Crystal structure of isobutyl 4-(2-chloro-phenyl)-5-cyano-6-{(E)-[(dimethylamino)-methylidene]amino}-2-methyl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate

The authors thank Dr Babu Varghese, Senior Scientific Officer SAIF, IIT Madras, India, for carrying out the data collection.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Study of factors associated with incisional hernia in female

Background: Incisional hernia is still relatively common in our practice. The aim of the study was to identify risk factors associated with incisional hernia in females in our region.Methods: All the women who presented with incisional hernia between 2010 and 2012 were retrospectively studied using records and preparing a standard form to obtain information on pre-hernia (index) operations and possible predisposing factors. They all had open surgical repair and were followed up for 12-36 months.Results: Fifty two women were treated during study period. The index surgeries leading to the hernias were emergency caesarian section 26/52 (50%), emergency exploratory laparotomy 6/52 (11.6%), and elective surgeries 20/52 (38.5%). Major associated risk factors were the use of wrong suture materials for fascia repair, midline incisions, wound sepsis, and overweight.Conclusions: For elective surgeries, reduction of weight should be encouraged when appropriate, and transverse incisions are preferred. Absorbable sutures should be avoided in fascia closure. Antibiotics should be used for complicated cases

Comparison of the Clinical Profile and Complications of Mixed Malarial Infections of Plasmodium Falciparum and Plasmodium Vivax versus Plasmodium Falciparum Mono-infection

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the clinical presentations and complications in patients having mixed malaria infection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax with those of patients with malaria due to a P. falciparum mono-infection. Methods: The medical records of malaria patients admitted to Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India, during the years 2008–10 were analysed. Inclusion criteria were patients in whom P. falciparum and P. vivax coinfection or P. falciparum mono-infection alone was confirmed on peripheral smear examination. Exclusion criteria were patients in whom P. vivax infection alone was diagnosed on peripheral smear examination. The sample size was twenty patients diagnosed with mixed infection of P. falciparum and P. vivax and 60 patients diagnosed with P. falciparum mono-infection. Results: 35% of mixed infections had thrombocytopenia as compared to 51.7% of P. falciparum mono-infections. A total of 5% of the mixed infections had renal failure as compared to 16.7% of the falciparum mono-infections. Total bilirubin was raised in 15.8% of mixed infections and in 46.6% of falciparum mono-infections. Abnormal liver enzymes were seen in 36.8% of mixed infections and in 66.6% of falciparum mono-infections. None of the mixed infections had a parasite index over 2% while it was present in 28% of the falciparum mono-infections. Conclusion: Patients with mixed infections were found to have a lower incidence of severe complications such as anaemia, thrombocytopenia, liver and renal dysfunction and a lower parasite index. Thus mixed malaria tends to have a more benign course as compared to malaria due to P. falciparum mono-infection

Plasmacytoma of clavicle bone: a case report

Plasmacytoma refers to a malignant tumor composed of plasma cells, which grows within soft tissue or axial skeleton. These are identical to those in plasma cell myeloma, which appears as a solitary lytic lesion on radiological examination. Primary bone tumor of clavicle are uncommon and likely to be malignant. Systemic issues in multiple myeloma are absent in plasmacytoma which makes it a formidable diagnostic challenge. Authors report a case of sixty-two years old female with progressive swelling around medial end of right clavicle associated with pain and restriction in arm movements. X-ray revealed lytic lesion in medial one-third of clavicle. FNAB revealed small to large plasmacytoid cells. CT Angiography revealed ill-defined heterogenous soft tissue density lesion. Since the mass was near the vascular structure, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was given. Solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB) of medial end of clavicle is rare. Surgery is the mainstay treatment but in inoperable cases, adjuvant therapy may be considered. SPB of clavicle is a unique surgical entity with diagnostic and management challenges.

Effectiveness of Vestibular Stimulation on Weight Gain in Preterm Infants

Premature infants undergo a lot of stressful procedures during care and treatment procedure, which may lead to weight changes. Vestibular stimulation is an intervention designed to improve the developmental and physiological outcomes of preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vestibular stimuli on weight gain in preterm infants admitted to the NICU. Quasi experimental study design was used in this study; Total 10 Preterm infants admitted to the NICU who met the inclusion criteria were selected. All 10 preterm infants under went weight monitoring as a pre-test measurement. The intervention method was a vestibular stimulation program which was performed by the researcher for 30 minutes twice daily for 2 weeks. End of 1st week and second week weight measurement was taken as a post test intervention.  All the data’s were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Post intervention weight gain was significant in the group compared to the pre-intervention (p ˂ 0.005). This indicates that the vestibular intervention improves weight gain in premature infants. Since premature infants are usually hospitalized in the NICU for a long time due to their low weight and poor physical condition. Hence, considering its positive outcomes, besides specialized care, this effective and very low cost method could be used by physiotherapist to promote weight gain and early discharge of preterm infants

STUDY OF INCISIONAL HERNIA REPAIR BY PREPERITONEAL MESHPLASTY

Background: Incisional Hernia is a common surgical condition. Preperitoneal mesh repair technique showed reduced number of postoperative complications and recurrence compared to other techniques. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the technique of preperitoneal mesh repair of incisional hernias. Material and Methods: This prospective study consisting of 53 cases was done from January 2011 to December 2012. Preperitoneal mesh repair was done in all the 53 cases. Follow up of 12 to 24 months was carried in the OPD with regards to postoperative complications and recurrences if any. Results: No recurrence was noticed in the present study. Less number of postoperative complications were noticed in the present study. Conclusion: We conclude that preperitoneal mesh repair is the ideal technique for incisional hernia repair

Functional and health promoting inherent attributes of Enterococcus hirae F2 as a novel probiotic isolated from the digestive tract of the freshwater fish Catla catla

Probiotic microorganisms are gaining global importance because of their use in the preparation of a nutraceutical or in the treatment of infections. As per the health industry demand, there is an urgent need for exploring new indigenous probiotic strains with its specific origin due to variation in gut microflora, different food habits and specific host-microbial interactions. The main objective of the present study was to isolate and identify a novel probiotic Enterococcus strain from the gut of Catla catla fish and evaluate its potentiality as a potent probiotic. The whole study was designed with the isolation of novel lactic acid bacterial strain from the gut of Catla catla fish with their biochemical and molecular identifications. The potentiality of the isolated strain as a potent probiotic was carried out according to the parameters described in FAD/WHO guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. The isolated strain was confirmed as Enterococcus hirae F2 on the basis of various biochemical and 16s rRNA gene sequencing methods. Enterococcus hirae F2 was able to survive under highly acidic and bile salt concentration with the ability for the production of lipase and Bsh enzyme. It was also able to survive under simulated gastrointestinal conditions with the inhibition ability of various pathogens. The antioxidant potentiality with the cell surface hydrophobicity and cell aggregation ability confirms its potentiality as a potent probiotic. All the results detail the potency of Enterococcus hirae F2 as a novel probiotic for a safer use. The isolation of Enterococcus hirae with probiotic potential from the gut of fish is a new approach and done for the first time. However, the whole study concluded that the isolated strain might be used as a novel probiotic in the food industry for the production of new probiotic products which imparts health benefits to the host

A case of inferior lumbar hernia

In this article we report a case of inferior lumbar hernia. The patient underwent preperitoneal meshplasty. The patient is well on follow up with no recurrence. The relevant literature has been reviewed and management discussed in brief