Crises entretecidas por colapso de barragens: da reconexão de espaços às narrativas hesitantes

In Brazil, dams of different sizes and purposes have broken down relatively frequently in recent decades. Such occurrences trigger disasters, which becomes an additional reason to problematize the implementation of these enterprises. Both crisis management and media narratives can act as filters that contribute to hide socially relevant dimensions of the problem by making others visible. This sociological reflection points out some socio-spatial and discursive aspects about this game of showing and hiding the magnitude of the socioenvironmental crisis. Three cases are focused on, respectively, those related to the rupture of the dam of Algodões 1, in the state of Piauí, ortheast region, occurred in 2009; Fundão, in the state of Minas Gerais, Southeast region, in 2015, and Paragominas dams, in Pará, North region, occurred in 2018. We conclude that the disaster is not a one-off crisis, but the apex of a technocratic logic of risk underestimation in which media coverage predisposes to replicate the official narrative, resulting in a loss of subsidies to a more critical social public consciousness.No Brasil, barragens de diferentes portes e finalidades têm rompido com relativa frequência nas últimas décadas. Tais ocorrências deflagram desastres, o que se torna uma razão adicional para problematizar a implantação desses empreendimentos. Tanto as narrativas dos gestores públicos quanto as narrativas midiáticas podem agir como filtros que contribuem para ocultar certos aspectos da crise enquanto há visibilidade de outros. Essa reflexão sociológica aponta aspectos socioespaciais e discursivos sobre esse jogo de mostrar e ocultar a magnitude da crise socioambiental. Ilustrativamente, são abordados três casos de rompimento de barragem ocorridos em regiões distintas do referido país, a saber: o da barragem de Algodões 1, localizada no estado do Piauí, região nordeste, ocorrido no ano de 2009; o da barragem do Fundão, localizada em Minas Gerais, região sudeste, em 2015 e o do conjunto das represas de Paragominas, no estado do Pará, região norte, ocorrido em 2018. Conclui-se que o rompimento de barragens não é apenas uma crise pontual, mas o ápice de uma lógica tecnocrática de subestimação dos riscos na qual a cobertura midiática predispõe-se a replicar a narrativa oficial, resultando em perda de subsídios para uma consciência pública mais crítica sobre o assunto

THE LACANIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS OF WALTER WHITE IN VINCE GILLIGAN\'S BREAKING BAD

THE LACANIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS OF WALTER WHITE IN VINCE GILLIGAN\'S BREAKING BAD

Chemostratigraphy of the Pliensbachian, Puesto Araya Formation (Neuquén Basin, Argentina)

In a preliminary attempt to establish an isotope stratigraphy, strontium, carbon and oxygen isotope ratios were determined from marine biogenic carbonates of Pliensbachian age, in the context of scheme of local ammonite Zones correlatable to the European Standard Zonation. Two sections, rio Atuel and arroyo Serrucho, of the mainly siliciclastic Puesto Araya Formation, Neuquen Basin, south-western Mendoza, Argentina, were studied. Specimens of the bivalve genera Weyla Bhom and Gryphaea Lamarck were selected for the isotopic determinations because of their low-Mg calcite original mineralogy and widespread presence. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry techniques were used to control the good degree of preservation of most of the biogenic material, as evidenced by pristine fabrics, 100% calcite composition and Sr, Mn and Fe concentrations. Although strontium isotope ratios are slightly scattered, it is possible to compare them with those of the Early Jurassic seawater reference curve. Carbon isotope signals show two relative maxima, correlatable with those recorded for the upper part of the Ibex Zone and the middle part of the Margaritatus Zone in various European sections, indicating the possible global significance of these events. d18O values were found to be unreliable for isotope stratigraphy, as they are largely depleted in comparison to those of coeval unaltered marine carbonates

The interface of disasters, sanitation, and poverty in Brazil : a sociological perspective

Funding NV and MB acknowledge the support of The Royal Society, Grant no. CHL-R1-180122. The authors thank financial support from the Environmental Sciences Portgraduate Programme of the Federal University of São Carlos. Acknowledgments The authors thank the reviewer for the valuable comments.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

PRODUÇÃO DE AUTOCONSUMO EM ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS: PRINCÍPIOS DA AGRICULTURA SUSTENTÁVEL E DESENVOLVIMENTO

A reforma agrária faz surgir uma nova categoria social e mosaicos na paisagem, em substituição às monoculturas. Nos assentamentos rurais ocorre uma reconstrução do agricultor, que pelo resgate do seu habitus cultural produz ao menos uma parte do autoconsumo alimentar. Todavia, a fixação no território obriga o assentamento a articulações com a dinâmica rural macroenvolvente e o enreda na lógica da monocultura que, em termos históricos e paradoxalmente, foi a mesma que engendrou a desfiliação social de outrora e a necessidade de luta pela terra. Este artigo discute, em meio a esta problemática, a agricultura voltada ao autoconsumo alimentar em consideração a alguns princípios agroecológicos. Retoma-se, ao final, que com o apoio de políticas municipais voltadas a este tipo de produção (de alimentos), pode ser configurada uma estratégia de desenvolvimento rural frente à invasão da cana nos lotes agrícolas.-----------------------------------------------The agrarian reform makes to appear a new social category and mosaics in the landscape, in substitution to the cultivations. In the agricultural nestings a reconstruction of the agriculturist occurs, who for the rescue of cultural its habitus produces the least a part of familie´s selfconsume to feed. However, the setting in the territory compels the nesting joints with the macroinvolving agricultural dynamics and tangles it in the logic of the cultivation that, in historical terms and paradoxicalally, was the same one that it produced the social disfiliation of long ago and the necessity of fight for the land. This article argues, in way to this problematic one, the agriculture directed to the production familie´s selfconsume to feed in consideration to some agroecology principles. It is retaken, to the end, that with the support of municipal politics come back to this type of production (of foods), can be configured a strategy of agricultural development front to the invasion of the sugar cane in the agricultural lots.Reforma Agrária, Autoconsumo, Agroecologia, Desenvolvimento, Agrarian Reformation, Production of Selfconsume, Agroecology, Development, International Development,

Structural geology of the Fuegian Andes and Magallanes fold-and-thrust belt - Tierra del Fuego Island

A synthesis of the structural geology of the Tierra del Fuego Island, which integrates a new data set derived from field surveys and literature data of the last few years, is presented here. The main geological features of the region developed during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Andean orogenic cycle that started in the Middle to Late Jurassic with a back-arc extension, crustal stretching and widespread volcanism, related to the break-up of Gondwanaland. An extensional fault system deriving from the mechanical and thermal subsidence led the evolution of the Rocas Verdes marginal basin, which hosts the upper Jurassic volcanoclastic rocks, the lower Cretaceous turbiditic sequences and few isolated elongated ophiolitic complexes. From the Late Cretaceous onward, the orogenic cycle of the Fuegian Andes continued with the shortening and inversion of the back-arc margin through horizontal contraction and crustal thickening. The uplift of the Cordillera, the emplacement of plutonic rocks, and the intercontinental polyphase deformation resulted from thick-skinned tectonics. The thrust system developed from its deeper roots, where the Palaeozoic basement was involved in compressive deformation, and propagated to the shallower stratigraphic levels of the northward verging Magallanes fold-and-thrust belt. The Magallanes foreland basin developed in front of the orogenic wedge that records at least four syntectonic angular unconformities from Late Cretaceous to Lower Miocene. During the Late Cretaceous Andean compression, three distinct phases of penetrative ductile deformation defined by low-greenschist facies assemblages took place, both in the basement and in the cover units. These deformations are related to a single metamorphic event with foliation development, as observed from microscopic analysis of the schist in the Ushuaia area. The first foliation S1 is preserved either as relic sericite microfolds between microlithons of the dominant S2, or as early refolded veins of recrystallized quartz. The S2 foliation is defined by oriented white mica. The crenulation of S2, which is related to D3 and occurs in most strained zones, becomes a pressure solution S3 spaced foliation, lined by opaque minerals. From the Palaeogene to the present, EW sinistral wrench tectonics affected the region as a component of the relative motion between South America and the Antarctic Peninsula. This strike-slip activity is well documented from the Carbajal valley to the Canal de Beagle region south of the Magallanes-Fagnano transform fault system. Restraining bends and overlapping step-over geometry characterize few sectors of the strike-slip faults with pop-ups, pressure ridges and uplifted slivers of crust. Releasing step-over along the transform fault system, both in on-shore and off-shore zones, formed several elongated pull-apart basins with many tens of km in length and a few km in width. The Lago Fagnano represents the main morphotectonic expression of this structural setting. A N-S geological cross-section through the Fuegian Andes synthesizes all the geological and geophysical data. The major stacks of internal thick skinned basement involved in the thrusting are high-grade Upper Palaeozoic to Lower Tertiary metamorphic rocks. The geometry of the thrust complex is an upright, south plunging monocline of moderately tilted sedimentary cover strata, as well as related thrusts, faults and chevron folds involving the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks. The orogenic shortening of the Fuegian Andes, including the Cordillera and the Magallanes fold-and-thrust belt, reaches few hundred kilometres with a left-lateral wrenching component of many tens of meters. The Tierra del Fuego Island is characterized by low seismicity (M<3.5) and shallow crustal earthquakes. The southern part presents strong morphological evidence of the Quaternary activity of the E-W left-lateral strike-slip faults, with a present deformation pattern (DGPS) with a horizontal slip component of about 6 mm/year. Moreover, the northern sector of the Island is affected by extensional tectonics related to the normal fault systems of the eastern arms of the Magallanes Strait

The Effectiveness of Augmented Reality for Astronauts on Lunar Missions: An Analog Study

The uses of augmented reality and head-up displays are becoming more prominent in industries such as aviation, automotive, and medicine. An augmented reality device such as the Microsoft HoloLens can project holograms onto the user’s natural field of view to assist with completion of a variety of tasks. Unfortunately, only a little research and development has begun in the space sector for astronauts using these head-up displays. Future lunar missions could incorporate augmented reality for astronauts to ease task load and improve accuracy. This study evaluated the usability, subjective workload, and task performance of 22 participants using the Microsoft HoloLens to complete tasks that are analogous to those completed by astronauts on a lunar mission, including navigation, rock sample collection, and maintenance tasks. Results from the usability survey, NASA-TLX, and usability interview suggested that augmented reality could support astronaut missions by means of reduced workload and task errors. Usability data information collected from the participants sought to improve on the user interface and confirmed the aforementioned results. The researcher concluded that further research must be conducted to test the development of augmented reality interfaces along with the usability aspect by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration astronauts

Methods for removal of unwanted signals from gravity time-series : comparison using linear techniques complemented with analysis of system dynamics

We thanks the participants of the 35th General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission for comments on preliminary results. The authors are grateful to all IGETS contributors, particularly to the station operators and to ISDC/GFZ-Potsdam for providing the original gravity data used in this study. We also thank the developers of ATLANTIDA3.1 and UTide. Part of this work was performed using the ICSMB High Performance Computing Cluster, University of Aberdeen. We also thanks M. Thiel and A. Moura for reviewing a preliminary version and making comments on the methods section and M.A. Ara´ujo for comments on Lyapunov exponents. Funding: A. Valencio is supported by CNPq, Brazil [206246/2014-5]; and received a travel grant from the School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen [PO2073498], for a presentation including preliminary results.Peer reviewedPostprintPublisher PD