Understanding Children's Work in Yemen

The current report was developed under the aegis of a joint ILO/World Bank/UNICEF project “Understanding Children's Work” in Yemen. It provides an overview of the child work phenomenon in Yemen – its extent and nature, its determinants, its consequences on health and education, and national responses to it. The report serves two important UCW project objectives in the country. First, it helps provide a common analytical understanding of child work, that can be used to inform the current activities of the three partner agencies and Government, and that can be used to develop joint interagency strategies for future co-operation with the Government in the field of child labour. Second, through close involvement of local counterparts in its development, the paper contributes to a broader effort to build national capacity in collecting and using child work data for policy development. The statistical information presented in the paper is drawn primarily from two recent household surveys – the 1998 Yemen Household Budget Monitoring Survey (YHBS 1998) and the 1999 Yemen Poverty Monitoring Survey (YPMS 1999), both conducted by the Central Statistical Office. The first involved a stratified sample of 10,000 households and the second a stratified sample of 54,000 households. An ILO/IPEC rapid assessment conducted in 2000 is the primary source of qualitative information on the nature and hazards of child labour. The review also draws on a number of smaller-scale studies, qualitative as well as quantitative, Government and NGO reports, agency documents and other information sources. In the regression, the income data have been imputed to the National Poverty Survey 1999 using the information from the Household Budget Survey 1998, since the expenditure/income data in NPS are not satisfactory. As for the descriptive statistics on child work, they were cross-checked with results from labour force surveys and found consistent.

Understanding children's work in Uganda

The report provides an overview of the child labor phenomenon in Uganda, its extent and nature, its determinants, and its consequences on health and education.

Measuring the educational impact of child labour: Indicators available from common household survey instruments.

Understanding the interplay between education and child labour is critical to achieving both EFA and child labour elimination goals. This note forms part of UCW broader efforts towards improving this understanding. It elaborates an expanded list of education indicators available from common household survey instruments that can be used for assessing the educational impact of child labour. These indicators cover not only school attendance but also school progression and survival, and therefore extend beyond the information on child labour and education typically provided in the research literature to date.

Understanding children’s work and youth employment outcomes in Mongolia

Overcoming the twin challenges of child labour and youth unemployment will be critical to progress towards the Millennium Development Goals, as both can lead to social vulnerability and societal marginalisation, and both can permanently impair productive potential and therefore influence lifetime patterns of employment and pay. The two issues are closely linked, pointing to the need for common policy approaches to addressing them. The current report examines the issues of child labour and youth employment in Mongolia. Guided by observed outcomes in terms of schooling, work activities and status in the labour market, it considers the economic as well as the social determinants of child labour and youth employment.

Enfants mendiants dans la région de Dakar

L’objet du présent rapport est de préciser le profil et la situation des enfants qui mendient dans la région de Dakar. Le rapport a pour point de départ une enquête menée auprès des enfants mendiant dans les rues de Dakar, laquelle a fourni un premier état des lieux, assorti d’une vue d’ensemble des actions entreprises à l’échelle nationale, face à ce problème. L’enquête a également permis de proposer diverses options stratégiques visant à accélérer et renforcer la réponse nationale contre la mendicité enfantine. Finalement, il convient de souligner que même si cette étude prétend donner une image assez représentative de la situation des enfants mendiants dans la zone de Dakar, elle ne dépeint pas la condition de l’ensemble des enfants talibés vivant dans les daaras.

Understanding children’s work in Vietnam

The current report provides an overview of the child labour phenomenon in Vietnam - its extent and nature, its determinants, and its consequences on health and education. The report also addresses the policy options for its elimination. The analysis considers the economics as well as the social determinants of child labour and follows a cross-sectoral approach, especially in the identification of determinants and strategic options.

Children's Work in Cambodia: a challenge for growth and poverty reduction

The current report was developed under the aegis of UCW project activities in Cambodia. It provides an overview of the child work phenomenon in Cambodia- its extent and nature, its determinants, its consequences on health and education, and national responses to it. The report serves two important UCW project objectives in the country. First, it helps provide a common analytical understanding of child work, that can be used to inform the current activities of the three partner agencies and Government, and that can be used to develop joint interagency strategies for future cooperation with the Government in the field of child labour. Second, through close involvement of local counterparts in its development, the report contributes to a broader effort to build national capacity in analysing and using child work data for policy development. The statistical information presented in the review is drawn primarily from the Cambodian Child Labor Survey conducted in 2001 (CCLS, 2001). The review also draws on a number of smaller-scale studies, qualitative as well as quantitative, Government and NGO reports, agency documents and other information sources.

Child labour: trends, challenges and policy responses. Joining forces against child labour

Much has evolved in terms of our knowledge surrounding the child labour problem and effective strategies for addressing it since the last major conferences on child labour which were held in Amsterdam and Oslo in 1997. This report makes use of advances in research achieved through UCW and other efforts to take stock of the global child labour situation, assess key remaining obstacles to the elimination of child labour and identify strategies for addressing them.The report presents evidence of country-specific child labour situations and trends, of reasons why child labour matters from a child rights and national development perspective, and of the policies holding greatest potential for combating it in the period leading up to the 2016 target date set by the Global Action Plan, endorsed by the ILO, to eliminate the worst forms of child labour. It also identifies areas where information gaps constitute an impediment to policy formulation. The report highlights the close linkages between child labour and broader development objectives, and the consequent need to address child labour as an important component of national development strategies. It also illustrates the wide array of factors contributing to child labour, and the resulting importance of a broad, integrated policy response to it. Finally, the report underscores the importance of concerted action by international development agencies in support of Government efforts in the fight against child labour. International development agencies have a support role to play both in the development of integrated national strategies against child labour, and in the implementation of such strategies, in accordance with the relative strengths of each agency.

Understanding Children's Work in Morocco

The current report was developed under the aegis of UCW project activities in Morocco It provides an overview of the child work phenomenon in the Kingdom - its extent and nature, its determinants, its consequences on health and education, and national responses to it. The report serves two important UCW project objectives in the country. First, it helps provide a common analytical understanding of child work, that can be used to inform the current activities of the three partner agencies and Government, and that can be used to develop joint interagency strategies for future cooperation with the Government in the field of child labour. Second, through close involvement of local counterparts in its development, the report contributes to a broader effort to build national capacity in analysing and using child work data for policy development. The statistical information presented in the review is drawn primarily from two recent household surveys - a national labour force survey conducted in 2000 (LFS 2000) and a national living standards measurement study (LSMS 1998-99), both conducted by the Statistics Directorate. The first involved a stratified sample of 48,000 households (32,000 urban and 16,000 rural) and the second a stratified sample of 5,184 households. An ILO/IPEC rapid assessment conducted in 1998 is the primary source of qualitative information on the nature and hazards of child labour. The review also draws on a number of smaller-scale studies, qualitative as well as quantitative, Government and NGO reports, agency documents and other information sources.