In vitro anticancer potential of Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) leaf methanolic extracts via SRB and MTT assays against MCF-7 cell line

Background: Cancer causes millions of deaths worldwide, with cases expected to reach 28.4 million by 2040. Natural plant compounds offer safer alternatives for cancer treatment. Aim: This study tested the anticancer activity of Manilkara hexandra leaf extracts against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Materials and methods: Methanolic extraction, followed by sequential fractionation via column chromatography, yielded bioactive fractions that underwent phytochemical and GC-MS characterization. Quantification of cytotoxicity was performed using sulforhodamine B (SRB) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays across a concentration gradient (10–80 μg/mL). Result and Discussion: Chemical screening found alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and other bioactive compounds. The petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (PE-EA) fraction contained quercetin (25.28%) and another major flavonoid (28.62%). This fraction exhibited strong dose-dependent cell killing, reducing cell survival to 31.8% (SRB) and 33.0% (MTT) at 80 μg/mL (p < 0.001). The IC₅₀ was 55 μg/mL in both assays. Conclusion: The anticancer activity correlates with high flavonoid content, suggesting these compounds cause cell death through apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. M. hexandra PE-EA fraction shows promise as a natural anticancer agent for breast cancer treatmen

An exPADItion for citrullination in the developing hair follicle

During epidermal development, to assure proper tissue structure, highly complex transcriptional networks interact within the stem cell compartments of the epidermis and hair follicles (HFs) to balance the choice between self-renewal or differentiation. The full characterisation of the protein profiles resulting from those transcriptional networks, within the compartments of the HF, remains, however, incomplete. Moreover, the proteins themselves can be regulated via posttranslational modification (PTMs). One such PTM is citrullination, carried out by the peptidylarginine deiminase (PADI) family of enzymes. Although, PADIs have been described in other stem and progenitor cells, their role in hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) and progenitor lineages have remained elusive. The main objectives of this thesis are to address the functional consequences of PADI expression in HFSCs during development. Paper I identifies Padi4 expression in the developing HF, where it is found to participate in restricting proliferation and lineage commitment of HF progenitors, as well as playing a role in the central mechanism for translational control, and by doing so altering the distinct sequential events that mark HF differentiation progression. As a result, we identify citrullination as a means to assert regulation of protein function in HFSCs and progenitors. Paper II identifies alternative isoforms of PADI2 and PADI3, in oligodendrocytes and HF differentiated cells, respectively, and show that the alternative isoforms have an incumbering effect on the enzymatic activity and stability of their conventional counterparts. Paper III is a review paper in which meta-analysis of published human citrullinomes in health and inflammatory disease reveals that citrullination is a commonplace yet highly dynamic molecular regulator of protein function. A strong case is made for the involvement of PADIs and citrullination in hair follicle stem cell biology and inflammatory alopecia. Paper IV addresses the involvement of transcription factor ID1 in self-renewal and differentiation of epidermal progenitor cells during development. This study describes how ID1 facilitates synchronisation of progenitor proliferation and differentiation via TCF3- binding, and establishes a novel axis of coordination for how BMP-induction of Id1 expression via pSMAD1/5 is supressed by CEBPa. The combined efforts within this thesis demonstrate the clear and overarching importance of PADIs and citrullination in skin developmental physiology

An Overview of the Effective Green Process for Nanopartical Synthesis and its Uses

Nanoparticles have drawn a lot of attention because of their special qualities and wide range of uses in industries including electronics, medicine, and catalysis. However, hazardous chemicals and energy-intensive procedures are frequently used in conventional nanoparticle synthesis methods, which raises manufacturing costs and pollutes the environment. As a result, the necessity for effective and environmentally friendly green ways of synthesising nanoparticles is increasing.This presentation focuses on a cutting-edge green approach to nanoparticle manufacturing that consumes less energy and environmentally favourable materials. To aid in the creation of nanoparticles, the process makes use of plant extracts or bio-waste products as stabilisers and reducing agents. Rich in phytochemicals or biomolecules that can effectively bind to and decrease metal ions are the plant extracts and bio-waste products

Biological Potential of Caesalpinia bonducella Seeds: A Review

Caesalpinia bonducella L. is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae. The plant is found in all over India. The plant is a large prickly shrub. It is popular in indigenous system of medicine like Ayurveda, Siddha, Homoeopathy and Unani. In Indian traditional plant medicine, it has been considered as an important remedy for the treatment of several diseases. The plant has been reported to possess antimalarial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, antipyretic, antifertility antiviral and antimalarial etc. activities of various parts of C bonducella plant. It can be concluded that C. bonducella can become the best source of medicine in future on various ailments with further investigations. Hence attempts have been made to take collect and compile the information about the traditional use of various parts of C.bonducella in various ailments, chemical constituents from various parts and the effective use of various extracts for treatment of different diseases. Keywords:  Caesalpinia bonducella , Pharmacology, Nutritional Values

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic activities of Feronia elephantum gum in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Gum of the plant Feronia elephantum Correa (Rutaceae) is useful in the treatment of diabetes in primitive books and conventional medicine. The present study was aimed to evaluate antidiabetic effect of Feronia elephantum gum extract in different doses along with antihyperlipidemic activity. In vitro antidiabetic activity was studied by inhibition of alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzymes. We have tried to separate some of fatty material from the feronia gum and assessed the pharmacological activity. Polyethylene glycol was converted to PEG-COOH using succinic anhydride by using conjugation chemistry technique and then was allowed to react with NHS (n- hydroxyl succinimide) to synthesize PEG-NH2 complex. Conjugation of plant compound containing COOH terminal was synthesized in the final reaction. The presence of Nitrogen and oxygen was identified in elemental CHN analysis. The conjugated compound was studied by NMR spectroscopy to find out the compounds conjugated with PEG complex. Single intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 55 mg/kg was used for induction of diabetes. Feronia gum aqueous extract was studied for pharmacological activities at a dose of 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg and was compared with diabetic control group using Metformin as a standard drug. Real Time Polymerase chain reaction was carried out to study the mRNA expression of IRS2 gene, PPARα gene and GRIA2 gene. FGE 400 showed significant inhibition for alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzymes. Increased blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin, body weight and urine volume was significantly decreased by treatment with FGE 400. Antidiabetic activity of FGE 400 was supported by insulin content, liver glycogen, antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GPx , GST); hepatic glucose metabolic enzymes (Glucokinase, Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose 6 phosphatase, fructose 1, 6 bisphosphatase), liver damage markers (SGOT, SGPT, ALP), histopathology study of pancreas and liver. FGE400 has positive effects for carbohydrate metabolism in liver (IRS2 gene), lowers the hepatic inflammation (PPARα gene) and increases insulin secretion (GRIA2 gene). From the study it can be concluded that Feronia elephantum gum extract is having prominent antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities in dose dependent manner. Further studies are required for isolation and characterization of active chemical constituents

Authentication System Using Text and 3D Image Password

The purpose of this paper is increasing the safety house and avoiding the weakness of typical word. pc world surroundings authentication plays a vital role for word. User authentication is one amongst the foremost vital procedures needed to access secure and confidential information. Authentication of users is sometimes achieved through text-based passwords. Therefore researchers of recent days have gone for different strategies wherever in graphical image square measure used as a word. Image based mostly authentication permits user to form graphical word that has benefits over text-based passwords. Graphical passwords are designed to form passwords a lot of unforgettable and easier for folks to use. Persuasive Technology is employed to guide user’s alternative in click-based graphical passwords, exalting users to pick out a lot of random and therefore harder to guess click-points. during this paper, we've modified the method of clicking on the photographs and to form the word safer Advanced secret writing normal (AES) technique is employed so authentication are often come safer and word will be generated, attested & protected simply. This Paper is enhance the safety, a user has got to decide a sequence for the photographs used throughout registration. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150611

Biological Potential of Tribulus terrestris

Plants have a significant role in preserving human health and improving quality of life. gokshura (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) one of such plants, is mentioned in Ayurvedic texts for various therapeutic properties like balya(strengthening),  brimhana (nutritive), rasayana(rejuvenator), mootrala(diuretic), shothahara(anti-inflammatory), vajikarana (aphrodisiac) etc. and useful in the management of mutrakrichhra (dysurea), ashmari (renal calculi) etc. It is a perennial plant, grown predominantly in India and Africa. Its extract contains alkaloids, saponins, resins, flavanoids and nitrates. As its therapeutic values, a review has been done to gather information on different aspects of gokshura. Further Ayurvedic references, the present paper also emphasizes on recent researches carried out on this plant for its pharmacological evaluation. Keywords: Tribulus terrestris, Diuretic, Pharmacolog

Blend recognition from CAD mesh models using pattern matching

This paper reports a unique, platform-independent approach for blend recognition from CAD mesh model using pattern matching. About 60% of the average portion of the total facets in CAD mesh model is blended features. So, it becomes essential and necessary to extract these blend features for the successful accomplishment of seamless CAD/CAM integration. The facets of the same region have similar patterns. The focus of this paper is to recognize the blends using hybrid mesh segmentation based on pattern matching. Blend recognition has been carried out in three phases viz. preprocessing, pattern matching hybrid mesh segmentation and blend feature identification. In preprocessing, the adjacency relationship is set in facets of CAD mesh model, and then Artificial Neural Networks based threshold prediction is employed for hybrid mesh segmentation. In the second phase, pattern matching hybrid mesh segmentation is used for clustering the facets into patches based on distinct geometrical properties. After segmentation, each facet group is subjected to several conformal tests to identify the type of analytical surfaces such as a cylinder, cone, sphere, or tori. In the blend feature recognition phase, the rule-based reasoning is used for blend feature extraction. The proposed method has been implemented in VC++ and extensively tested on benchmark test cases for prismatic surfaces. The proposed algorithm extracts the features with coverage of more than 95 %. The innovation lies in “Facet Area” based pattern matching hybrid mesh segmentation and blend recognition rules. The extracted feature information can be utilized for downstream applications like tool path generation, computer-aided process planning, FEA, reverse engineering, and additive manufacturing

Role of multi-detector computed tomography in characterization of ovarian masses with cyto-histopathological correlation

Background: Ovarian cancer continues to pose a major challenge to physicians and radiologists. Besides clinical examination, CA 125 levels, and ultrasonography, CT scan is also used as a diagnostic technique for ovarian carcinoma and is superior to US in assessment of the nature of ovarian masses. With the advent of MDCT, it has become possible to acquire several thin slices and image reconstruction in axial, coronal and sagittal planes contributing valuable information towards preoperative surgical and management planning. Objectives:  To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MDCT to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian masses and to compare the findings with cyto- histopathological results. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the department of Radio diagnosis, Dr. Balasaheb Vikhe Patil rural medical college and Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Pravara Rural hospital, Loni BK, 413736 during the period of April 2021 to June 2022.CT imaging findings of 50 patients with ovarian masses were compared with cyto-histopathological results. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of MDCT were calculated. Results: 50 cases were evaluated by Computed Tomography; total 60 lesions were found (10 bilateral / 50 unilateral). Benign ovarian lesions were present in 28 patients whereas malignant ovarian lesions were present in 22 patients based on Computed Tomography. Cyto/histopathological correlation revealed benign lesions in 30 patients and malignant lesions in 20 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of Computed Tomography was found to be 90.0%, 86.6%, 89%, 85% and 90.0%. Conclusion: MDCT imaging offers a safe, accurate and noninvasive modality to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian masses

Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth

A tooth that has been properly treated endodontically should have a good prognosis. It can resume full function and if necessary serve satisfactory as an abutment for a fixed and removable partial denture. However special techniques are needed to restore such a tooth. Traditionally, a pulpless tooth received a dowel or post to “reinforce” it and a crown to “protect” it. Until the introduction of ZnPO4 cement in the last century. The major problem with their use was that of post retention. Currently, the clinician can use a variety of port and core systems for the different endodontic and restorative requirements. However, no single system provides the perfect restorative solution for every clinical circumstance, and each situation requires individual evaluation