Localization Services for Online Common Operational Picture and Situation Awareness

Many operations, be they military, police, rescue, or other field operations, require localization services and online situation awareness to make them effective. Questions such as how many people are inside a building and their locations are essential. In this paper, an online localization and situation awareness system is presented, called Mobile Urban Situation Awareness System (MUSAS), for gathering and maintaining localization information, to form a common operational picture. The MUSAS provides multiple localization services, as well as visualization of other sensor data, in a common frame of reference. The information and common operational picture of the system is conveyed to all parties involved in the operation, the field team, and people in the command post. In this paper, a general system architecture for enabling localization based situation awareness is designed and the MUSAS system solution is presented. The developed subsystem components and forming of the common operational picture are summarized, and the future potential of the system for various scenarios is discussed. In the demonstration, the MUSAS is deployed to an unknown building, in an ad hoc fashion, to provide situation awareness in an urban indoor military operation.Peer reviewe

Central venous O2 saturation and venous-to-arterial CO2 difference as complementary tools for goal-directed therapy during high-risk surgery

International audienceIntroduction: Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2) is a useful therapeutic target in septic shock and high-risk surgery. We tested the hypothesis that central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference (P(cv-a)CO 2), a global index of tissue perfusion, could be used as a complementary tool to ScvO 2 for goal-directed fluid therapy (GDT) to identify persistent low flow after optimization of preload has been achieved by fluid loading during high-risk surgery. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of results obtained in a study involving 70 adult patients (ASA I to III), undergoing major abdominal surgery, and treated with an individualized goal-directed fluid replacement therapy. All patients were managed to maintain a respiratory variation in peak aortic flow velocity below 13%. Cardiac index (CI), oxygen delivery index (DO 2 i), ScvO 2 , P(cv-a)CO 2 and postoperative complications were recorded blindly for all patients. Results: A total of 34% of patients developed postoperative complications. At baseline, there was no difference in demographic or haemodynamic variables between patients who developed complications and those who did not. In patients with complications, during surgery, both mean ScvO 2 (78 ± 4 versus 81 ± 4%, P = 0.017) and minimal ScvO 2 (minScvO 2) (67 ± 6 versus 72 ± 6%, P = 0.0017) were lower than in patients without complications, despite perfusion of similar volumes of fluids and comparable CI and DO 2 i values. The optimal ScvO 2 cutoff value was 70.6% and minScvO 2 < 70% was independently associated with the development of postoperative complications (OR = 4.2 (95% CI: 1.1 to 14.4), P = 0.025). P(cv-a)CO 2 was larger in patients with complications (7.8 ± 2 versus 5.6 ± 2 mmHg, P < 10-6). In patients with complications and ScvO 2 ≥71%, P(cv-a)CO 2 was also significantly larger (7.7 ± 2 versus 5.5 ± 2 mmHg, P < 10-6) than in patients without complications. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.785 (95% CI: 0.74 to 0.83) for discrimination of patients with ScvO 2 ≥71% who did and did not develop complications, with 5 mmHg as the most predictive threshold value

Acceptability in the Older Population: The Importance of an Appropriate Tablet Size

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Presenting many advantages, solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) are widely manufactured and frequently prescribed in older populations regardless of the specific characteristics of patients. Commonly, patients with dysphagia (swallowing disorders) experience difficulties taking SODFs, which may lead to non-adherence or misuse. SODF characteristics (e.g., size, shape, thickness) are likely to influence swallowability. Herein, we used the acceptability reference framework (the ClinSearch acceptability score test (CAST))—a 3D-map juxtaposing two acceptability profiles—to investigate the impact of tablet size on acceptability. We collected 938 observer reports on the tablet intake by patients ≥ 65 y in hospitals or care homes. As we might expect, tablets could be classified as accepted in older patients without dysphagia (n = 790), while not in those with swallowing disorders (n = 146). However, reducing the tablet size had a significant impact on acceptability in this subpopulation: tablets < 6.5 mm appeared to be accepted by patients with swallowing disorders. Among the 309 distinct tablets assessed in this study, ranging in size from 4.7 to 21.5 mm, 83% are ≥ 6.5 mm and consequently may be poorly accepted by institutionalized older people and older inpatients suffering from dysphagia. This underlines the need to develop and prescribe medicines with the best adapted characteristics to reach an optimal acceptability in targeted users.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Estudio técnico de las pinturas murales de Germolles: la contribución de las técnicas de imagen

[EN] The Château de Germolles is one of the rare palace in France dating from the 14th century. The noble floor is decorated with wall paintings that are a unique example of courtly love spirit that infused the princely courts of the time. After being concealed sometime in the 19th century, the paintings were rediscovered and uncovered in the middle of the 20th century and partly restored at the end of the 1990s. No scientific documentation accompanied these interventions and important questions, such as the level of authenticity of the mural decorations and the original painting technique(s) used in the medieval times remained unanswered. The combined scientific and financial supports of COSCH Cost Action and DRAC-Burgundy enabled to study Germolles’ wall paintings using some of the most innovative imaging and analytical techniques and to address some of the questions raised. The study provided significant information on the material used in the medieval times and on the conservation condition of the paintings. The data collected is vast and varied and exposed the owners of the property to the challenges of data management.[ES] El castillo de Germolles es uno de los raros palacios principescos en Francia que data del siglo XIV. La planta noble está decorada con pinturas murales que son un ejemplo único del amor cortés, ese espíritu que se divulgó en las cortes de la época.Ocultadas desde el fin del siglo XIX, las pinturas fueron descubiertas en la mitad del siglo XXy fueron parcialmente restauradas al finalde la década de 1990. No hay documentación científica queacompañelas intervenciones, y cuestiones importantesse quedaronsin repuesta, en particular el nivel de autenticidad de las decoraciones de las paredes, así como lastécnicaspictóricasutilizadasen laépoca medieval. El apoyo científico y económico de la Acción Cost COSCH y de la DRAC de Borgoña permitió elestudio delas pinturas murales de Germolles con algunas de las técnicas de imagen y analíticasmás innovadoras, con tal de responder a algunas de las cuestiones planteadas. El estudio proporcionó informaciónrelevante en lo que se refiere al material utilizado durante la Edad Mediay sobreel estado de conservación de las pinturas. La toma de datos es ampliay variada, y expuso a los dueños de la propiedad al desafío de la gestión de datos.This project would not have been possible without the financial support by DRAC-Burgundy and the COST Action TD1201: Colour and Space in Cultural Heritage (COSCH) (www.cosch.info) which the authors wish to sincerely thank.Degrigny, C.; Piqué, F.; Papiashvili, N.; Guery, J.; Mansouri, A.; Le Goïc, G.; Detalle, V.... (2016). Technical study of Germolles’ wall paintings: the input of imaging technique. Virtual Archaeology Review. 7(15):1-8. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2016.5831SWORD18715Giovannoni, S., Matteini, M., & Moles, A. (1990). Studies and developments concerning the problem of altered lead pigments in wall painting. Studies in Conservation, 35(1), 21-25. doi:10.1179/sic.1990.35.1.21Manuel, A., Gattet, E., De Luca, L., & Veron, P. (2013). An approach for precise 2D/3D semantic annotation of spatially-oriented images for in situ visualization applications. 2013 Digital Heritage International Congress (DigitalHeritage). doi:10.1109/digitalheritage.2013.6743752Wefers, S., Reich, T., Tietz, B. and Boochs, F. 2016. SIVT – Processing, Viewing, and Analysis of 3D Scans of the Porthole Slab and Slab B2 of Züschen I. In: S. Campana, R. Sopigno, G. Carpentiero and M. Cirillo, eds, CAA2015. Keep the Revolution Going. Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods In Archaeology. Oxford : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, pp. 1067-1080

Citoyenneté, droit pénal et procédures pénale et civile à Ptolémaïs sous les Lagides

La cite grecque de Ptolémaïs en Haute-Égypte a été fondée par Ptolémée Ier Sôtèr à la fin du IVe s. av. J.-C. Cette nouvelle fondation a nécessité l’envoi de colons grecs, la construction d’une ville, la création d’institutions civiques, mais surtout, l’octroi d’une Constitution et de lois à la cité. Malheureusement, seules quelques traces de ces lois nous sont parvenues. Néanmoins, des inscriptions et papyrus grecs des IIIe et IIe s. av. J.-C. nous permettent d’étudier l’intégration de la cité au sein de l’édifice judiciaire bâti par les premiers Lagides. Ce système se caractérise non seulement par une grande multiplicité des sources du droit (la volonté royale, les coutumes égyptiennes, les règles de droit importées par les colons grecs, les traditions des minorités ethniques en Égypte et les institutions poliades en sont les principales), mais aussi par un pluralisme juridique tenant compte de l’appartenance ethnique des sujets de la couronne lagide. La capacité de la cité à adopter des lois, l’existence d’une législation et d’une procédure pénale à Ptolémaïs, l’implication des magistrats de la cité dans la résolution des conflits entre particuliers, ainsi que les relations entre la justice civique et la justice royale constituent l’objet de la présente étude. Celle-ci repose sur l’analyse de quelques cas précis tant d’affaires pénales que civiles des IIIe et IIe s. av. J.-C. dans lesquelles les institutions de la cité sont impliquées.The Greek city-state of Ptolemais was settled by Ptolemy I Soter at the end of the fourth century BC. This new foundation in Upper-Egypt required Greek settlers, buildings, civic institutions and most of all, constitution and laws. Unfortunately only a few scraps of these laws are known. Nevertheless, Greek inscriptions and papyri from the third and second century BC allow us to observe the integration of the city in the legal system progressively built by the first Ptolemies. This system is particularly characterized by its pluralism and by the multiplicity of law sources (royal willpower, Egyptian customs, legal practices among Greek settlers, ethnical minorities’ traditions and civic institutions). The city’s ability to adopt laws, the attestation of civic criminal laws and procedures, the Ptolemais’ magistrates’ commitment in legal conflicts resolution and the relationships between these elements and the royal agents are the object of the following study. This study is based on the careful analysis of different particular examples of criminal and civil cases from the third and second centuries BC in which the civic institutions are involved

Citoyenneté, droit pénal et procédures pénale et civile à Ptolémaïs sous les Lagides

The Greek city-state of Ptolemais was settled by Ptolemy I Soter at the end of the fourth century BC. This new foundation in Upper-Egypt required Greek settlers, buildings, civic institutions and most of all, constitution and laws. Unfortunately only a few scraps of these laws are known. Nevertheless, Greek inscriptions and papyri from the third and second century BC allow us to observe the integration of the city in the legal system progressively built by the first Ptolemies. This system is particularly characterized by its pluralism and by the multiplicity of law sources (royal willpower, Egyptian customs, legal practices among Greek settlers, ethnical minorities’ traditions and civic institutions). The city’s ability to adopt laws, the attestation of civic criminal laws and procedures, the Ptolemais’ magistrates’ commitment in legal conflicts resolution and the relationships between these elements and the royal agents are the object of the following study. This study is based on the careful analysis of different particular examples of criminal and civil cases from the third and second centuries BC in which the civic institutions are involved

Citoyenneté, droit pénal et procédures pénale et civile à Ptolémaïs sous les Lagides

La cite grecque de Ptolémaïs en Haute-Égypte a été fondée par Ptolémée Ier Sôtèr à la fin du IVe s. av. J.-C. Cette nouvelle fondation a nécessité l’envoi de colons grecs, la construction d’une ville, la création d’institutions civiques, mais surtout, l’octroi d’une Constitution et de lois à la cité. Malheureusement, seules quelques traces de ces lois nous sont parvenues. Néanmoins, des inscriptions et papyrus grecs des IIIe et IIe s. av. J.-C. nous permettent d’étudier l’intégration de la cité au sein de l’édifice judiciaire bâti par les premiers Lagides. Ce système se caractérise non seulement par une grande multiplicité des sources du droit (la volonté royale, les coutumes égyptiennes, les règles de droit importées par les colons grecs, les traditions des minorités ethniques en Égypte et les institutions poliades en sont les principales), mais aussi par un pluralisme juridique tenant compte de l’appartenance ethnique des sujets de la couronne lagide. La capacité de la cité à adopter des lois, l’existence d’une législation et d’une procédure pénale à Ptolémaïs, l’implication des magistrats de la cité dans la résolution des conflits entre particuliers, ainsi que les relations entre la justice civique et la justice royale constituent l’objet de la présente étude. Celle-ci repose sur l’analyse de quelques cas précis tant d’affaires pénales que civiles des IIIe et IIe s. av. J.-C. dans lesquelles les institutions de la cité sont impliquées.The Greek city-state of Ptolemais was settled by Ptolemy I Soter at the end of the fourth century BC. This new foundation in Upper-Egypt required Greek settlers, buildings, civic institutions and most of all, constitution and laws. Unfortunately only a few scraps of these laws are known. Nevertheless, Greek inscriptions and papyri from the third and second century BC allow us to observe the integration of the city in the legal system progressively built by the first Ptolemies. This system is particularly characterized by its pluralism and by the multiplicity of law sources (royal willpower, Egyptian customs, legal practices among Greek settlers, ethnical minorities’ traditions and civic institutions). The city’s ability to adopt laws, the attestation of civic criminal laws and procedures, the Ptolemais’ magistrates’ commitment in legal conflicts resolution and the relationships between these elements and the royal agents are the object of the following study. This study is based on the careful analysis of different particular examples of criminal and civil cases from the third and second centuries BC in which the civic institutions are involved