Electrochemical, Chemical and Theoretical Studies of Copper Corrosion Inhibition using Iodate Ions from Potassium Iodate as an Inorganic Inhibitor in 0.5 M NaCl Solution

The present work aims to test the inhibition effect of iodate ions present in potassium iodate, as an inorganic inhibitor for copper corrosion in sodium chloride medium. Chemical and electrochemical methods are carrying out such as weight loss, potentiodynamic and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The present study confirm that the IO acts as a mixed type inhibitor for copper in 0.5 M NaCl.  The iodate ions shows an important inhibition efficiency with 20 ppm for copper in sodium chloride medium. The surface characterization performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) method to confirm the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on copper surface after an immersion of 16 days in aerated 0.5 M NaCl. Computer simulation confirm that the IO   molecules adsorbed on Cu (110) surface. Technics used in this research are in very good agreement and revealed that the IO is a good inhibitor for copper corrosion in sodium chloride medium

ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDY AND COMPUTATIONAL DETAILS OF COPPER CORROSION INHIBITION BY 1H-BENZOTRIAZOLE IN 3 wt. % NaCl MEDIUM

The effect of 1H-benzotriazole (BTAH) with ppm (part per million) grade concentrations on copper corrosion in aerated 3 wt. % NaCl solution is studied using chemical method (weight loss) and electrochemical methods (Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)). The present study confirm that the BTAH acts as a mixed-type inhibitor of copper corrosion in 3 wt. % NaCl. The optimum inhibition efficiency is at 30 ppm of BTAH. The surface characterization is performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to confirm the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules after 21 days of immersion time in aerated 3 wt. % NaCl. The results obtained from different techniques used in this research are in very good agreement and revealed that the BTAH is a very good inhibitor of copper corrosion in sodium chloride medium. Computer Simulation techniques confirm that the BTAH molecules adsorbed on the Cu (110) Surface

Inventaire sur la commercialisation et la consommation des aliments ultra-transformés en Algérie : enquête sur l’impact de leurs Compositions chimiques sur la santé de consommateur

Un aliment ultra transformé (AUT) est un aliment issu de industrie agroalimentaire dont la composition, les processus de transformation industrielle et les additifs utilisés le font rentrer dans le groupe « ultra-transformé ». Les aliments ultra transformés se distinguent généralement par une longue liste ingrédients et additifs non naturels. Un aliment ultra-transformé (AUT) est un aliment qui contient au moins un marqueur d’ultra transformation. Les aliments ultra transformés ont constitués des mêmes composants : eau, la matière minérale, la matière organique. Les calories vides sont généralement hautement transformées, additionnées de produits chimiques ; et de sucres… La consommation élevée des AUT est associée à une alimentation de moindre qualité nutritionnelle. L’importance de la transformation des aliments au fil des dernières décennies est un segment négligé de la nutrition. La Qualité nutritionnelle des AUT Nous avons enregistré la composition nutritionnelle des AUT. les plus consommés par les ménages inclus dans l’enquête. Les CSP sont classées en 3 niveaux selon le revenu moyen : revenu élevé, revenu moyen et revenu faible.Selon la classification de NOVA Une liste de 25 AUT a été définie. Les gâteaux et pâtisseries, de biscuits et des boissons sont les AUT les plus consommés en Algérie.Les facteurs influençant la consommation des AUT : Région, Tranches d’âge, Genre, Analyses statistiques, Niveau d’instruction du chef de ménage, Profession du chef de ménage. La Commercialisation du l’aliment ultra transformation en Algérie associées à des méthodes de commercialisation attrayantes, contribuent à la hausse de la surconsommation de calories.Les Aliments ultra-transformés a des risques de maladies chroniques, le diabète, et les maladies digestives, les maladies du foie, les maladies du rein et les maladies mentales qui dues à une mauvaise alimentation. Il faut sensibiliser les consommateurs à l'effet néfaste des aliments ultra-transformés sur la santé, il faut les inciter à manger des aliments frais riches en vitamines pour éviter apparition demaladies non transmissibles (diabète, obésité, cancers, etc.). Les additifs alimentaires danger utilisés dans des aliments ultra Transformés sont : Les colorants, Les conservateurs, Les antioxydants, Les émulsifiants, Les régulateurs d‘acidité, Les agents de carbonations, Les édulcorants, Les arômes. Pour éviter les AUT : Manger vrai, végétal, varie, Préférer le solide, le complet, le local

CdSO4-CdS Composite nanowires synthesized by arc discharge method

Herein, we successfully carried out the of CdS nanowires doped with CdSO4 nanoparticles by arc discharge method. For this, two cadmium rods with high purity as anode and cathode electrodes were submerged in a liquid nitrogen medium. The cathode electrode was filled with micro-sized sulfur powder to synthesize CdS nanowires. CdS nanowires were obtained by oxidation using low temperature with CdSO4 nanoparticles. After the arc discharge process, the resultant product was characterized to reveal structural and morphological properties. XRD and electron EDX analyses exposed the coexistence of the CdS and CdSO4 phases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations revealed that the synthesized nanostructures formed in a 1D wire nanostructure morphology with a diameter of less than 10 nm and several micrometers in length. Besides, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was utilized to monitor the CdSO4 nanoparticles located on CdS nanowires surface. It has been found that the absorption band blue-shifted with 0.53 eV. This blue shift originated from the quantum confinement in the nanoparticles

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid by 5,5',5''-(nitrilotris (methylene)) tris-(8-quinolinol) : Experimental, theoretical and molecular dynamic studies

The influence of 5,5',5''-(nitrilotris (methylene)) tris-(8-quinolinol), noted (NMQ8), on mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl was studied by weight loss, electrochemical, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), theoretical calculation and molecular dynamic methods. The results obtained for NMQ8 showed a good inhibition effect on the mild steel in the 1 M HCl solution. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with a corresponding increase in the NMQ8 concentration, and the best inhibition of 92.78% occurred at a NMQ8 concentration of 1 mM. The potentiodynamic studies revealed that investigated NMQ8 act as mixed type inhibitor. Activation energy (Ea), equilibrium constant (Kads), free energy of adsorption (ΔG°ads) were calculated and discussed. The studied inhibitor obeyed Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. The adsorption behavior and inhibition mechanism of studied compound on the surface of mild steel were studied by quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It was found that the compound show the highest ability to donate and accepting electrons while the MD simulations show the high adsorption energy of the molecules on Fe (110) surface

Algerian-Dutch relations during the 17th century: an Analytical Study of the Treaties and Covenants

Abstract: In this paper, we wanted to review an aspect of the relations between Algeria and the Netherlands during the 17th century, which is the period that witnessed the Netherlands emerging from its isolation and political subordination and its aspiration to play a pivotal role outside Europe, by possessing a strong commercial fleet that allowed it to explore the world, establish commercial centers, and build strong relationships with many countries and kingdoms. Considering that Algeria in that era was the first maritime power in the western basin of Mediterranean Sea and controlled the reins of international trade and navigation thanks to the activity of its military fleet, the Dutch sought to win its political favor and build relations with it that would allow them to protect their economic gains and move freely across roads and maritime routes. The origins of Algerian-Dutch relations, in their official form, go back to the beginning of the 17th century, in which the two parties sought to express good faith and the desire to cooperate based on the exchange of benefits. However, they became hostile in some periods after the Dutch carried out hostile actions against Algeria, and they later tended to peace by sending envoys to negotiate... There are many issues of common interest, and in our intervention we will seek to highlight the origins, motives and trends of Algerian-Dutch relations in a world attracted by interests, ambitions and aspirations for control and the extension of influence.  Keywords: Relations, Algeria, Netherlands, Mediterranean, Treaties and Charters