COMPARISON OF THE SOIL RADIOACTIVE AND HEAVY METALS POLLUTION WITH PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TEST PLANTS AT THE FACILITIES OF SUKHACHEVSKY INDUSTRIAL SITE

The work aimed to assess the impact of Baza S uranium ore storage site and Sukhachevskoye uranium mill tailing impoundment on physiological parameters of test plants

Grafting a homogeneous transition metal catalyst onto a silicon AFM probe: a promising strategy for chemically constructive nanolithography

International audienceWe report a novel approach to chemically selective lithography using an atomic force microscope (AFM) probe with immobilized homogeneous catalyst, potentially giving access to diverse nanoscale transformations of the surface-bound functional groups. This new concept was proven for the local epoxidation of an alkene-terminated self-assembled monolayer on silicon using H2O2 as an oxidant and a catalytic silicon AFM tip charged with manganese complexes with 1,3,7-triazacyclononane type ligands

Structural and magnetic diversity in alkali-metal Manganate chemistry : evaluating donor and alkali-metal effects in co-complexation processes

By exploring co-complexation reactions between the manganese alkyl Mn(CH2SiMe3)2 and the heavier alkali-metal alkyls M(CH2SiMe3) (M=Na, K) in a benzene/hexane solvent mixture and in some cases adding Lewis donors (bidentate TMEDA, 1,4-dioxane, and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2] octane (DABCO)) has produced a new family of alkali-metal tris(alkyl) manganates. The influences that the alkali metal and the donor solvent impose on the structures and magnetic properties of these ates have been assessed by a combination of X-ray, SQUID magnetization measurements, and EPR spectroscopy. These studies uncover a diverse structural chemistry ranging from discrete monomers [(TMEDA)2MMn(CH2SiMe3)3] (M=Na, 3; M=K, 4) to dimers [(KMn(CH2SiMe3)3C6H6)2] (2) and [(NaMn(CH2SiMe3)3)2(dioxane)7] (5); and to more complex supramolecular networks [(NaMn(CH2SiMe3)3)∞] (1) and [(Na2Mn2(CH2SiMe3)6(DABCO)2)∞] (7)). Interestingly, the identity of the alkali metal exerts a significant effect in the reactions of 1 and 2 with 1,4-dioxane, as 1 produces coordination adduct 5, while 2 forms heteroleptic [((dioxane)6K2Mn2(CH2SiMe3)4(O(CH2)2OCH=CH2)2)∞] (6) containing two alkoxide-vinyl anions resulting from α-metalation and ring opening of dioxane. Compounds 6 and 7, containing two spin carriers, exhibit antiferromagnetic coupling of their S=5/2 moments with varying intensity depending on the nature of the exchange pathways

Soil Contamination Mapping with Hyperspectral Imagery: Pre- Dnieper Chemical Plant (Ukraine) Case Study

Radioactive contamination of soils is an issue of severe importance for Ukraine remaining with a significant post-Soviet baggage of not settled problems regarding radioactive waste. Regular radioecological observations and up-to-date contamination mapping based on advanced geoinformation techniques give an ability to prepare for, respond to, and manage potential adverse effects from pollution with radionuclides and heavy metals. Hyperspectral satellite imagery provides potentially powerful tool for soil contamination detection and mapping. An intention to find a relation between remotely sensed hyperspectral and ground-based measured soil contamination fractions in area of the uranium mill tailings deposits near Kamianske city was made. An advanced algorithm based on known TCMI (target-constrained minimal interference)-matched filter with a nonnegative constraint was applied to determine the soil contamination fractions by hyperspectral imagery. The time series maps of spatial distribution of the soil contamination fractions within study area around the Sukhachevske tailings dump are presented. Time series analysis of the map resulted in two independent parameters: the average value for the entire observation period and the daily mean increment of the soil contamination fractions

Measurements on improving the health of military serviants of the Russian Imperial Army during the First World War

Abstract. The relevance. Military conflicts accompany all periods of human development, and the obtained results can be rethought and transferred to the present day, taking into account existing realities. Within the framework of military-historical anthropology, the value of the quality of the organization of army life is determined by the fact that it largely formed the degree of psychological stability of participants in military operations. The goals of the research include identifying the main problems of the sanitary and hygienic conditions of the active army, their causes, as well as analyzing measures aimed at improving it.The problem of the research is to identify the degree of effectiveness of the sanitary and hygienic service in military field conditions.The purpose of the research is to analyze the organization of sanitary and hygienic life of military servants of the Russian army during the First World War.The methodological basis of the research is based on general scientific methods of synthesis, analysis, generalization and systematization. In accordance with the principles of historicism and objectivity, the authors make extensive use of specialized periodicals from the war period, orders of the command, sources of both memoir origin reflecting the impressions of more educated strata of society, and sources capturing the experience of ordinary soldiers. This approach allows for a comprehensive assessment of the readiness to organize the fight against infectious diseases.Key findings. The results of the study present the results of the analysis of the measures taken to implement sanitary and hygienic measures to combat infectious diseases in the army environment during the studied period, and conclusions have been made about their effectiveness

MULTIFUNCTIONAL HEAVY-DUTY ROBOTIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM

In this paper there is considered the creation of a multifunctional heavy-duty robotic fire extinguishing complex with improved tactical and technical characteristics on a tracked chassis. It is designed to eliminate man-made accidents and fires associated with the risks of fatalities and injury of personnel as well as to conduct reconnaissance in fire seats and to deliver fire extinguishing agents to them. With appropriate retrofitting, it is planned to use this system during elimination of the consequences of accidents with chemical and radiation pollution and work with explosive objects

Activation and discovery of earth-abundant metal catalysts using sodium tert-butoxide

First-row, earth-abundant metals offer an inexpensive and sustainable alternative to precious-metal catalysts. As such, iron and cobalt catalysts have garnered interest as replacements for alkene and alkyne hydrofunctionalization reactions. However, these have required the use of air- and moisture-sensitive catalysts and reagents, limiting both adoption by the non-expert as well as applicability, particularly in industrial settings. Here, we report a simple method for the use of earth-abundant metal catalysts by general activation with sodium tert-butoxide. Using only robust air- and moisture-stable reagents and pre-catalysts, both known and, significantly, novel catalytic activities have been successfully achieved, covering hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydrovinylation, hydrogenation and [2π+2π] alkene cycloaddition. This activation method allows for the easy use of earth-abundant metals, including iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese, and represents a generic platform for the discovery and application of non-precious metal catalysis

Manganese-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Aryl Halides and Grignard Reagents by a Radical Mechanism

The substrate scope and the mechanism have been investigated for the MnCl2-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between aryl halides and Grignard reagents. The transformation proceeds rapidly and in good yield when the aryl halide component is an aryl chloride containing a cyano or an ester group in the para position or a cyano group in the ortho position. A range of other substituents gave no conversion of the aryl halide or led to the formation of side products. A broader scope was observed for the Grignard reagents, where a variety of alkyl- and arylmagnesium chlorides participated in the coupling. Two radical-clock experiments were carried out, and in both cases an intermediate aryl radical was successfully trapped. The cross-coupling reaction is therefore believed to proceed by an S(RN)1 mechanism, with a triorganomanganate complex serving as the most likely nucleophile and single-electron donor. Other mechanistic scenarios were excluded based on the substrate scope of the aryl halide