Aggregate Packing Density Approach for Sustainable SCC using Un-Processed Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates

 The production of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) needs a large amount of binder (cement) to fulfill its flow requirements. The production of cement is associated with high energy consumption and CO2 emissions, which result in serious environmental pollution. Making SCC with Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregate (CRCA) throws further challenges. Mix proportions of a 40 MPa SCC-CRCA were estimated using the aggregate proportions obtained by aggregate packing density method (APD), Indian Standard (IS 10262), and those based on Compressible Packing Method (CPM). It was observed that the APD method yielded an SCC-CRCA with reduced binder content by 5.40% and 26%, as compared to the other two methods. Also, in the SCC-CRCA mixes proportioned by using APD method, resulted in a reduction in total energy consumption by 5.10%, total emission of CO2 by 9.23 % and material cost by 14.44 % at the prevailing rates in comparison to the IS 10262 design method. No significant variation in the flow and mechanical properties of SCC-CRCA was observed up to a replacement of 45 %, in the total coarse aggregate which is higher than that recommended in Indian (20 %) and International specifications (35 %) for traditionally vibrated (conventional) concrete

Plastic/packaging waste separation from MSW and its conversion and used as value-added products in different applications: An eco-sustainable approach

193-208Rapid urbanization and economic growth are affecting an exceptional increase in the production of municipal solid waste (MSW), including packaging waste globally. Nations have a comparatively higher GDP incline to generate vast quantities of MSW. Forecasts appearance that the production of MSW through main metropolitan will increase from 1.3 and 2.2 billion tons, respectively in the year 2012 and 20251. The recycling of plastic/packaging waste materials to produced value-added material is an essential aspect for scientific research worldwide because the attenuation natural resources make a risk in future. Waste of MSW is frequently a high source of many essential materials for recycling such as plastic, glass, metal and paper. Active management of MSW can allow reclamation of essential materials of recycling and decreases of harmful impact on the environment. The waste categorization is a crucial step in MSW or many kinds of wastes, such as packaging/plastic waste management for materials recycling. Worldwide researchers have been vigorously discovering automatic categorization methods for efficiently handling of growing amounts of MSW. This review article summarizes growths in separation techniques, conversion for plastic/packaging waste in value-added products and its uses that have taken place in the area of source segregated MSW recycling, including plastic/packaging waste in the last decade

An Overview on the Role of Government Initiatives in Nanotechnology Innovation for Sustainable Economic Development and Research Progress

Nanoparticle technology has emerged as a fundamental component across various industries, including electronics, renewable energy, textiles, and medical biotechnology, particularly for targeted drug delivery applications. Commercialization has profoundly impacted economic growth, especially in the pharmaceutical and electronics industries. Moreover, it has improved workforce education and training, generating millions of employment prospects associated with nanotechnology development. By 2024, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development anticipates that the global market for nanotechnology products will attain a value of United States Dollar (USD) 1 trillion to USD 3 trillion, resulting in the creation of over 2 million new employments globally. The swift progression of nanoparticle technology from 2000 to 2024 is primarily propelled by substantial industrial investment in research and development, alongside collaborations with academic institutions. The National Nanotechnology Initiative in the United States (US) has significantly contributed to these developments, with federal funding exceeding USD 30 billion by 2024 since its establishment in 2001. This funding has catalyzed significant advancements in both commercial and research applications of nanotechnology. Patent data highlights this expansion, with China establishing itself as the preeminent nation in nanotechnology patents. From 2000 to 2024, China steadily raised its proportion of nanotechnology patents, accounting for almost 40% of the global total by 2024. The US, Japan, Germany, and the Republic of Korea continued to be significant contributors, together advancing the frontiers of innovation in nanotechnology. In this timeframe, the quantity of nanotechnology-related patents increased by more than 150%, demonstrating the swift growth of the sector. The regulation of nanotechnology in the US is primarily managed by the Food and Drug Administration, particularly about healthcare and biotechnology applications. As the scope of nanotechnology uses has expanded, there is an increasing demand for more extensive regulations concerning potential long-term environmental and health effects. The future trajectory of nanotechnology, both in the US and worldwide, will hinge on continuous invention, economic advancement, and the progression of governmental policy. By upholding a robust regulatory framework and promoting ongoing collaboration between academics and industry, the complete potential of nanotechnology in advancing industrial and societal progress can be actualized

Optimization of Siderophore Production in Three Marine Bacterial Isolates along with Their Heavy-Metal Chelation and Seed Germination Potential Determination

Siderophores are low-molecular-weight and high-affinity molecules produced by bacteria under iron-limited conditions. Due to the low iron (III) (Fe+3) levels in surface waters in the marine environment, microbes produce a variety of siderophores. In the current study, halophilic bacteria Bacillus taeanensis SMI_1, Enterobacter sp., AABM_9, and Pseudomonas mendocina AMPPS_5 were isolated from marine surface water of Kalinga beach, Bay of Bengal (Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India) and were investigated for siderophore production using the Chrome Azurol S (CAS) assay. The effect of various production parameters was also studied. The optimum production of siderophores for SMI_1 was 93.57% siderophore units (SU) (after 48 h of incubation at 30 °C, pH 8, sucrose as carbon source, sodium nitrate as nitrogen source, 0.4% succinic acid), and for AABM_9, it was 87.18 %SU (after 36 h of incubation period at 30 °C, pH 8, in the presence of sucrose, ammonium sulfate, 0.4% succinic acid). The maximum production of siderophores for AMPPS_5 was 91.17 %SU (after 36 h of incubation at 35 °C, pH 8.5, glucose, ammonium sulfate, 0.4% citric acid). The bacterial isolates SMI_1, AABM_9, and AMPPS_5 showed siderophore production at low Fe+3 concentrations of 0.10 µM, 0.01 µM, and 0.01 µM, respectively. The SMI_1 (73.09 %SU) and AMPPS_5 (68.26 %SU) isolates showed siderophore production in the presence of Zn+2 (10 µM), whereas AABM_9 (50.4 %SU) exhibited siderophore production in the presence of Cu+2 (10 µM). Additionally, these bacterial isolates showed better heavy-metal chelation ability and rapid development in seed germination experiments. Based on these results, the isolates of marine-derived bacteria effectively produced the maximum amount of siderophores, which could be employed in a variety of industrial and environmental applications

2, 6-Di substituted pyrimidine based scaffolds: Synthesis, in- silico, and in-vitro Cell viability studies

Existing of a cell depends on the pyrimidine moiety; it controls many functions which lead to alter the action of organs. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis, biological evolution of newer pyrimidins. Titled compounds are formed with good yields, there In-silico studies indicating good drug likeness, drug score. The In- vitro cell viability studies using lipofectamine 2000 as reference, reveals that IC50 values for pyrimidine-II, III against GL261, pyrimidine- VIII,IX against 4 T1 Celline shows prominent results

Novel pyrrole-chromone based chalcones: Synthesis and their anti-breast cancer activity: An in-silico study

Newer Pyrrole-Chromones Chalcones (I–VII) were prepared by a simple method. among the series of compounds, compound −1 which was synthesized with 30 % of NaOH solution, at temperature of 60–65 °C with twelve hours of reaction time resulted in good yield. While, the other compounds under same and varying conditions resulted in less yield. Existing reports showed that this group of compounds showed insulysin inhibition, interleukin antagonist, and membrane integrity agonist activities. The proteins EGFR and HER-2 which are over expressed in breast cancer, in In silico studies with the titled compounds showed strong binding affinity when compared to the standard drug tamoxifen, which clearly indicate that these compounds possess anti-breast cancer activity. Hence, it can be concluded that these compounds has the potential to develop as anti-breast cancer drugs