Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: New continent record and distribution extension in Brazil

Terrestrial Isopods were sampled in four protected Atlantic Forest areas located in Serra do Mar, state of SãoPaulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 2,217 individuals of six species (Atlantoscia sp., Benthana werneri, Pseudodiploexochustabularis, Pudeoniscus obscurus, Styloniscus spinosus and Trichorhina sp.) were captured in pitfall traps. The exotic speciesS. spinosus is recorded for the first time for the Americas. Another introduced species, P. tabularis, previously recorded onlyfrom the state of Rio Grande do Sul, had its geographic distribution extended to the state of São Paulo. The most abundantisopods in this study belong to an undescribed species of Atlantoscia

Acelerando o processo de detecção de espécies ameaçadas através de avaliações expeditas.

Disponível online. Resumo

SOME ASPECTS OF THE POPULATION ECOLOGY OF THE EXOTIC AMPHIPOD, TALITROIDES TOPITOTUM, IN AN ATLANTIC FOREST RESERVE IN BRAZIL

82224125

Oligochaeta (Clitellata).

O capítulo trata das Minhocas (Oligochaeta - Clitellata) apontando suas características, ecologia, biodiversidade e biogeografia das minhocas, com foco no estado do Paraná. Trata em especial da espécie Glossoscolex lutocolus indicando informações sobre sua ocorrência, habitat, ameaças e classificação como vulnerável (VU) tanto em nível nacional quanto estadual

Abundance of epigaeic arthropods in a Brazilian savanna under different fire frequencies

Fire is a major determinant of structure and dynamics in savannas, and the rapid increase of human activities in this biome has changed the natural burning regime. The effects of fire on the fauna of the cerrado (Brazilian savanna) are still poorly understood, and studies comparing sites frequently and infrequently burned are scarce. In this study, the abundance of epigaeic arthropod orders and trophic guilds was assessed in cerrado sites located in the Brazilian Central Plateau that were subjected to three burning frequencies: frequent (HighFi), intermediary (MidFi), and infrequent (LowFi). In general, we found a positive relationship between the abundance of epigaeic arthropods and fire frequency. When arthropods were analyzed by orders, the abundance of Collembola and Orthoptera was lower in the LowFi site, while for Hemiptera, it was higher in the MidFi site. No significant differences were found for Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, and Araneae. The abundance of detritivores and herbivores decreased from HighFi to LowFi, but did not change significantly for omnivores and predators. These results indicate that some arthropod groups may not only be resilient to fire effects, but actually might benefit from fire effects in the cerrado. Characterizing arthropod responses to burning frequency at high taxonomic or functional levels is important for applied studies. Based on the results of the current study, springtails and ants seem to be particularly appropriate focal groups for further exploratory studies on the effects of fire at the species level.71872

Land use and soil characteristics affect soil organisms differently from above-ground assemblages

Background: Land-use is a major driver of changes in biodiversity worldwide, but studies have overwhelmingly focused on above-ground taxa: the effects on soil biodiversity are less well known, despite the importance of soil organisms in ecosystem functioning. We modelled data from a global biodiversity database to compare how the abundance of soil-dwelling and above-ground organisms responded to land use and soil properties. Results: We found that land use affects overall abundance differently in soil and above-ground assemblages. The abundance of soil organisms was markedly lower in cropland and plantation habitats than in primary vegetation and pasture. Soil properties influenced the abundance of soil biota in ways that differed among land uses, suggesting they shape both abundance and its response to land use. Conclusions: Our results caution against assuming models or indicators derived from above-ground data can apply to soil assemblages and highlight the potential value of incorporating soil properties into biodiversity models

Riqueza e composição de espécies de formigas no processo de recuperação de uma voçoroca

This study aimed to determine how the richness and composition of ant species behaves with changes in the recovery process of a gully erosion. The study area has 0.9 hectares subdivided into three sections called sector: A, B and C. For the definition of the sectors, erosive and natural restoring were taken as the base level of activity. Four transects were laid systematically throughout the area and surrounding compound with forest and grassland. Each transect had three pitfall trap ten meters apart from each other, with catches of ants were held in rainy and dry seasons. Analysis of variance was applied to compare the number of ant species per plot captured and Scott-Knott test 5% for comparison of means. To verify the similarity of species between environments it was performed an analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and ordering of environments a Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS). We captured 74 species of ants inside and around the gully erosion. The more degraded environment and initial stage of regeneration, showed greater richness of ant species. The composition of ant species was different between the recovery environments and around. The parameters of ant communities analyzed, richness and composition species were influenced by the regeneration of the area, indicating that ants can be used as bioindicators of gullies recovery.Neste trabalho, objetivou-se verificar como a riqueza e a composição de espécies de formigas se comporta com as mudanças ocorridas no processo de recuperação de uma voçoroca. A área em estudo possui 0,9 hectares subdivididos em três setores denominados braços: A; B e C. Para a definição dos setores tomou-se como base o nível de atividade erosiva e a regeneração natural. Foram lançadas quatro transeções de forma sistemática na área da voçoroca e no entorno composto com mata e pastagem. Cada transeção possuía três armadilhas do tipo pitfall distante entre si 10 metros, sendo que as capturas de formigas foram realizadas em duas épocas, chuvosa e seca. Foi realizada uma análise de variância para comparar o número de espécies de formigas capturadas por parcela nos ambientes e aplicado teste Scott-Knott a 5% para comparação das médias. Para verificar a similaridade de espécies entre os ambientes foi realizada uma análise de similaridade (ANOSIM) e para a ordenação dos ambientes uma Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS). Foram capturadas 74 espécies de formigas no interior da voçoroca e no entorno. O ambiente mais degradado e em estágio inicial de regeneração, apresentou maior riqueza de espécies de formigas. A composição de espécies de formigas foi diferente entre os ambientes em recuperação e o entorno. Os parâmetros das comunidades de formigas analisados, riqueza e composição de espécies, foram influenciados pela regeneração da área, indicando que as formigas podem ser usadas como bioindicadoras de recuperação de voçorocas.Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita FilhoUniversidade Federal de LavrasUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filh

The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project

© 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity