Multi-objective optimization approach for cost management during product design at the conceptual phase

The effective cost management during the conceptual design phase of a product is essential to develop a product with minimum cost and desired quality. The integration of the methodologies of quality function deployment (QFD), value engineering (VE) and target costing (TC) could be applied to the continuous improvement of any product during product development. To optimize customer satisfaction and total cost of a product, a mathematical model is established in this paper. This model integrates QFD, VE and TC under multi-objective optimization frame work. A case study on domestic refrigerator is presented to show the performance of the proposed model. Goal programming is adopted to attain the goals of maximum customer satisfaction and minimum cost of the product

Design of supply chain in fuzzy environment

Nowadays, customer expectations are increasing and organizations are prone to operate in an uncertain environment. Under this uncertain environment, the ultimate success of the firm depends on its ability to integrate business processes among supply chain partners. Supply chain management emphasizes cross-functional links to improve the competitive strategy of organizations. Now, companies are moving from decoupled decision processes towards more integrated design and control of their components to achieve the strategic fit. In this paper, a new approach is developed to design a multi-echelon, multi-facility, and multi-product supply chain in fuzzy environment. In fuzzy environment, mixed integer programming problem is formulated through fuzzy goal programming in strategic level with supply chain cost and volume flexibility as fuzzy goals. These fuzzy goals are aggregated using minimum operator. In tactical level, continuous review policy for controlling raw material inventories in supplier echelon and controlling finished product inventories in plant as well as distribution center echelon is considered as fuzzy goals. A non-linear programming model is formulated through fuzzy goal programming using minimum operator in the tactical level. The proposed approach is illustrated with a numerical example

THE EFFECT OF BIODIESEL AND BIOETHANOL BLENDED DIESEL FUEL ON THE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIRECT INJECTION DIESEL ENGINE

History has seen fuel innovations being driven majorly by transportation needs rather than the overall need to revolutionize the energy needs of the society. Biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol are now receiving the impetus required for becoming a fuel source for the future. One of the ways to reduce the dependence on fossil diesel is the blending of bioethanol with conventional diesel. However, an emulsifier or a co-solvent is required to stabilize the blend. The ricebran oil biodiesel offers an alternative application as an emulsifier for diesel-ethanol blends to form diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. In the present study the rice bran oil biodiesel was used in different ways such as pure biodiesel, blending with diesel and diesel- ethanol blends. The performance and emission characteristics of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine when fuelled with conventional diesel fuel, pure biodiesel, a blend of diesel and biodiesel and three blends of diesel-biodiesel-ethanol were studied over the entire range of load on the engine. The experimental results showed that the highest brake thermal efficiency was observed with 30% ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The exhaust gas temperature and sound reduced with the increase of ethanol percentage in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The Carbon monoxide, smoke, exhaust gas temperature and sound reduced with the increase of ethanol percentage in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The minimum values of Carbon monoxides, smoke, exhaust gas temperature and sound intensity were observed with the blend BE30 and were respectively 41.23%, 14.5%, 0.57% and 11.53% lower than that of the diesel fuel. The Oxides of nitrogen and carbon dioxide emissions increased with the increased percentage of ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The hydrocarbon emissions increased with ethanol but lower than that of the diesel fuel by a maximum of 35.35% with 10% ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blend. The blending of 20% biodiesel into diesel-ethanol blends allowed higher percentage (30%) of ethanol mixing with diesel, increased the brake thermal efficiency and reduced the carbon monoxide, sound, hydrocarbons and smoke than that of the diesel fuel. So the rice bran oil biodiesel can be used as an emulsifier to mix higher percentage of ethanol with fossil diesel to improve the performance and reduce the emissions of a diesel engine

Structural Modeling of Determinants of Customer Repurchase Intention of Organic pulses Mediation analysis of Attitude

Purpose - The major goal of this research work is to assess the Determinants of Customer’s Repurchase Intention of Green pulses with Attitude as mediating role in the Telangana.Design/methodology/approach - To accomplish the work’s goal, combination of qualitative and quantitative research approaches are used in research methodology. After analysing the outcomes of the qualitative research, quantitative research was done, then conducted a survey by distributing questionnaires to 200 respondents who willing to buy organic pulses at stores. This study uses the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling ) Smart PLS software to identify the variables that influence consumers\u27 intention to repurchase organic pulses.Findings – The study\u27s findings demonstrating that the factors like Awareness and Nutritional quality are significantly impacting repurchase intention of organic pulses through Mediating the Attitude. It was determined that the current study was sound empirically.Research limitations – The sample for the study was collected from Telangana and the findings encompassed a wide range of crucial touch points in order to provide comprehensive coverage of the factors affecting Customer’s Repurchase Intention of Organic pulses

Delay-efficient 4:3 counter design using two-bit reordering circuit for high-speed Wallace tree multiplier

In many signal processing applications, multiplier is an important functional block that plays a crucial role in computation. It is always a challenging task to design the delay optimized multiplier at the system level. A new and delay-efficient structure for the 4:3 counter is proposed by making use of a two-bit reordering circuit. The proposed 4:3 counter along with the 7:3 counter, full adder (FA), and half adder (HA) circuits are employed in the design of delay-efficient 8-bit and 16-bit Wallace tree multipliers (WTMs). Using Xilinx Vivado 2017.2, the designed circuits are simulated and synthesized by targeting the device ‘xc7s50fgga484-1’ of Spartan 7 family. Further, in terms of lookup table (LUT) count, critical path delay (CPD), total on-chip power, and power-delay-product (PDP), the performance of the proposed multiplier circuit is compared with the existing multipliers

Development of a Bidirectional Dc/Dc Converter with Dual-Battery Energy Storage for Hybrid Electric Vehicle System

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) offer many benefits, such as high fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, and noisy service. Two or three frequency buses are available in HEVs for various operating purposes. There are requirements of an electrochemical ally independent continuously variable DC-DC converter to connect separate DC voltage bus and pass energy back backward and forwards. In this report a battery connected induction motor drive is proposed with charging and discharging capabilities converter in motoring mode and ergative breaking mode. Three bidirectional switches are used to charge and discharge the batteries connected in the topology. The topology consists of two batteries with different voltage levels, one at 96V and other at 48V which discharge or charge with respect to the reference value given in the controller. The controller is a PI gain controller which calculates the duty ratio for the switches connected in the converter. A PWM pulse is generated at very high frequency for the switches at diffent modes run using MATLAB Simulink software. The output voltage from the converter is used to run an induction motor and charteristics of the machine are observed by graphs generated with respect to time. All of the critical specifications for DC-DC converters for electric and hybrid vehicles are high performance, small size, lightweight and durability

ANALYTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF TAMRA YOGA

Rasa Shastra is a specialized branch of Ayurveda which mainly deals with the pharmaceutics of unique and potent preparations. Tamra Yoga is an important Rasa Oushadi mentioned in Rasa Tantra Sara Va Siddha Prayoga Sangraha which contains Tamra Bhasma, Yashtimadhu, Chincha Kshara, Trikatu, Sauvarchala lavana and Hingu. Shodhana, Bhavana, Marana, Amrutikarana, Chincha Kshara nirmana and Churna nirmana are the main pharmaceutical procedures employed in the preparation of Tamra Yoga. To assess the toxicity, safety and to understand the structural and chemical composition, it was tested through various modern analytical parameters like X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Particle size analysis (PSA), Zeta Potential (ZP), UV-Spectroscopy, Fourier transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). XRD of Tamra Yoga shows major peaks of KCl (Potassium Chloride), CuS (Copper Sulphide) and minor peaks of HgS (Cinnabar), NaCl (Sodium Chloride), CaS (Calcium Sulphide) and ZnP4 (Zinc Phosphide), K2Fe2O4 (Potassium Iron Oxide). SEM micrographs showed an agglomeration of crystalline irregular sharped particles; EDS analysis confirmed the significant presence of elements viz. O-27.91%, S-21.83%, Cu-26.87% and Hg- 14.29%, K- 3.46%; Particle size was found to be 337.9nm and its Zeta Potential is -12.1mV. UV- Spectrum of Tamra Yoga showed maximum absorption at 307 nm; FT-IR analysis showed 11 peaks between the wavelengths 3356.21 - 418.34 cm-1 and ICP–OES analysis revealed Potassium as main constituent in 14376.50 ppm

RE-GRADE MODEL FOR LABEL BASED ICON SEARCH

An easy approach must be to attach the whole routing path in each and every packet. The publication within the approach is its message overhead may be large for packets with extended routing pathways. While using the routing route to each packet, many measurement and diagnostic approaches can conduct effective management and protocol optimizations for deployed WSNs made up of a great deal unwatched sensor nodes. own path features a novel an easy-weight hash function for verification within the deduced pathways. To be able to further boost the inference capacity along with execution efficiency, own path features a fast bootstrapping formula to rebuild the very first number of pathways. To really increase the risk for iterative boosting effective and efficient, two problems have to be addressed. The hash function ought to be lightweight and efficient enough since it should be focus on resource-restricted sensor nodes. While using the routing route to each packet, many measurement and diagnostic approaches can conduct effective management and protocol optimizations for deployed WSNs made up of a great deal unwatched sensor nodes. We implement own path and evaluate its performance using traces from large-scale WSN deployments additionally to extensive simulations. Results show own path achieves much greater renovation ratios under different network settings when compared with other condition-of-the-art approaches. When compared with PathZip, own path exploits high path similarity between multiple packets for fast inference, leading to far better scalability

Training need Assessment and Knowledge of Village Agricultural Assistants of NTR District of Andhra Pradesh

The present study was designed to assess the training need and knowledge level of village agricultural assistants NTR district of Andhra Pradesh. A total sample of 60 village agricultural assistants working in Rythu Bharosa Kendra’s were taken for the study. The major findings of the study was integrated farming systems and identification of micro nutrient deficiencies in crops in crop production, bio-control of pests and diseases in plant protection, production of low volume and high value crops in horticulture, gender mainstreaming through SHGs in home science as well as women empowerment, feeding management in dairy management practices were the major areas of training needed by them. Similarly, majority of the VAAs were medium followed by high level of knowledge in selected crop management practices. Major constraints expressed by VAAs are excessive work load followed by less number of RBK staff, lack of educational or work related tours and RBK should render service based on seasonal news of farmers along with its regular work, Joint diagnostic field visit of RBK staff with SAU scientists and the suggestions to overcome the constraints are development of mobile application for availing diagnostic, advisory services, development of mobile application for availing diagnostic, advisory services

An Analysis of Impact of COVID -19 on Agriculture, Horticulture Crops and Livetocks in Krishna District, India

The current study was carried out in Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh. Krishna district mainly agrarian district. The major agricultural crops grown in the district are paddy, cotton, Maize, blackgram, greengram, sugarcane, Groundnut Similarly, horticultural crops are chillies, mango, turmeric and buffalos, cows, sheep and goat are the major livestock population in the district. The impact of COVID-19 severely affected the supply chain of various crops that leads to decreases in the prices of various crops. By keeping in the view the present study was selected with an aim to assess the impact of Covid-19 in the Krishna district. The objectives of the study were impact of COVID-19 in agricultural, horticultural and livestock sector, post lock done preparedness of farmers in production and marketing aspects and constrains faced by farmers during Covid -19 in agriculture and allied sectors.  An Ex Post Facto research design followed for the study. The structured interview schedule was prepared for the study and a total of 60 respondents were selected  randomly from six villages of three mandals. Mean, median, frequency and percentage used for data analysis. The findings of the study were impact of covid-19 on production was (8.33%) in agriculture crops, (28.33%) in horticulture crops and (35.00%) on live stock.  Covid-19 impact on Farm gate prices was (25.00%) on agriculture crops, (86.70%) on horticulture crops and 21.66% on live stock.  Whereas impact on availability of inputs in agriculture is (20.00%), horticulture was (23.33%) and livestock was (28.33%) and on labour availability it was 68.33% in agriculture, 80% in horticulture and 40% in live-stock. Farmers during COVID-19 were lack of labour availability, farm labour is huge demand and very costly, market sale prices very less for produce and no marketing facility and cost of cultivation is high are the important constraints faced by the farmers. The study useful to policy makers to understand the impact of the pandemic on agrarian sector