningful contribution to their lives. Why young people are adopting new political behaviour and values, however, is still a point of contention. Some authors have suggested that neoliberalism has influenced these new patterns of political engagement. This article will advance this critique of neoliberalism, giving attention to three different facets of neoliberalism and demonstrate how they combine to reduce young people’s expectations of political participation and their perceptions of the legitimacy of political actors. We combine ideational and material critiques to demonstrate how young people’s political engagement has been restricted by neoliberalism. Neoliberalism has influenced youth political participation through its critiques of collective democracy, by the subsequent transformations in political practice that it has contributed to, and through the economic marginalisation that has resulted from its shaping of governments’ monetary policy. This approach will be conceptually predicated on a definition of neoliberalism which acknowledges both its focus on reducing interventions in the economy, and also its productive capacity to modify society to construct market relations and galvanise competition amongst agents. From this definition, we develop the argument that neoliberal critiques of democracy, the subsequent changes in political practices which respond to these criticisms and the transformation in socioeconomic conditions caused by neoliberalism have coalesced to negatively influence young people’s electoral participation

Mining, metalworking, and the epic underworld : the corruption of epic heroism and the emergence of commercial ethos as represented in the epic line from Homer to Milton /

Adviser: Tom Strawman.I contend that economic realities and practices give shape to the epic form and define its motifs as much as the traditions and conventions of the genre that epic poets inherit and reinvent. Epic poetry is traditionally read as a repository for values associated with heroism in Western Civilization. My focus instead seeks to establish that the epic text also reflects and comments upon a culture's identity in economic and social spheres. Moreover, when biographical and historical details about the epic writer's life are available, these likewise help to reveal the pool of imaginative resources that the epic poet draws upon.In this way, epic literature documents the economic and social lives of a developing tribal culture as much as it does the chivalric ethos or proto-mercantile dimensions, or the colonial ambitions or early industrial efforts of a more developed national entity. This pattern of economic and social development is evident in the "epic line" that connects the battle and underworld images in the pre-Christian works of Homer and Virgil, the anonymously composed tribalism depicted in Beowulf and chivalric grandeurs of the Song of Roland, the prolo-commercial travel narratives of Dante's Inferno and Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, the colonial subtext of Spenser's Faerie Queene, and the incipient industrial motifs used to depict Hell in Milton's Paradise Lost..I read all of these texts with an eye on the economic and social systems which shape and are represented in them, and I locate the common symbol that connects the epic genre to the economic and social life of a culture in the symbols and imagery of metals and metalworking. Metals are the materials of empire, as they are essential and fundamental to a cultures immediate survival, as well as to its longterm economic health. They help to define and transform its social hierarchy, and most frequently represent the currency that defines its class system. Moreover, they figure prominently in the common epic motifs of battle (weapons), journey, underworld descent, and the articulation of social strata.Likewise, mining is the activity that makes metals available to human commerce and industry, and it requires both a large-scale manipulation of the landscape and a descent into underworld regions. The significance of underworld imagery in epic is in part determined by the essential importance of mining and metalworking to cultures of varying degrees of development. Within the epic narrative, the underworld regions represent a problematic, morally ambiguous space where metals figure prominently and comment most vividly on the commercial and social ambivalences of the epic poet's world.Whether represented by the prophetic visions worked by Olympian smiths, in the arms and armor donned by epic heroes, the currencies that both dictate the interactions within emergent mercantile societies and determine their moral standards, or in the weapons of warfare used by celestial rebels, metals constitute the essential imagistic substance of epic. They are drawn from subterranean recesses which shed light on the economic realities of the epic poet's world, and in the line connecting Homer and Milton the conjoined motifs of metals and the underworld depict important stages in a larger pattern of economic and social development in western civilization that proceeds in close conjunction with the perpetuation and reinvention of the epic genre.Ph.D

Ideas, Politics, Movements

Chamsy el-Ojeili interviews Simon Tormey, political theorist from the University of Sydney. &nbsp