“Sounds good, but… what is it?” an introduction to outcome measurement from a music therapy perspective

“Sounds good, but… what is it?” This is a common reaction to outcome measurement by music therapy practitioners and researchers who are less familiar with its meanings and practices. Given the prevailing evidence-based practice movement, outcome measurement does ‘sound good’. Some practitioners and researchers, however, have a limited or unclear understanding of what outcome measurement includes; particularly with respect to outcome measures and related terminology around their use. Responding to the “what is it?” question, this article provides an introduction to such terminology. It explores what outcome measures are and outlines characteristics related to their forms, uses and selection criteria. While pointing to some debates regarding outcome measurement, including its philosophical underpinnings, this introduction seeks to offer a useful platform for a critical and contextual understanding of the potential use of outcome measures in music therapy

Understanding the present, re-visioning the future: An initial mapping of music therapists in the United Kingdom

BAM

The Impact Areas Questionnaire (IAQ): A Music Therapy Service Evaluation Tool

Service evaluation is a professional requirement for music therapy practitioners and organisations. Yet service evaluation findings are rarely published within the professional literature, and there is limited documentation of the processes and methods of such evaluations, including the rationale, dilemmas, and challenges encountered. This is perhaps due to the perceived status, methodological weaknesses, and context-specificity of service evaluation work. Drawing on our engagement with service evaluation in diverse settings, we have become aware of its potential beyond its typical current uses in the field as well as of the need for open discussion and debate about the service evaluation tools that are available. This is where the aim of this paper lies: to introduce a service evaluation tool, the Impact Areas Questionnaire (IAQ), alongside the studies that led to its construction. Developed originally through a review of 27 individually designed service evaluation projects, this questionnaire contains a number of different impact areas. Adopting an ecological perspective, these areas refer to music therapy’s perceived impact not only on service users, but also on families/carers/friends, staff, and the organisational context in its entirety. Following its original development within Nordoff Robbins England and Wales, this questionnaire was tested in the context of Nordoff Robbins Scotland with the aim of exploring its applicability and transferability to other music therapy settings. In addition to presenting the findings of this testing, we discuss the potential use of the IAQ, which is included as an appendix to this article, in other settings and its relevance for knowledge and policy making in the field

Interdisciplinary dialogues in music, health and wellbeing: Difficulties, challenges and pitfalls

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Music therapy: Evaluation of staff perceptions at St Christopher's Hospice

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Evaluating music therapy in adult mental health services: Tuning into service user perspectives

Many statutory mental health services worldwide have adopted a recovery-oriented rhetoric. These acknowledge that those who use mental health services have acquired valuable expertise through their contact with services and that such expertise should be used to inform health provision. The focus of this study was to tune into the perspectives of adult service users who have attended music therapy in statutory mental health services in Ireland. This aimed to furnish holistic descriptions of practice so as to augment existing understanding of what may be afforded to those who attend music therapy sessions. Six service users participated in semi-structured interviews in which they described their lived experience of attending music therapy sessions. Interview transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Six common themes were found across each of the six participant cases. These included \u27Music therapy offers an opportunity to be meaningfully occupied\u27, \u27Involvement in music therapy can pose challenges\u27, \u27Music therapy offers an agreeable process\u27, \u27Group music therapy fosters reciprocity\u27, \u27Music therapy is flexible and adaptable\u27 and \u27Lack of musical instruction can cause frustration\u27. Findings relating to meaningful occupation, challenge, reciprocity and frustration broaden understanding of what music therapy can offer to service users in mental health provision. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved