Особенности управления трансформационными процессами социально-экономических систем

In the 21st century, the main trend in the development of society is widespread digitalization. It arose due to the emergence of the Internet and the rapid development of electronic computers. The influence of digitalization determines the scientific relevance of the research. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to reveal features of socio-economic systems’ transformation processes management at each stage of evolution. To achieve this goal the following tasks have been solved: - A qualitative scheme for changing the structure of the world economy under the influence of industrial revolutions has been presented; - The approach to socio-economic systems’ transformation processes management from the society typologization standpoint has been systematized; - The essence of the crypto economy as a particular case of digital society has been revealed. Results.1. An aggregated typology of socio-economic systems’ transformation development in the conditions of digital society has been constructed. 2. An improved scheme of changes in the structure of the world economy under the supervision of industrial revolutions has been constructed.3. The main theories of socio-economic systems’ transformation management have been considered.4. The characteristic features of socio-economic systems’ management have been revealed.5. A detailed classification of socio-economic systems’ transformation processes management from the position of society typologization has been proposed.6. The essence of digital society has been disclosed and its categories have been substantiated. Conclusions/Relevance. Today socio-economic systems’ transformation processes management in the conditions of digitalization and widespread change in business processes is a pressing challenge. New business models that take into account digitalization will discredit modern approaches to management and business. The need for cognitive communication between people has always existed, and ubiquitous digitalization reduces the time of communication between people and consumer behavior, which allows highlighting the following types of economies: digital economy, virtual economy, sharing economy, crypto economy.En el siglo XXI, la tendencia principal en el desarrollo de la sociedad es la digitalización generalizada, que surgió debido al advenimiento de Internet y al rápido desarrollo de las computadoras (computadoras electrónicas). Bajo la influencia de la digitalización, la gestión de los procesos de transformación del sistema socioeconómico determina la relevancia del tema de investigación elegido. Propósito El objetivo del estudio es revelar las características de la gestión de los procesos de transformación de los sistemas socioeconómicos en cada etapa de la evolución. Para lograr este objetivo, se resolvieron las siguientes tareas: -Se presenta un esquema cualitativo para cambiar la estructura de la economía mundial bajo la influencia de las revoluciones industriales; - Un enfoque sistemático para la gestión de los procesos de transformación de los sistemas socioeconómicos desde el punto de vista de la tipología de la sociedad; - Se revela la esencia de la criptoeconomía, como un caso especial de una sociedad digital. Los resultados del estudio: 1. Se construye una tipología agregada del desarrollo de la transformación de los sistemas socioeconómicos, teniendo en cuenta la sociedad digital. 2. Mejorado el patrón de cambio de la estructura de la economía mundial bajo la influencia de las revoluciones industriales. 3. Se consideran las teorías básicas de transformación de la gestión de los sistemas socioeconómicos. 4. Se revelan los rasgos característicos de la gestión de los sistemas socioeconómicos. 5. Se propone una clasificación detallada de la gestión de los procesos de transformación de los sistemas socioeconómicos desde el punto de vista de la tipología de la sociedad. 6. Se revela la esencia de la sociedad digital y se confirman sus categorías. Conclusiones / relevancia. La gestión de los procesos de transformación en los sistemas socioeconómicos bajo la influencia de la digitalización y el cambio generalizado en los procesos comerciales es un desafío urgente de nuestro tiempo. Los nuevos modelos de negocio, teniendo en cuenta la digitalización, desacreditarán los enfoques modernos para gestionar y realizar negocios. La necesidad de comunicación cognitiva de las personas siempre ha sido, y bajo la influencia de la digitalización ubicua reduce el tiempo de comunicación entre las personas y el comportamiento del consumidor (con el desarrollo de plataformas digitales), lo que ha llevado a distinguir los siguientes tipos de economía (economía digital; economía virtual: economía de consumo compartido; criptoeconomía).в 21 веке основным трендом развития общества является повсеместная цифровизация, которая возникла благодаря возникновению интернета и стремительному развитию ЭВМ (электронно-вычислительных машин). Под воздействием цифровизации управление трансформационными процессами социально-экономической системы обуславливают актуальность выбранной темы исследования.Цель.Целью исследования является раскрытие особенностей управления трансформационными процессами социально-экономических систем на каждом этапе эволюции.Для достижения поставленной цели решены следующие задачи:  – представлена качественная схема изменения структуры мировой экономики под влиянием промышленных революций;– систематизирован подход к управлению трансформационными процессами социально-экономических систем с позиции типологизации общества;– раскрыта сущность криптоэкономики, как частного случая цифрового общества.Результаты исследования:1. Построена агрегированная типология развития трансформации социально-экономических систем с учетом цифрового общества.2. Улучшена схема изменения структуры мировой экономики под влиянием промышленных революций.3. Рассмотрены основные теории трансформации управления социально-экономических систем.4. Раскрыты характерные признаки управления социально-экономическими системами.5. Предложена развернутая классификация управления трансформационными процессами социально-экономических систем с позиции типологизации общества.6. Раскрыта сущность цифрового общества и обоснованы его категории.Выводы / значимость. Управление трансформационными процессами в социально-экономических системах под воздействием цифровизации и повсеместным изменением бизнес-процессов является актуальным вызовом современности. Новые бизнес-модели с учетом цифровизации будут дискредитировать современные подходы к управлению и ведению бизнеса. Потребность в когнитивной коммуникации людей всегда была, а под воздействием повсеместной цифровизации сокращает время коммуникации между людьми и потребительским поведением (с развитием цифровых платформ), что породило выделить следующие виды экономики (цифровая экономика; виртуальная экономика: экономика совместного потребления; криптоэкономика)

A study of students' perspectives on the application of artificial intelligence in medicine

Artificial intelligence and its related technologies are becoming increasingly prevalent in business and society, and they are beginning to be used in healthcare. These technologies have the potential to transform many aspects of medicine, patient care, and administrative processes.Aim: The aim of this scientific study is to analyze the opinions of students from the Medical University of Varna regarding the application of artificial intelligence in medicine.Materials and Methods: Documentary analysis of available literature and a direct anonymous survey conducted from February to April 2024.Conclusions and Results: The study shows that more than half of the students (62%) use artificial intelligence in their daily lives, with a significant portion of them (42%) using it several times a week. However, 23% of respondents do not use these technologies at all, highlighting a divide in the degree of acceptance and usage. Respondents identify the field of laboratory analysis as the most necessary for training and working with AI. More than two-thirds of them are willing to work with AI in their medical practice but express concerns about barriers such as lack of training, computer literacy, and time. Additionally, significant barriers to communication through AI are particularly analyzed between the medical team and the patient's relatives, underscoring the need to build trust in innovative technologies in a clinical setting.In conclusion, artificial intelligence promises to change the way healthcare operates by offering new opportunities to improve patient care and the efficiency of medical processes. However, to fully utilize its potential, issues related to ethics, training, and regulations need to be addressed

Entrepreneurial activity and family business in the period of reformation of the Russian legislation

Many sciences meet in the study of family business as a real phenomenon. Despite the fact that in most countries of the world, family business is a rather widespread and highly demanded legal phenomenon, in Russia family business is realized not so often and for the most part, remains strange for an ordinary entrepreneur. Family business in Russia seems to be a phenomenon that is not studied completely but requires special attention. Objective of the research: determination of the essence and main tendencies of the development of legal regulation of the entrepreneurial activity and family business in the period of reformation of the Russian legislation. This scientific research applied a dialectical method of cognition of legal processes and phenomena, used the general scientific methods of scientific cognition of the legal essence of entrepreneurial activity and family business, in particular, a historical method, a method of synthesis, analogy, formal logics, and also specific scientific methods of research of family business and business processes in the post-reform period. Results and novelty: Family business shall be a systemic element that connects the state with small and medium businesses. The introduction of such a form of business activity (family business) shall eliminate the problems and defects of legal regulation of issues arising when business is carried out by family members. It seems necessary to consider the entrepreneurial activity and family business as individual economic and legal phenomena and a grounding of family business as an independent complex legal institution. It is offered to specify the family (spouse) business as a legal entity in the law. Such changes are directed to the efficient legal regulation and establishment of economic conditions for strengthening of family business and development of the family as a social and economic community. The features of the special legal regime of the entrepreneurial activity of spouses are revealed

The role of perennial grasses in creating a sustainable feed base by conveyor use

Currently, the most urgent task in improving the industry of feed production is the creation of green and raw materials conveyors, which will allow an uninterrupted supply of vegetable raw materials from early spring to late autumn for feeding farm animals and preparing high-quality feed. The research has shown that the most optimal time for mowing alfalfaclover-cereals mixtures with high fodder values is the budding phase - the start of flowering of legume grasses in the conveyor system with 10.6-15.2% of raw protein content in the crop. It was noted that the cultivation of meadow clover varieties of various ripening time mixed with a wide range of alfalfa and cereal grasses lead to the decrease in the effect of unfavorable weather conditions and to 15-20% increase in grass mixtures productivity. The article presents recommendations for the extension of the productive longevity of grass stands up to five years using mixtures with different ripening varieties of meadow clover and alfalfa with grass components of a new generation with productivity up to 32.8 t / ha of green mass.  According to the field test of 2013-2017, the article provides data on the green mass productivity of alfalfa-clover-cereals grass stands with the addition of early ripening varieties of grasses, which for two mowings averaged 29.4 t / ha in 2013-2014 and 30.1 t / ha in 2015-2017.  The methods of creating and using grass mixtures have been indicated, the best time for mowing has been defined by conveyor use of them in the Upper Volga region. The scheme of the green and raw materials conveyor with the use of differently ripening grass mixtures, consisting of new species and varieties of forage grasses of different periods of ripening, is given. It has been established that the use of legume-grass mixtures allows to obtain high-quality raw material for the production of bulk feed within 110-120 days, which acts as the way to increase the efficiency of fodder production. An expanded range of fodder grasses creates the conditions for improving the sustainability of fodder production in less dependence on extreme weather conditions

The development of Kondratieff’s theory of long waves: the place of the AI economy humanization in the ‘competencies-innovations-markets’ model

The motivation to conduct this study is related to the uncertainty of the impact of the AI economy on the economic cycle and the need to unlock the potential of Industry 4.0 in stabilizing the global economic system amid a series of crises. The article discusses the fundamental issues of the emergence of a new theory related to the evolution of Kondratieff waves in the context of modern drivers of long-term economic development (MANBRIC technologies), taking into account the acceleration of the development of innovations and competencies. The spiraling dynamics of the co-development of competencies and the expansion of new markets are shown, which makes it possible to transform the decline phase of the Kondratieff wave into a similar linear process of maintaining economic growth rates close to the existing ones. As a result, based on the authors’ model “competencies-innovations-markets”, it is proved that subject to humanization, the AI economy allows the reduction of the cyclical nature of the world economic system. The main idea of the article is to smooth out Kondratieff’s long waves due to the humanization of the AI economy. © 2023, The Author(s).RUDN UniversityThis paper has been supported by the RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program

Анализ развития и регулирования криптовалют: зарубежный и российский опыт

Purpose: carrying out the analysis of the regulation of the crypto-currency, its legal provisions and risks, which will allow us to study this phenomenon more deeply for the purpose of Russia's financial security in the modern world financial system, taking into account the essence of the nature of the crypto-currency. Methods: when studying the role of state regulation of electronic money (crypto-currency), a dialectical method of scientific cognition was applied. Calculating and analytical methods of observing, measuring, analyzing and comparing indicators characterizing the state regulation of crypto-currencies in the Russian Federation, strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats to use and regulate crypto currency. Results: the authors conducted the analysis of the crypto-currency market, studied the experience and peculiarities of the state regulation of the crypto-currencies, examined and proposed strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats to use and regulate crypto-currencies. Conclusions and Relevance: in the process of studying the experience of regulating crypto currency in foreign countries, we found some similar features. First, each country seeks to create a favorable climate for the development of new technologies (detached) and sees a high potential for using technology not only in the private sector, but also in the public sector. Secondly, the crypto-currency market is growing at a high pace, and the state, without adapting the tax code to the modern challenges of the digital economy, receives less revenue in the budget, since the crypto-currencies are out of legal jurisdiction. Thirdly, today there are more than 1 thousand different crypto-currencies, therefore, it is necessary to develop common standards for the regulation of crypto-currencies. Цель: Проведение анализа регулирования криптовалют, его правового обеспечения и рисков, что позволит более глубоко исследовать данный феномен в целях финансовой безопасности России в современной мировой финансовой системе, учитывая сущность природы криптовалют. Методология проведения работы: При исследовании роли государственного регулирования электронных денег (криптовалют) был применен диалектический метод научного познания. Также использованы расчетно-аналитические методы наблюдения, измерения, анализа и сравнения показателей, характеризующих государственное регулирование криптовалют в Российской Федерации, сильные и слабые стороны, возможности и угроз использования и регулирования криптовалют. Результаты работы: Авторами проведен анализ рынка криптовалют, изучен опыт и особенности государственного регулирования криптовалют, рассмотрены и предложены сильные и слабые стороны, возможности и угрозы использования и регулирования криптовалют. Выводы: В процессе исследования опыта регулирования криптовалют в зарубежных странах мы нашли некие схожие черты. Во-первых, каждая страна стремится создать благоприятный климат развития новейших технологий (блокчейн) и видит высокий потенциал использования технологии не только в частном, но и государственном секторе. Во-вторых, рынок криптовалют растет высокими темпами, и государство, не адаптировав налоговый кодекс под современные вызовы цифровой экономики, недополучает доходы в бюджет, так как криптовалюты находятся вне правовой юрисдикции. В-третьих, на сегодняшний день насчитывается более 1 тысячи различных криптовалют, следовательно, необходимо разработать единые стандарты регулирования криптовалют.

Initial coin offering (ICO) как трансформация финансового института коллективного инвестирования

In conditions of financial institutions’ development it is crucial to examine the transformation in the form of a collective investment institution under the influence of digitalization and, in particular, the emergence of cryptocurrencies. The subject of the research refers to the features of ICO functioning as a transformation of a financial institution for collective investment. The goal is to explore the ICO as a new form of collective investment. The results of the research are achieved through a comprehensive comparative analysis of ICO and IPO as a basic tool of financial institutions. The paper highlights the advantages and disadvantages, identifies the factors, analyzes the institutional regulation of ICO and proposes development vectors from three angles: for project creators, investors, regulators. The results can be used in policymaking, the functioning of joint investment platforms, in training specialists in the field of digital economy and financial markets.В условиях развития финансовых институтов актуально стоит проблема изучения трансформации формы института коллективного инвестирования под воздействием цифровизации, а также криптовалют, в частности. Предмет исследования — особенности функционирования ICO как трансформации финансового института коллективного инвестирования. Цель — исследовать ICO как новую форму коллективного инвестирования. Результаты исследования достигнуты через проведение глубокого сравнительного анализа ICO и IPO как инструмента финансовых институтов. Выделены преимущества и недостатки, определены факторы, проведен анализ институционального регулирования ICO, предложены векторы развития в трех плоскостях: для создателей проектов, инвесторов, регуляторов. Результаты могут быть использованы при разработке законов, функционировании платформ совместного инвестирования, при подготовке специалистов в области цифровой экономики и финансовых рынков