Properties of filled compositions based on emulsion pvc

Set influence of chalk on the technological and technical properties of plastisol and compounds of PVC emulsion used in the manufacture of children's toys. Studied rheology filled with chalk plastisol and compounds. We studied the stability filled with chalk plastisols. Given the elastic-strength properties filled with plasticized PVC

Research of influence of various carbon black types on technical properties of rubbers

The influence of carbon black types P-803 and S800 on elastic, strength and deformation properties of rubbers intended for production of molded rubber products has been studied. As objects of research the rubber mixtures based on combination of general purpose rubber SRI-3+SRD and special purpose rubber BNRS-18AMN were used. The studies of chemical composition of the surface of various carbon black types revealed that the surf ace of carbon black type S800 contains a large amount of sulfur and a minimal amount of oxygen, the presence of which may influence the curing process, and consequent-ly on the elastic and mechanical properties of rubbers . It was established that P-803 carbon black type substitution by S800 type leads to increase in streng th characteristics, Shore A hardness and to decrease in relative compression set of vulcanizates based on BNRS-18AMN. In rubber based on combination of rubbers SRI-3+SRD with carbon black type S800 re vealed decrease resistance against growth tears and increase Shore A hardness of vulcani zates, compared with samples of rubber with carbon black type P-803. The character of changes in rubber properties may be due to the influence of the carbon black type on the structure and density of curing grid

A microRNA profile of human CD8(+) regulatory T cells and characterization of the effects of microRNAs on Treg cell-associated genes.

Recently, regulatory T (Treg) cells have gained interest in the fields of immunopathology, transplantation and oncoimmunology. Here, we investigated the microRNA expression profile of human natural CD8(+)CD25(+) Treg cells and the impact of microRNAs on molecules associated with immune regulation. We purified human natural CD8(+) Treg cells and assessed the expression of FOXP3 and CTLA-4 by flow cytometry. We have also tested the ex vivo suppressive capacity of these cells in mixed leukocyte reactions. Using TaqMan low-density arrays and microRNA qPCR for validation, we could identify a microRNA 'signature' for CD8(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+)CTLA-4(+) natural Treg cells. We used the 'TargetScan' and 'miRBase' bioinformatics programs to identify potential target sites for these microRNAs in the 3'-UTR of important Treg cell-associated genes. The human CD8(+)CD25(+) natural Treg cell microRNA signature includes 10 differentially expressed microRNAs. We demonstrated an impact of this signature on Treg cell biology by showing specific regulation of FOXP3, CTLA-4 and GARP gene expression by microRNA using site-directed mutagenesis and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, we used microRNA transduction experiments to demonstrate that these microRNAs impacted their target genes in human primary Treg cells ex vivo. We are examining the biological relevance of this 'signature' by studying its impact on other important Treg cell-associated genes. These efforts could result in a better understanding of the regulation of Treg cell function and might reveal new targets for immunotherapy in immune disorders and cancer

Special features of relaxation properties of elastomer compositions with highly dispersed carbon additives

The infl uence of three diff erent nanostructured carbon materials: nonfunctionalized and functionalized with oxygen- and amino-containing groups on the relaxation properties of elastomer compositions was studied. Rubber compounds based on natural rubber and nitrile butadiene rubber were used as elastomeric matrices. Determination of the relaxation properties of rubber compounds and rubbers based on them was carried out on the basis of calculations of the stress relaxation coeffi cient and the conditionally equilibrium modulus. It has been established that functionalized carbon nanomaterials exert the most signifi cant eff ect on the acceleration of relaxation processes in rubber compounds based on polar rubber due to a possible decrease in the intermolecular interaction of its polar groups. In compositions based on natural rubber, the introduction of functionalized nanomaterials increases the rate of relaxation processes only in compositions with semi-reinforcing carbon black, which is due to the lower interactions of elastomer macromolecules with chain structures of the fi ller. It has been found that in compositions based on nitrile butadiene rubber, the use of carbon nanomaterials, in comparison with rubber without nanoadditives, leads to an increase in the conditionally equilibrium modulus in vulcanizates with both semi-reinforcing and high-reinforcing carbon black at a dosage of 50.0 wt.pts. Rubbers based on nonpolar rubber containing carbon nanomaterials are characterized by increased values of conditionally equilibrium modulus only in the case of compositions with semireinforcing carbon black at a dosage of 50.0 wt.pts

Local Induction of Immunosuppressive CD8+ T Cells in the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues

Background: In contrast to intestinal CD4 + regulatory T cells (Tregs), the generation and function of immunomodulatory intestinal CD8 + T cells is less well defined. To dissect the immunologic mechanisms of CD8 + T cell function in the mucosa, reactivity against hemagglutinin (HA) expressed in intestinal epithelial cells of mice bearing a MHC class-I-restricted T-cellreceptor specific for HA was studied. Methodology and Principal Findings: HA-specific CD8 + T cells were isolated from gut-associated tissues and phenotypically and functionally characterized for the expression of Foxp3 + and their suppressive capacity. We demonstrate that intestinal HA expression led to peripheral induction of HA-specific CD8 + Foxp3 + T cells. Antigen-experienced CD8 + T cells in this transgenic mouse model suppressed the proliferation of CD8 + and CD4 + T cells in vitro. Gene expression analysis of suppressive HA-specific CD8 + T cells revealed a specific up-regulation of CD103, Nrp1, Tnfrsf9 and Pdcd1, molecules also expressed on CD4 + T reg subsets. Finally, gut-associated dendritic cells were able to induce HA-specific CD8 + Foxp3 + T cells. Conclusion and Significance: We demonstrate that gut specific antigen presentation is sufficient to induce CD8 + T regs in vivo which may maintain intestinal homeostasis by down-modulating effector functions of T cells

СИСТЕМА МОБИЛЬНОГО МОНИТОРИНГА ГИДРОПРИВОДА НАВЕСНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ ЭНЕРГОНАСЫЩЕННЫХ ТРАКТОРОВ

The paper presents results pertaining to creation of national mobile monitoring system for  suspension hydraulic drives  in respect to high-power “Belarus” tractors. A monitoring system schematic diagram has been developed and channels for data accumulation and processing have been determined in the paper. The paper reveals dependences for determination of residual resources of the hydraulic drive. A tractor “Belarus 3022” has been used for test of the proposed system and it has  proved its operating capability.Приводятся результаты по созданию отечественной системы мобильного мониторинга гидропривода навесных устройств применительно к энергонасыщенным тракторам «Беларус». Разработана схема системы мониторинга и установлены каналы сбора и обработки инфор- мации. Приведены зависимости по определению остаточного ресурса гидропривода. Предлагаемая система была апробирована на тракторе «Беларус-3022» и показала свою работоспособность

Constitutively active Lyn kinase causes a cutaneous small vessel vasculitis and liver fibrosis syndrome

Neutrophilic inflammation is a hallmark of many monogenic autoinflammatory diseases; pathomechanisms that regulate extravasation of damaging immune cells into surrounding tissues are poorly understood. Here we identified three unrelated boys with perinatal-onset of neutrophilic cutaneous small vessel vasculitis and systemic inflammation. Two patients developed liver fibrosis in their first year of life. Next-generation sequencing identified two de novo truncating variants in the Src-family tyrosine kinase, LYN, p.Y508*, p.Q507* and a de novo missense variant, p.Y508F, that result in constitutive activation of Lyn kinase. Functional studies revealed increased expression of ICAM-1 on induced patient-derived endothelial cells (iECs) and of β2-integrins on patient neutrophils that increase neutrophil adhesion and vascular transendothelial migration (TEM). Treatment with TNF inhibition improved systemic inflammation; and liver fibrosis resolved on treatment with the Src kinase inhibitor dasatinib. Our findings reveal a critical role for Lyn kinase in modulating inflammatory signals, regulating microvascular permeability and neutrophil recruitment, and in promoting hepatic fibrosis

Common Gamma Chain Cytokines Promote Rapid In Vitro Expansion of Allo-Specific Human CD8+ Suppressor T Cells

Human CD8+ regulatory T cells, particularly the CD8+CD28− T suppressor cells, have emerged as an important modulator of alloimmunity. Understanding the conditions under which these cells are induced and/or expanded would greatly facilitate their application in future clinical trials. In the current study, we develop a novel strategy that combines common gamma chain (γc) cytokines IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15 and donor antigen presenting cells (APCs) to stimulate full HLA-mismatched allogeneic human CD8+ T cells which results in significant expansions of donor-specific CD8+CD28− T suppressor cells in vitro. The expanded CD8+CD28− T cells exhibit increased expressions of CTLA-4, FoxP3, and CD25, while down-regulate expressions of CD56, CD57, CD127, and perforin. Furthermore, these cells suppress proliferation of CD4+ T cells in a contact-dependent and cytokine-independent manner. Interestingly, the specificity of suppression is restricted by the donor HLA class I antigens but promiscuous to HLA class II antigens, providing a potential mechanism for linked suppression. Taken together, our results demonstrate a novel role for common γc cytokines in combination with donor APCs in the expansion of donor-specific CD8+CD28− T suppressor cells, and represent a robust strategy for in vitro generation of such cells for adoptive cellular immunotherapy in transplantation

Exome Chip Meta-analysis Fine Maps Causal Variants and Elucidates the Genetic Architecture of Rare Coding Variants in Smoking and Alcohol Use

BACKGROUND: Smoking and alcohol use have been associated with common genetic variants in multiple loci. Rare variants within these loci hold promise in the identification of biological mechanisms in substance use. Exome arrays and genotype imputation can now efficiently genotype rare nonsynonymous and loss of function variants. Such variants are expected to have deleterious functional consequences and to contribute to disease risk. METHODS: We analyzed similar to 250,000 rare variants from 16 independent studies genotyped with exome arrays and augmented this dataset with imputed data from the UK Biobank. Associations were tested for five phenotypes: cigarettes per day, pack-years, smoking initiation, age of smoking initiation, and alcoholic drinks per week. We conducted stratified heritability analyses, single-variant tests, and gene-based burden tests of nonsynonymous/loss-of-function coding variants. We performed a novel fine-mapping analysis to winnow the number of putative causal variants within associated loci. RESULTS: Meta-analytic sample sizes ranged from 152,348 to 433,216, depending on the phenotype. Rare coding variation explained 1.1% to 2.2% of phenotypic variance, reflecting 11% to 18% of the total single nucleotide polymorphism heritability of these phenotypes. We identified 171 genome-wide associated loci across all phenotypes. Fine mapping identified putative causal variants with double base-pair resolution at 24 of these loci, and between three and 10 variants for 65 loci. Twenty loci contained rare coding variants in the 95% credible intervals. CONCLUSIONS: Rare coding variation significantly contributes to the heritability of smoking and alcohol use. Fine-mapping genome-wide association study loci identifies specific variants contributing to the biological etiology of substance use behavior.Peer reviewe

Experience and analyses of results in open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy

Renal cancer takes the 10th place on incidence among malignant new growths, and on the level of an increase concedes only to a prostate cancer. Today surgical treatment remains by the single efficient method of treatment of the localized renal tumors. In recent years low-invasive surgical interventions at new growths of renal began to be applied more often. In this article experience of realization of 74 operations executed by laparoscopic and open access on the basis of USMU chair of urology in the urological department of MAI "City Clinical Hospital №40" during the 2013-2018 years is explained. The comparative analysis of partial nephrectomy depending on access is carried out. The analysis of 35 patients treatment is made.Рак почки занимает 10 место по уровню заболеваемости среди злокачественных новообразований, а по уровню роста уступает только раку предстательной железы. На сегодняшний день хирургическое лечение остается единственным эффективным методом лечения локализованного рака почки. В последние годы малоинвазивные хирургические вмешательства при новообразованиях почек стали применяться чаще. В данной статье изложен опыт выполнения 74 операций, выполненных лапароскопическим и открытым доступами на базе кафедры урологии УГМУ в отделении урологии МАУ "Городская клиническая больница №40" за 2013-2018 года. Проведен сравнительный анализ резекций почек в зависимости от доступа на основании изучения данных наблюдений за пациентами в течение 5 лет. Выполнен анализ отдаленных результатов лечения 35 пациентов