Arbonès, Miller i Nin

Henry Miller era l'autor predilecte de Jordi Arbonès, un fet reflectit tant en el nombre com la qualitat de les traduccions que va fer d'aquest autor. Primavera negra, en la versió catalana (1970), va ser el primer llibre de Miller publicat a l'estat espanyol. Les següents traduccions de Miller en català (Tròpic de Càncer 1977, Tròpic de Capricorn 1978) no van rebre el permís del censor fins que les versions castellanes haguessin sortit abans. L'impacte d'aquestes traduccions en el món de les lletres catalanes va ser molt gran, però Arbonès també maldava perquè algunes obres menys conegudes de Miller també veiessin la llum del dia: El temps dels assassins (1975) o El colòs de Maroussi (1987), entre d'altres. Arbonès coneixia a fons l'obra de Miller i la seva traducció més reeixida, segurament, és Sexus (1992), que alguns consideren que és l'obra mestra de Miller. Arbonès també va escriure un assaig interessant sobre Miller (1990) i diversos pròlegs a les obres traduïdes.Henry Miller was Jordi Arbonès's favourite author, a fact reflected in the number and quality of his translations of this author. Arbonès's Catalan version of Black Spring (1970) was the first Miller title to be published in Spain. Later Catalan translations of Miller's key works, the «Tropics» were kept waiting by the censor until Spanish translations had already been published. Arbonès's translations of these books, at all events, created a tremendous impact in the world of Catalan letters. Arbonès also tried to introduce the Catalan reading public to some of Miller's lesser known works such as Time of the Assassins (1975) or The Colossus of Maroussi (1987). Arbonès knew Miller's work extremely well, and his finest translation was almost certainly the Catalan version of Sexus (1992), often considered to be Miller's masterpiece. Arbonès also wrote an interesting essay on Miller (1990) and several prologues to his own translations

Entrebanquets

Localització: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Arb 491.Forma part del fons personal de Jordi Arbonès.Text mecanoscrit

Els rastres de la vida

A la part de darrera del document hi ha una entrevista a Jordi Arbonès (Arb_0169).Notícia i crítica sobre la publicació catalana de Sexus de Henry Miller traduïda per Jordi Arbonès, publicada a l'Avui

SARS-CoV-2 infection enhancement by amphotericin B:implications for disease management

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who require hospitalization are at high risk of invasive pulmonary mucormycosis. Amphotericin B (AmB), which is the first-line therapy for invasive pulmonary mucormycosis, has been shown to promote or inhibit replication of a spectrum of viruses. In this study, we first predicted that AmB and nystatin had strong interactions with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteins using in silico screening, indicative of drugs with potential therapeutic activity against this virus. Subsequently, we investigated the impact of AmB, nystatin, natamycin, fluconazole, and caspofungin on SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in vitro. Results showed that AmB and nystatin actually increased SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero E6, Calu-3, and Huh7 cells. At optimal concentrations, AmB and nystatin increase SARS-CoV-2 replication by up to 100- and 10-fold in Vero E6 and Calu-3 cells, respectively. The other antifungals tested had no impact on SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Drug kinetic studies indicate that AmB enhances SARS-CoV-2 infection by promoting viral entry into cells. Additionally, knockdown of genes encoding for interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins 1, 2, and 3 suggests AmB enhances SARS-CoV-2 cell entry by overcoming the antiviral effect of the IFITM3 protein. This study further elucidates the role of IFITM3 in viral entry and highlights the potential dangers of treating COVID-19 patients, with invasive pulmonary mucormycosis, using AmB

Best practices for monitoring and assessing the ecological response to river restoration

Nature-based solutions are widely advocated for freshwater ecosystem conservation and restoration. As increasing amounts of river restoration are undertaken, the need to understand the ecological response to different measures and where measures are best applied becomes more pressing. It is essential that appraisal methods follow a sound scientific approach. Here, experienced restoration appraisal experts review current best practice and academic knowledge to make recommendations and provide guidance that will enable practitioners to gather and analyse meaningful data, using scientific rigor to appraise restoration success. What should be monitored depends on the river type and the type and scale of intervention. By understanding how habitats are likely to change we can anticipate what species, life stages, and communities are likely to be affected. Monitoring should therefore be integrated and include both environmental/habitat and biota assessments. A robust scientific approach to monitoring and appraisal is resource intensive. We recommend that appraisal efforts be directed to where they will provide the greatest evidence, including ‘flagship’ restoration schemes for detailed long-term monitoring. Such an approach will provide the evidence needed to understand which restoration measures work where and ensure that they can be applied with confidence elsewhere

Humoral and cellular immunogenicity to a second dose of COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 in people receiving methotrexate or targeted immunosuppression:a longitudinal cohort study

Background: COVID-19 vaccines have robust immunogenicity in the general population. However, data for individuals with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases who are taking immunosuppressants remains scarce. Our previously published cohort study showed that methotrexate, but not targeted biologics, impaired functional humoral immunity to a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), whereas cellular responses were similar. Here, we aimed to assess immune responses following the second dose.Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study, we recruited individuals with psoriasis who were receiving methotrexate or targeted biological monotherapy (ie, tumour necrosis factor [TNF] inhibitors, interleukin [IL]-17 inhibitors, or IL-23 inhibitors) from a specialist psoriasis centre serving London and South-East England. The healthy control cohort were volunteers without psoriasis, not receiving immunosuppression. Immunogenicity was evaluated immediately before, on day 28 after the first BNT162b2 vaccination and on day 14 after the second dose (administered according to an extended interval regimen). Here, we report immune responses following the second dose. The primary outcomes were humoral immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, defined as titres of total spike-specific IgG and of neutralising antibody to wild-type, alpha (B.1.1.7), and delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 variants, and cellular immunity defined as spike-specific T-cell responses (including numbers of cells producing interferon-γ, IL-2, IL-21).Findings: Between Jan 14 and April 4, 2021, 121 individuals were recruited, and data were available for 82 participants after the second vaccination. The study population included patients with psoriasis receiving methotrexate (n=14), TNF inhibitors (n=19), IL-17 inhibitors (n=14), IL-23 inhibitors (n=20), and 15 healthy controls, who had received both vaccine doses. The median age of the study population was 44 years (IQR 33-52), with 43 (52%) males and 71 (87%) participants of White ethnicity. All participants had detectable spike-specific antibodies following the second dose, and all groups (methotrexate, targeted biologics, and healthy controls) demonstrated similar neutralising antibody titres against wild-type, alpha, and delta variants. By contrast, a lower proportion of participants on methotrexate (eight [62%] of 13, 95% CI 32-86) and targeted biologics (37 [74%] of 50, 60-85; p=0·38) had detectable T-cell responses following the second vaccine dose, compared with controls (14 [100%] of 14, 77-100; p=0·022). There was no difference in the magnitude of T-cell responses between patients receiving methotrexate (median cytokine-secreting cells per 106 cells 160 [IQR 10-625]), targeted biologics (169 [25-503], p=0·56), and controls (185 [133-328], p=0·41).Interpretation: Functional humoral immunity (ie, neutralising antibody responses) at 14 days following a second dose of BNT162b2 was not impaired by methotrexate or targeted biologics. A proportion of patients on immunosuppression did not have detectable T-cell responses following the second dose. The longevity of vaccine-elicited antibody responses is unknown in this population.Funding: NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London; The Psoriasis Association.</p

Is Centralisation of Cancer Services Associated With Under-Treatment of Patients With High-Risk Prostate Cancer?-A National Population-Based Study.

BACKGROUND: Centralising prostate cancer surgical and radiotherapy services, requires some patients to travel longer to access treatment, but its impact on actual treatment utilisation and outcomes is unknown. METHODS: Using national cancer registry records linked to administrative hospital data, we identified all patients with high risk and locally advanced prostate cancer diagnosed between 1 April 2019 and 31 March 2020 in the English National Health Service (n = 15,971). Estimated travel times from the patient residential areas to the nearest hospital providing surgery or radiotherapy were estimated for journeys by car and by public transport. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model relationships between travel time and receipt of care with adjustment for patient characteristics. RESULTS: 10,693 (67%) men received radical surgery or radiotherapy (RT) within 12 months of diagnosis. Average travel time to the nearest hospital providing prostatectomy or RT was 23.2 min by private car and 58.2 min by public transport. We found no association between travel time, either by car or public transport and the likelihood of receiving curative treatment. Patients living in the most socially deprived areas, those aged over 70, those with two or more comorbidities, and those of black ethnic origin, were less likely to receive curative treatment (p& =& 0.001 for all associations). CONCLUSIONS: The current configuration of national prostate cancer services is not associated with the likelihood of receiving curative treatment. Further increases in capacity will unlikely improve utilisation rates beyond addressing sociodemographic barriers

Are evidence-based guidelines translating into clinical practice? A national population-based study of the use of treatment intensification in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) in England.

International guidelines recommend treatment intensification combining docetaxel or androgen receptor pathway inhibitors with androgen deprivation therapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, evidence suggests underuse in many high-income countries. This study evaluates the use of treatment intensification in the English National Health Service (NHS) and explores patient and hospital-level factors associated with variation. All men diagnosed with mHSPC in England between January 2018 and December 2022 were identified through the national cancer registry. Treatment intensification within six months of diagnosis was assessed using hospital and systemic anti-cancer therapy data. Multilevel regression models explored associations between treatment intensification and sociodemographic factors including age, comorbidities, frailty, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, rurality, and year of diagnosis. Variation among the 47 specialist multidisciplinary teams (sMDTs), responsible for coordinating prostate cancer care in England, was also evaluated. Among 29,713 mHSPC patients, treatment intensification use was 39.0 %. Treatment intensification use decreased with age, comorbidities, frailty, socioeconomic deprivation, and among black patients (p always < 0.05). 59.8 % (n = 9184) of men aged 75 or younger had a record of treatment intensification, compared to only 16.8 % (n = 2404) of men older than 75. The use of treatment intensification across sMDTs ranged from 20.3 % to 53.7 %, with greater variation in older patients, particularly those older than 75. There is potential underuse of treatment intensification for mHSPC patients, particularly among older, black, and socioeconomically deprived patients. Significant variation in practice exists between specialist prostate cancer teams (sMDTs) nationally, especially in older populations, indicating that many patients may not receive optimal care

Biochemical Recurrence Surrogacy for Clinical Outcomes After Radiotherapy for Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate

PURPOSE: The surrogacy of biochemical recurrence (BCR) for overall survival (OS) in localized prostate cancer remains controversial. Herein, we evaluate the surrogacy of BCR using different surrogacy analytic methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Individual patient data from 11 trials evaluating radiotherapy dose escalation, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) use, and ADT prolongation were obtained. Surrogate candidacy was assessed using the Prentice criteria (including landmark analyses) and the two-stage meta-analytic approach (estimating Kendall's tau and the R2). Biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCRFS, time from random assignment to BCR or any death) and time to BCR (TTBCR, time from random assignment to BCR or cancer-specific deaths censoring for noncancer-related deaths) were assessed. RESULTS: Overall, 10,741 patients were included. Dose escalation, addition of short-term ADT, and prolongation of ADT duration significantly improved BCR (hazard ratio [HR], 0.71 [95% CI, 0.63 to 0.79]; HR, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.48 to 0.59]; and HR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.48 to 0.61], respectively). Adding short-term ADT (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.84 to 0.99]) and prolonging ADT (HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.78 to 0.94]) significantly improved OS, whereas dose escalation did not (HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.87 to 1.11]). BCR at 48 months was associated with inferior OS in all three groups (HR, 2.46 [95% CI, 2.08 to 2.92]; HR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.35 to 1.70]; and HR, 2.31 [95% CI, 2.04 to 2.61], respectively). However, after adjusting for BCR at 48 months, there was no significant treatment effect on OS (HR, 1.10 [95% CI, 0.96 to 1.27]; HR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.87 to 1.06] and 1.00 [95% CI, 0.90 to 1.12], respectively). The patient-level correlation (Kendall's tau) for BCRFS and OS ranged between 0.59 and 0.69, and that for TTBCR and OS ranged between 0.23 and 0.41. The R2 values for trial-level correlation of the treatment effect on BCRFS and TTBCR with that on OS were 0.563 and 0.160, respectively. CONCLUSION: BCRFS and TTBCR are prognostic but failed to satisfy all surrogacy criteria. Strength of correlation was greater when noncancer-related deaths were considered events.</p