Dataset for the reporting of carcinoma of renal tubular origin:recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR)

AIMS The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR) has provided detailed datasets based upon the published reporting protocols of the Royal College of Pathologists, The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia and the College of American Pathologists. METHODS AND RESULTS The dataset for carcinomas of renal tubular origin treated by nephrectomy was developed to provide a minimum structured reporting template suitable for international use and incorporated recommendations from the 2012 Vancouver Consensus Conference of the International Society of Urological Pathology and the fourth edition of the World Health Organization Bluebook on tumours of the urinary and male genital systems published in 2016. Reporting elements were divided into those, which are Required and Recommended components of the report. Required elements are; specimen laterality, operative procedure, attached structures, tumour focality, tumour dimension, tumour type, WHO/ISUP grade, sarcomatoid/rhabdoid morphology, tumour necrosis, extent of invasion, lymph node status, surgical margin status, AJCC TNM staging and co-existing pathology. Recommended reporting elements are; pre-operative treatment, details of tissue removed for experimental purposes prior to submission, site of tumour(s) block identification key, extent of sarcomatoid and/or rhabdoid component, extent of necrosis, presence of tumour in renal vein wall, lymphovascular invasion and lymph node status (size of largest focus and extranodal extension). CONCLUSIONS It is anticipated that the implementation of this dataset in routine clinical practise will inform patient treatment as well as provide standardized information relating to outcome prediction. The harmonisation of data reporting should also facilitate international research collaborations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Hydrothermal synthesis of hematite (Fe2O3) nanoparticles, structure, morphology and magnetic properties

У овој докторској дисертацији описана је хидротермална синтеза наночестичног хематита (α-Fe2O3), као и карактеризација материјала, у сврху његове потенцијалне примене у различитим областима. Синтетисани узорци су карактерисани ренгеноструктурном анализом (XRDP), електронском микроскопијом (SEM и TEM), магнетометријом са вибрирајућим узорком (VSM) и вибрационом спектроскопијом (FTIR и Raman). Извршена је и математичка анализа морфологија честица, применом дескриптора облика на одабране ТЕМ слике узорака...This doctoral dissertation presented hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles, towards potential applications in differrent fields. Synthesized sample were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction method (XRDP). electrone microscopy (SEM and TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and vibrational spectroscopy methods (FTIR and Raman). Mathematical analysis of nanoparticle morphology was also conducted, applying shape descriptors on segmented TEM sample images..

Staging of Prostate Cancer Using Automatic Feature Selection, Sampling and Dempster-Shafer Fusion

A novel technique of automatically selecting the best pairs of features and sampling techniques to predict the stage of prostate cancer is proposed in this study. The problem of class imbalance, which is prominent in most medical data sets is also addressed here. Three feature subsets obtained by the use of principal components analysis (PCA), genetic algorithm (GA) and rough sets (RS) based approaches were also used in the study. The performance of under-sampling, synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) and a combination of the two were also investigated and the performance of the obtained models was compared. To combine the classifier outputs, we used the Dempster-Shafer (DS) theory, whereas the actual choice of combined models was made using a GA. We found that the best performance for the overall system resulted from the use of under sampled data combined with rough sets based features modeled as a support vector machine (SVM)

A distinctive, low-grade oncocytic fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma, morphologically reminiscent of succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma.

AIMS: Fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a high-grade, aggressive tubulopapillary carcinoma, arising predominantly in the setting of the hereditary leiomyomatosis-RCC syndrome of familial uterocutaneous leiomyomatosis and deficiency of FH. In contrast, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient RCC is a lower-grade oncocytic carcinoma with cytoplasmic flocculence/vacuolation and inclusions, arising mostly in individuals harbouring germline mutations of subunit B of the SDH complex (SDHB). Herein we aim to report the clinicopathologic features of a novel form of FH-deficient RCC showing a low grade oncocytic morphology, reminiscent of SDH-deficient RCC. METHODS AND RESULTS: These distinctive, low-grade oncocytic neoplasms, with solid, nested and focally tubular architecture (2-90 mm), arose in four males (aged 11-41 years). Uniform cytology of polygonal cells, with flocculent, vacuolated eosinophilic cytoplasm with scattered inclusions, fine chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli, was apparent. Despite these features suggestive of SDH-deficient RCC, each tumour was confirmed as an FH-deficient carcinoma with retained SDHB expression. One case showed a synchronous, anatomically separate, typical high-grade FH-deficient RCC; one other showed such a tumour at nephrectomy 4 years later. No progression has been noted at 3 and 7 years in the cases with only the SDH-like lesions; the two cases with separate, typical FH-deficient RCCs progressed. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we characterize a novel oncocytic type of FH-deficient RCC with a striking resemblance to SDH-deficient RCC, posing a diagnostic challenge and raising concerns about sampling and multifocality for syndrome-associated cases under surveillance protocols

STAKEHOLDERS’ READINESS FOR ADOPTING BLOCKCHAIN IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY

This paper examines the current state of readiness among stakeholders in the fashion industry regarding the adoption of blockchain technology. The main aim of the research paper is to assess the industry's preparedness and identify potential barriers and opportunities associated with implementing blockchain solutions. Recognizing the need for additional investigation in this domain, the paper presents a model that addresses pertinent questions related to blockchain technology. The research focuses on exploring the advantages that blockchain technology can bring to the fashion industry's supply chain. Furthermore, the research paper emphasizes the significance of evaluating stakeholders' readiness levels for embracing blockchain technology. By utilizing the proposed model, the findings of the research paper are examined and analyzed. The paper presents a novel business model specifically designed for implementing blockchain in the fashion industry. The proposed model aims to facilitate the adoption of blockchain technology in the industry's supply chain. To evaluate the readiness of fashion industry stakeholders to adopt blockchain, the research paper employs the TOE model. The collected data from stakeholders will be subjected to analysis using the PLS-SEM with the assistance of the SmartPLS software tool. By utilizing the TOE model and employing rigorous analytical techniques, this research paper intends to provide insights into the readiness of stakeholders in the fashion industry for blockchain adoption. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to understanding blockchain technology in the fashion industry and pave the way for its successful implementation in the supply chain

Фотодиелектрична карактеризација светлосног погона Au/TiO2 наномотори у течном медију

This article reports on photodielectric properties of hydrocolloids of TiO2 particles and Au/TiO2 hybrid particles of lateral dimension of ∼200 nm. Illumination of the colloids with visible light did not cause measurable changes in their electrical conductivity, while the application of UV (365 nm) light led to photoinduced increase in conductivity of up to 2%. The photogeneration of ions in water, regardless of the presence of the particles, makes a dominant contribution to the photoinduced increase in conductivity of the colloid

The calcification of collagen by HAP functionalized carbon materials

Bone is composed of two phases. The organic phase is made of collagen fibrils assembled in broad fibers acting as a template for mineralization. The mineral phase comprises hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals grown between and inside the collagen fibers. We have developed a material using functionalized carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers and glasy carbon as scaffold to initiate in vitro mineralization. Mentioned carbon materials are functionalized with carboxylic groups prior to decorating. All samples were dispersed in ultra-pure water and incubated for 2 weeks in a synthetic body fluid with dispersed HAP, in order to induce the calcification of the functionalized carbon materials. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmision electron microscopy (TEM) showed that Ca2+ and PO4 3- ions were deposited as round-shaped nodules. Raman spectroscopic studies confirmed the HAP formation, and image analysis made on TEM pictures showed that HAP were packed around and inside the carbon materials together. All three types of investigated carbon materials leading to successful calcification of collagen. This suggests that it takes the presence of carbon materials to prevent it from calcification of collagen, independent of the structures of the material

Machine Learning Integrating ^99mTc Sestamibi SPECT/CT and Radiomics Data Achieves Optimal Characterization of Renal Oncocytic Tumors

The increasing evidence of oncocytic renal tumors positive in 99mTc Sestamibi Single Photon Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) examination calls for the development of diagnostic tools to differentiate these tumors from more aggressive forms. This study combined radiomics analysis with the uptake of 99mTc Sestamibi on SPECT/CT to differentiate benign renal oncocytic neoplasms from renal cell carcinoma. A total of 57 renal tumors were prospectively collected. Histopathological analysis and radiomics data extraction were performed. XGBoost classifiers were trained using the radiomics features alone and combined with the results from the visual evaluation of 99mTc Sestamibi SPECT/CT examination. The combined SPECT/radiomics model achieved higher accuracy (95%) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 98.3% (95% CI 93.7–100%) than the radiomics-only model (71.67%) with an AUC of 75% (95% CI 49.7–100%) and visual evaluation of 99mTc Sestamibi SPECT/CT alone (90.8%) with an AUC of 90.8% (95%CI 82.5–99.1%). The positive predictive values of SPECT/radiomics, radiomics-only, and 99mTc Sestamibi SPECT/CT-only models were 100%, 85.71%, and 85%, respectively, whereas the negative predictive values were 85.71%, 55.56%, and 94.6%, respectively. Feature importance analysis revealed that 99mTc Sestamibi uptake was the most influential attribute in the combined model. This study highlights the potential of combining radiomics analysis with 99mTc Sestamibi SPECT/CT to improve the preoperative characterization of benign renal oncocytic neoplasms. The proposed SPECT/radiomics classifier outperformed the visual evaluation of 99mTc Sestamibii SPECT/CT and the radiomics-only model, demonstrating that the integration of 99mTc Sestamibi SPECT/CT and radiomics data provides improved diagnostic performance, with minimal false positive and false negative results