Using remote substituents to control solution structure and anion binding in lanthanide complexes.

A study of the anion-binding properties of three structurally related lanthanide complexes, which all contain chemically identical anion-binding motifs, has revealed dramatic differences in their anion affinity. These arise as a consequence of changes in the substitution pattern on the periphery of the molecule, at a substantial distance from the binding pocket. Herein, we explore these remote substituent effects and explain the observed behaviour through discussion of the way in which remote substituents can influence and control the global structure of a molecule through their demands upon conformational space. Peripheral modifications to a binuclear lanthanide motif derived from α,α′-bis(DO3 Ayl)-m-xylene are shown to result in dramatic changes to the binding constant for isophthalate. In this system, the parent compound displays considerable conformational flexibility, yet can be assumed to bind to isophthalate through a well-defined conformer. Addition of steric bulk remote from the binding site restricts conformational mobility, giving rise to an increase in binding constant on entropic grounds as long as the ideal binding conformation is not excluded from the available range of conformers

Controlling energy transfer in ytterbium complexes: oxygen dependent lanthanide luminescence and singlet oxygen formation

Pyrene-appended ytterbium complexes have been prepared using Ugi reactions to vary the chromophore-lanthanide separation. Formation of the ytterbium(iii) excited state is sensitised via both the singlet and triplet excited states of the chromophore. Energy transfer from the latter is relatively slow, and gives rise to oxygen-dependent luminescence

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Using Remote Substituents to Control Solution Structure and Anion Binding in Lanthanide Complexes

A study of the anion-binding properties of three structurally related lanthanide complexes, which all contain chemically identical anion-binding motifs, has revealed dramatic differences in their anion affinity. These arise as a consequence of changes in the substitution pattern on the periphery of the molecule, at a substantial distance from the binding pocket. Herein, we explore these remote substituent effects and explain the observed behaviour through discussion of the way in which remote substituents can influence and control the global structure of a molecule through their demands upon conformational space. Peripheral modifications to a binuclear lanthanide motif derived from α,α′-bis(DO3 Ayl)-m-xylene are shown to result in dramatic changes to the binding constant for isophthalate. In this system, the parent compound displays considerable conformational flexibility, yet can be assumed to bind to isophthalate through a well-defined conformer. Addition of steric bulk remote from the binding site restricts conformational mobility, giving rise to an increase in binding constant on entropic grounds as long as the ideal binding conformation is not excluded from the available range of conformers

Measurements of jet multiplicity and differential production cross sections of Z+jets events in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7TeV

Measurements of differential cross sections are presented for the production of a Z boson and at least one hadronic jet in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV, recorded by the CMS detector, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb(-1). The jet multiplicity distribution is measured for up to six jets. The differential cross sections are measured as a function of jet transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for the four highest transverse momentum jets. The distribution of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta is also measured as a function of the jet multiplicity. The measurements are compared with theoretical predictions at leading and next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD.Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and EconomyAustrian Science FundBelgian Fonds de la Recherche ScientifiqueFonds voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Bulgarian Ministry of Education and ScienceCERNChinese Academy of SciencesMinistry of Science and TechnologyNational Natural ScienceFoundationofChinaColombian FundingAgency (COLCIENCIAS)Croatian Ministry of Science, Education, and SportCroatian Science FoundationResearch Promotion Foundation, CyprusMinistry of Education and Research, EstoniaEstonian Research Council, EstoniaEuropean Regional Development Fund, EstoniaAcademy of FinlandFinnish Ministry of Education and CultureHelsinki Institute of PhysicsInstitut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, FranceCommissariat a l&apos;Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, FranceBundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, GermanyDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, GermanyHelmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungs zentren, GermanyGeneral Secretariat for Research and Technology, GreeceNational Scientific Research Foundation, HungaryNational Innovation Office, HungaryDepartment of Atomic Energy, IndiaDepartment of Science and Technology, IndiaInstitute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, IranScience Foundation, IrelandIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, ItalyKorean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of KoreaWorld Class University program of NRF, Republic of KoreaLithuanian Academy of SciencesMinistry of Education, and University of Malaya (Malaysia)Mexican Funding Agency (CINVESTAV)Mexican Funding Agency (CONACYT)Mexican Funding Agency (SEP)Mexican Funding Agency (UASLP-FAI)Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New ZealandPakistan Atomic Energy CommissionMinistry of Science and Higher Education, PolandNational Science Centre, PolandFundacao para a Cienciaea Tecnologia, PortugalJINR, DubnaMinistry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationFederal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian FederationRussian Academy of SciencesRussian Foundation for Basic ResearchMinistry of Education, Science and Technological Development of SerbiaSecretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion and Programa Consolider-Ingenio, SpainSwiss Funding Agency (ETH Board)Swiss Funding Agency (ETH Zurich)Swiss Funding Agency (PSI)Swiss Funding Agency (SNF)Swiss Funding Agency (UniZH)Swiss Funding Agency (Canton Zurich)Swiss Funding Agency (SER)Ministry of Science and Technology, TaipeiThailand Center of Excellence in PhysicsInstitute for the Promotion of Teaching Science andTechnologyofThailandSpecialTaskForceforActivating ResearchNational Science and Technology Development Agency of ThailandScientific and Technical Research Council of TurkeyTurkish Atomic Energy AuthorityNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, UkraineState Fund for Fundamental Researches, UkraineScience and Technology Facilities Council, United KingdomU.S. Department of EnergyU.S. National Science FoundationMarie Curie programEuropean Research CouncilEPLANET (European Union)Leventis FoundationA. P. Sloan FoundationAlexander von Humboldt FoundationBelgian Federal Science Policy OfficeFonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l&apos;Industrie et dans l&apos;Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium)Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium)Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech RepublicCouncil ofScienceandIndustrialResearch, IndiaHOMINGPLUS program of Foundation for Polish ScienceEuropean UnionRegional Development FundCompagnia di San Paolo (Torino)Consorzio per la Fisica (Trieste)MIUR (Italy)Thalis and Aristeia programsEU-ESFGreekNSRFNationalPrioritiesResearchProgram by Qatar National Research FundYerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, ArmeniaInst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, AustriaNatl Ctr Particle &High Energy Phys, Minsk, ByelarusUniv Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumVrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumUniv Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, BelgiumUniv Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumCatholic Univ Louvain, Louvain La Neuve, BelgiumUniv Mons, B-7000 Mons, 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TurkeyMimar Sinan Univ, Istanbul, TurkeyUniv Southampton, Sch Phys &Astron, Southampton, Hants, EnglandArgonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USAErzincan Univ, Erzincan, TurkeyYildiz Tekn Univ, Istanbul, TurkeyTexas A&amp;M Univ, Doha, QatarUniv Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Física Teórica (IFT), Sao Paulo, BrazilEstonian Research Council, Estonia: IUT23-4Estonian Research Council, Estonia: IUT23-6MIUR (Italy): 20108T4XT

Measurement of associated W plus charm production in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe