Relational identity categories: Towards another way to address indigenous Identifcations in zones “without indians”

El presente artículo realiza una propuesta metodológica a la hora de estudiar identificaciones indígenas en zonas que fueron construidas en los relatos hegemónicos desconociendo tal origen. Dichas construcciones han operado a la hora de desacreditar reclamos territoriales desde una adscripción étnica, tildándola como espuria y/o instrumentalista.A partir de un caso en estudio en la Comarca Andina del Paralelo 42º, Noroeste del Chubut, Patagonia argentina, la indagación sobre identificaciones indígenas operadas por sectores no indígenas con los cuales estos últimos mantuvieron alianzas, reveló categorías identitarias mixtas y contenedoras de lo mapuche que estarían dando cuenta de esta presencia en los territorios donde los relatos oficiales las niegan. La categoría nativa "Hipuche" surgida hace cuatro décadas en una coyuntura de fuerte conflictividad territorial- da cuenta de una alianza entre dos colectivos que, aun cuando tuvieron una fuerte impronta en la zona, fueron silenciados sistemáticamente en los relatos de la historia local y regional.This article sets out a methodological proposal for the study of indigenous identifications in areas that were devised from hegemonic narratives denying such origins; which have served to discredit territorial claims from an ethnic ascription, labeling them as spurious and/or instrumentalist. From a particular case under study in the Comarca Andina del Paralelo 42º region, in the Northwest Province of Chubut, Patagonia Argentina, the investigation into Indigenous identifications by non-indigenous sectors with which the latter maintain alliances, mixed identitary categories were unveiled including that of the Mapuches, thereby revealing their presence in the territories where official accounts deny them. The native categorical term “hipuche” –which emerged four decades ago in a scene of strong territorial conflict– reveals an alliance between two groups, with a strong imprint in the area, although systematically silenced in the local and regional historical accountsFil: Tozzini, María Alma. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; Argentin

The Influence of Graphene Curvature on Hydrogen Adsorption: Towards Hydrogen Storage Devices

The ability of atomic hydrogen to chemisorb on graphene makes the latter a promising material for hydrogen storage. Based on scanning tunneling microscopy techniques, we report on site-selective adsorption of atomic hydrogen on convexly curved regions of monolayer graphene grown on SiC(0001). This system exhibits an intrinsic curvature owing to the interaction with the substrate. We show that at low coverage hydrogen is found on convex areas of the graphene lattice. No hydrogen is detected on concave regions. These findings are in agreement with theoretical models which suggest that both binding energy and adsorption barrier can be tuned by controlling the local curvature of the graphene lattice. This curvature-dependence combined with the known graphene flexibility may be exploited for storage and controlled release of hydrogen at room temperature making it a valuable candidate for the implementation of hydrogen-storage devices

Memórias silenciadas e patrimônios ausentes no Museu Histórico de El Hoyo, Comarca Andina do Paralelo 42°, Patagônia, Argentina

Este artículo analiza los silencios y el patrimonio ausente en la exhibición de un Museo Histórico de la localidad de El Hoyo, en Patagonia Argentina. Particularmente, examina los silencios difundidos sobre los pueblos originarios, ciertas problemáticas y relaciones, procurando develar los mecanismos mediante los cuales la institución configuró esas ausencias. Abordamos estos silenciamientos como recursos productivos que configuran y transmiten sistemas de pertenencia-diferenciación, estratificación y territorializaciones que ponen de manifiesto las relaciones de poder y estructuran el campo de acción posible.This article analyzes the silences and absent heritage in the exhibition at the Historical Museum in the town of El Hoyo in Patagonia (Argentina). In particular, it examines the widespread silences about indigenous peoples and certain issues and relationships, while attempting to reveal the mechanisms by which the institution gave shape to these absences. We approach the analysis of these silencings as productive resources through which systems of belonging and differentiation, stratification and territorialization, are configured and transmitted, revealing relations of power and structuring the possible field of actionEste artigo analisa os silêncios e o patrimônio ausente na exibição de um Museu Histórico na localidade de El Hoyo, na Patagônia (Argentina). Particularmente, examina os silêncios difundidos sobre os povos originários, certas problemáticas e relações, procurando revelar os mecanismos mediantes os quais a instituição configurou essas ausências. Abordamos estes silenciamentos como recursos produtivos que configuram e transmitem sistemas de pertencimento-diferenciação, estratificação e territorializações que destacam as relações de poder e estruturam o campo de ação possível.Fil: Crespo, Carolina Flavia. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tozzini, María Alma. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; Argentin

The coherent dynamics of photoexcited green fluorescent proteins

The coherent dynamics of vibronic wave packets in the green fluorescent protein is reported. At room temperature the non-stationary dynamics following impulsive photoexcitation displays an oscillating optical transmissivity pattern with components at 67 fs (497 cm-1) and 59 fs (593 cm-1). Our results are complemented by ab initio calculations of the vibrational spectrum of the chromophore. This analysis shows the interplay between the dynamics of the aminoacidic structure and the electronic excitation in the primary optical events of green fluorescent proteins.Comment: accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

Aboveground Yield and Biomass Quality of Giant Reed (Arundo donax L.) as Affected by Harvest Time and Frequency

Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) is a perennial rhizomatous grass producing high biomass yields in temperate and warm climates under rainfed and reduced input conditions. Harvest time and frequency typically affect the productivity and suitability for energy conversion of energy crops. In order to evaluate the effect of different cutting managements on biomass yield and quality of giant reed, three single harvest (SH) and six double harvest (DH) systems were compared. Biomass yield, leaf mass ratio, dry matter (DM), and ash content were assessed for each harvest. Over the 2 years of study, giant reed demonstrated good productivity levels both when harvested once a year and twice a year (about 30 Mg ha−1) without significant differences between the treatments. Regarding double-cut regimes, overall yields were significantly reduced by delaying the second cut from autumn to winter (32.9 vs 30.2 Mg ha−1), and the percentage of the first cut with respect to the overall yield varied from 55 to 80 %. Biomass quality was also significantly affected by harvest time and frequency. The biomass obtained in double harvest systems showed higher average moisture levels (about 40 % DM) and ash concentrations ranging from 4.7 to 8.7 %. In contrast, single harvest systems led to a drier biomass (47–57 % DM) and reduced mineral contents (3.4–4.8 % ash). The feasibility of double-cut management should therefore be considered in terms of the specific giant reed-based supply chain, with particular regards to the storage and conversion technology adopted

Impact of Cluster Thinning and Basal Leaf Removal on Fruit Quality of Cabernet Franc (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapevines Grown in Cool Climate Conditions

Achieving desired fruit quality at harvest in cool climate conditions is a challenge, especially for red varieties, and the typical inability of fruit to reach technological maturity is a critical contributing factor requiring examination. To probe this issue, this research investigated the impact of two levels of crop thinning and of basal leaf removal at three phenological stages in the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons in Michigan. Experiments were conducted at the Southwest Michigan Research and Extension Center (SWMREC) in Benton Harbor. Using \u2018Cabernet franc\u2019 (Vitis vinifera L.) vines, yield components (yield per vine, pruning weight, and cluster and berry weight) and basic fruit composition traits [total soluble solids (TSS), pH, titratable acidity, anthocyanins, and phenolics) were studied to investigate the effect of cluster thinning and basal leaf removal on vine performance and fruit quality at harvest. Neither of the treatments significantly impacted TSS in either of the two seasons. Cluster thinning treatment successfully altered cropload ratio, indexed as Ravaz Index (RI), independently of the time of application. Basal leaf removal increased exposed berry temperature, cluster light exposure, and subsequent anthocyanin and phenolic content of the berry in both seasons, again independent of application date, whereas cluster thinning was effective only in 2012. Crop thinning coupled with basal leaf removal resulted in an increased efficiency in anthocyanin accumulation in relation to TSS accumulation, expressed as anthocyanin:sugar, in both years. This is significant because it offers potential for vineyard management practices aiming to improve fruit quality in cool climates where the onset of anthocyanin accumulation could be reduced and decoupled from sugar accumulation