Bacon on metal, situations, objects, and architectural connotation

An architecture must be developed that understands its inherent capabilities and limitations to communicate to its public audience through architectural connotation--architecture that is conscious of its implicit meaning--such is the goal of this thesis. Semiotics, visual art, and architecture (theoretical and built) provide a framework that permit an analysis of architectural connotation. Semiotic terminology including, sign, denotation and connotation, are translated to architecturally relevant terms. Works from the visual arts and architecture serve as examples of how connotation applied to the consumption of buildings and art. Architectural theory provides a basis for a definition of architecture and building that establishes the body as the 'site of reception' of architecture. In turn buildings are examined as a series of 'architectural objects': situation, surface, massing, space, program, event, and body. It is through a methodical re-composition of these elements into critical relationships that permits the production of architectural connotation--in theoretical and built contexts. These theoretical propositions are then explored in a series of visual experiments. Through collage and computer animation the architectural objects and their relevance to communication are further clarified. In conjunction with these experiments a point form text entitled the connotation cookbook is developed as a portable theoretical precis of the investigation. The primary intention of the cookbook is to provide a resource for the production of architecture that is interested in communicating to a diverse multi-cultural society. The ideas presented in the visual experiments and the connotation cookbook are then implemented in the design of a 15 story tall, 1 block large, multiple program building entitled the Offidential-Restactory. This investigation provides a comprehensive examination of how architecture is capable of communicating and carries it through from theory to building. (Abstract shortened by UMI.

Hagedorn wavepackets in time-frequency and phase space

The Hermite functions are an orthonormalbasis of the space of square integrable functions with favourable approximation properties. Allowing for a flexible localization in position and momentum, the Hagedorn wavepackets generalize the Hermite functions also to several dimensions. Using Hagedorn's raising and lowering operators, we derive explicit formulas and recurrence relations for the Wigner and FBI transform of the wavepackets and show their relation to the Laguerre polyomials

Does laparoscopic donor nephrectomy put pediatric recipients at risk?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72631/1/j.1399-3046.2008.00949.x.pd

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Experience from an optional dissection course in a clinically‐orientated concept to complement system‐based anatomy in a reformed curriculum

Profound anatomical knowledge is the basis for modern demands in medicine and surgery, but many countries worldwide including Australia and New Zealand have discontinued offering dissection courses to medical and dental students during the past decades. This educational project done in Australia aimed at enhancing basic and advanced anatomy teaching by engaging a sub-group of second-year undergraduate students of a compulsory prosection- and model-based anatomy course (n = 54/170) in an optional multimodal course, which should easily articulate with a vertical curriculum. With topographical cadaver dissections as core, peer student-teams prepared and peer-assessed anatomy lectures based on clinical topics, which were rated highly by the peers and teachers. Anatomical knowledge was tested by quizzes and a multiple-choice examination. Individual dissection skills were self- and teacher-assessed. A final course grade was assigned based on these assessments. The grades in the system-based compulsory course achieved by the attendees of the paralleling dissection course were compared with their peers attending other optional courses. After beginning of the semester, the students in the dissection course performed similar, significantly (P < 0.005) improved during the semester (78.5% vs. 69.9%, 70.1% vs. 64.1%), but in the integrated (including anatomy, biochemistry, physiology) final examination at the end of the year only tended to higher scores. As assessed through interviews and a voluntary questionnaire, all students of the optional dissection course liked these activities, which enhanced their learning experience. Thus, this concept elegantly integrates anatomical dissection with modern teaching demands and is feasible for implementation in modernized curricula

Optimal control theory - closing the gap between theory and experiment

Optimal control theory and optimal control experiments are state-of-the-art tools to control quantum systems. Both methods have been demonstrated successfully for numerous applications in molecular physics, chemistry and biology. Modulated light pulses could be realized, driving these various control processes. Next to the control efficiency, a key issue is the understanding of the control mechanism. An obvious way is to seek support from theory. However, the underlying search strategies in theory and experiment towards the optimal laser field differ. While the optimal control theory operates in the time domain, optimal control experiments optimize the laser fields in the frequency domain. This also implies that both search procedures experience a different bias and follow different pathways on the search landscape. In this perspective we review our recent developments in optimal control theory and their applications. Especially, we focus on approaches, which close the gap between theory and experiment. To this extent we followed two ways. One uses sophisticated optimization algorithms, which enhance the capabilities of optimal control experiments. The other is to extend and modify the optimal control theory formalism in order to mimic the experimental conditions