Discrete Energy Minimization with Global Constraints

Výsledkem této práce jsou algoritmy umožňující segmentaci sekvence podobných obrázků, kdy uživatel anotuje pouze jeden obrázek ze sekvence. Takové algoritmy můžou být přínosné při zpracování velkého množství dat. Vytvořená řešení poskytují možnost na základě jednoho vygenerovaného barevného modelu úspěšně segmentovat podobné scény. Cílem této práce je návrh algoritmů, které by efektivně řešily problém segmentace velké množiny podobných obrázků. Práce prezentuje dva takovéto algoritmy, jež dokážou zlepšit (minimalizovat) celkovou energii při provedení segmentace na sekvenci obrázků. První algoritmus využívá metody půlení intervalu při hledání nejoptimálnější hodnoty Delta, jež je pak odečtena od unárních vah každého pixelu. Tento algoritmus dokáže pracovat i s více značkami, a to tak, že využívá metodu alfa expanze. Druhý algoritmus provádí tzv. prohození pixelů s využitím hald, kde v každém prohazování se snaží zmenšit celkovou energii segmentace a je primárně používán pouze v případě selhání prvního algoritmu.The results of this work are algorithms that allow a segmentation of the sequence of similar images, where user annotates just one image from the sequence. These algorithms can be useful while dealing with large amount of data. Created solutions provide the ability to segment similar scenes based on the one generated color model. The goal of this work is to find algorithms that would effectively solve the problem of segmentation of the image sequences of one scene, where the color model is generated only for few images. A knowledge of the foreground pixels number is assumed. Two algorithms suitable for this task are presented. The first algorithm uses the bisection method to find the most optimal value Delta, which will then be subtracted from the unary weights of each pixel. This algorithm can work with multiple labels by using the alpha expansion method. The second algorithm performs so-called pixel swapping using heaps, where it tries to reduce overall segmentation energy while fulfilling the global constraints and it is primarily used only when the first one fails

Investigation of strained deformed state of variable stiffness rod

An equation for bending of a weighable rod with variable transversal stiffness was proposed. On the basis of this analyses the conclusions were drawn about the influence of parameters of construction on values of maximum sag and maximum bending moment. The recommendations for the usage of the simplified model were done. The example of the construction with given parameters for calculation of stiffness and strength according to the represented mathematical models was considered

An Algorithm for the Construction of Influence Matrices for Shape Controlled Plates

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Epilepsy – a disease of geniuses?

For a long time, people suffering from epilepsy have been feared, suspected, and misunderstood, socially stigmatized and viewed as outcasts. On the other hand, epilepsy was attributed to many remarkable personalities, among whom are Julius Caesar, Alexander the Great, Socrates, Aristotle, Joan of Arc, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Ivan the Terrible, Newton, Peter the Great, Napoleon, Walter Scott, Paganini, Byron, Van Gogh, Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy, and many others. The article is aimed to confirm on historical facts or debunk the myths about the essence of epilepsy in some of these individuals

On the problem of individual appeal to the UN Committee on the rights of the child

В статье описана деятельность Комитета по правам ребенка, приводятся аргументы необходимости присоединения России к Факультативному протоколу к Конвенции о правах ребенка, касающегося процедуры сообщений

Protection of Family Values in Modern Russian Legislation

В статье проводится анализ поправок в Конституцию Российской Федерации 2020 года, касающихся регулирования защиты традиционных семейных ценностей. Авторами анализируются как нормы Конституции РФ, так и нормы федеральных законов, которые приняты с целью защиты этих ценностей. На основании этого делаются выводы о целесообразности и необходимости введения института защиты традиционных семейных ценностей.The article analyzes the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020 concerning the regulation of the protection of traditional family values. The authors analyze both the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of other federal laws that were adopted to protect these values. Based on this, conclusions are drawn about the expediency and necessity of introducing the institution of protection of traditional family values

Epilepsy in literature

This paper represents a unique study carried out by a team of physicians having diverse medical experience (practitioners, residents, students), who relying on own viewpoints positions came to a common understanding and began to consider epilepsy not only as a severe, chronic, and widespread brain disease, but also as a part of human culture reflected in many literary works. Our study was aimed at searching and analyzing available sources that describe a course of epilepsy and its impact on life of famous people as well as its role in society. Literary images created in diverse centuries and eras by writers who personally suffered from epilepsy (F.M. Dostoevsky, Edgar Allan Poe, Wilkie Collins, and many others) turned out to be so colorful and convincing that they sometimes anticipated appearance of the first descriptions in professional medical literature, and even lay down in their basis

Youth social innovation during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines: a quantitative and qualitative descriptive analyses from a crowdsourcing open call and online hackathon

Introduction Young people have played a pivotal role as part of the COVID-19 response, including developing health messages and social innovations. Social innovation in health engages multiple stakeholders in linking social change and health improvement. The study examined the feasibility of youth ideas and innovations to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analyses. Methods In partnership with the WHO, academic institutions, youth organisations and civil society groups, we conducted a crowdsourcing open call among Filipino youth (15–30 years old) using a structured Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases/Social Innovation in Health Initiative process. The open call had three categories: youth voices to cocreate the post-COVID-19 world (entries were texts, images, videos and music), youth-led COVID-19 social innovations, and youth-led social innovations not related to COVID-19. Each submission was evaluated by three independent judges. Finalists were selected in each of the categories alongside four grand winners. All finalists were invited to attend a 1 day online civic hackathon. Results We received a total of 113 entries (youth voices to cocreate the post-COVID world=76; youth-led COVID-19 social innovations=17; youth-led social innovations not related to COVID-19=20). Twelve entries focused on youth mental health during the pandemic. The online hackathon provided the participants mentorship for further development of their ideas. Finalists were able to produce draft health communication campaigns and improved social innovations. Conclusion Many Filipino youth created exceptional entries in response to the open call. This suggests the feasibility of including youth voices in strategic planning processes. A global youth social innovation call is recommended