BUDGET PERSPECTIVES 2021, PAPER 1, April 2020. THE POTENTIAL COSTS AND DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT OF COVID-19. RELATED EMPLOYMENT IN IRELAND

This paper simulates the impact that Covid-19 related job losses will have on family incomes and the public finances. It finds that in the central ‘medium’ unemployment scenario of 600,000 job losses, around 400,000 families will see their disposable income fall by more than 20 per cent in the absence of policy changes, with proportionately larger losses for those in higher income families. Measures announced by the Government – notably the flat-rate Pandemic Unemployment Payment of €350 per week – reduce the numbers exposed to such extreme losses by about a third, but at significant cost to the Exchequer. The paper also finds that the additional cost of the Government’s Temporary Wage Subsidy Scheme may be minimal, in part because its current design is less generous to lower earners than the Pandemic Unemployment Payment they would receive if laid off

Deteksi Porfirin Besi Pada Pakan Darah Nyamuk Liar Antropofilik Menggunakan Uji Benzidine

: The existence of human blood in mosquito\u27s bloodmeal is the characteristic of mosquitoes that bite humans (anthrophophilic). Anthropophilic is one of the indicator to determine the vectorial competence to assess effective and efficient vector. The anthropophilic characteristic was measured by detection of human blood using precipitin test. Benzidine test can be used to detection iron porphyrin through oxidation reaction and catalyzed by hemoglobin as peroxidase enzyme. Heme detection of mosquitoe\u27s bloodmeal using benzidine in Indonesia has not been reported yet. This study was aimed to obtain the effectiveness of benzidine test to detection human blood in antrophophilic mosquito\u27s bloodmeal. The mosquitoes were collected using human bait and sweeping collection technique at morning (06:00-09:00), afternoon (15:00-18:00), and in the night (20:00-00:00), and then determine by benzidine test. The results showed that from the collected mosquitoes there were 158 female mosquitoes of Aedes spp and Culex spp. The benzidine test showed 155 female mosquitoes showed discoloration on the indicator and 3 female mosquitoes did not. Conclusion: Benzidine test was effective to detection human blood from the mosquito\u27s bloodmeal to determine anthrophophilic mosquitoes

Kecacingan Usus Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Di Tanawangko Kecamatan Tombariri Kabupaten Minahasa

: Helminth is one of the most commonly infected parasites in human. According to WHO, more than 1,5 billions of people around the world are infected by helminthes. The highest number of helminthiasis cases is of school age children. This study was aimed to obtain the helminthiasis cases in students of elementary schools at Tanawangko Minahasa and to identify the types of helmiths. This was a descriptive study. Feces samples from the students were kept in feces pot and then were examined microscopically. The results showed that of the 118 feces samples there were five samples (4.3%) which were positively infected by helminth, Ascaris lumbricoides

Peranan Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian Malaria Di Kecamatan Silian Raya Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara

: Malaria, an infectious disease, is still an issue for public health world-wide, including in Indonesia. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium Sp. which is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. Southeast Minahasa Regency has high malaria rate. This study aimed to know the role of the environment on the incidence of malaria in Silian Raya subdistrict, Southeast Minahasa regency. This was a descriptive survey. The population was the community in Silian Raya subdistrict, Southeast Minahasa regency with 194 respondents. The results showed that people in Silian Raya subdistrict mostly live around swamps, rice paddies, and rivers. This study also showed that only a few people of Silian Raya subdistrict who had pets, and fish ponds around their houses

Peran Sarana Pelayanan Kesehatan Terhadap Kejadian Malaria Di Kecamatan Silian Raya Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara

: The problem of public health, especially in developing coutries such as Indonesia, is based on the physical aspects such as health facilities, the treatment of disease, and non physical aspects related to the health problem. Malaria is still a public health problem because it often creates exrtraordinary events, which has great impact on quality on life and economy, and may result death. The main keys of reducing the incidence of malaria especially in high endemic areas are prevention and treatment. This study aimed to determine the role of health care facilities on the incidence of malaria in Silian Raya sub-district of Southheast Minahasa district. This was a descriptive survey study. The population was the community in Silian Raya sub-district of Southeast Minahasa district with total samples 194 respondents. The results showed that the counseling done by health workers was at the most 2 times (39.2%). Spraying insecticide by health workers was 1 time (41.8%). People that used the available health care facilities in Silian Raya sub-district, the health center, were 51.0%

Hubungan Supervisi Kepala Ruangan dengan Kepuasan Perawat Pelaksana di RSUD Liunkendage Tahuna

Supervision is an act of direct observations and periodically by the supervisor of the work performed by subordinates and then if there are any problems, immediately given guidance or assistance that is directly in order to cope. Satisfaction is a person's emotional response to the work he does. Job satisfaction is also inseparable from the role of the various parties, and one of them is the role of supervision. Aim for the head room supervision relationship is known to nurse satisfaction in hospitals implementing Liunkendage Tahuna. The study design is observational analytic cross-sectional approach. The population of the entire nurse practitioner working in eight wards in hospitals Liunkendage Tahuna. Sampling using purposive sampling. Data processed through the analysis of univariate and bivariate Chi Square. The results obtained by the analysis of the probability (p) = 0.001 <α (0.05). Conclusion, the relationship supervision chief nurse executive room with satisfaction. Advice, For the hospital in order to make improvements to the quality of head room to be included in the training and special education for the head of the room