El Cinca bajo teñido de sangre. Los «curetas» de Monzón y los Gascó de Sena camino de la glorificación martirial cristiana. [Reseña]

Reseña de: Jacinto PERAIRE FERRER, El Cinca bajo teñido de sangre. Los «curetas» de Monzón y los Gascó de Sena camino de la glorificación martirial cristiana, BAC, Madrid 2003, 201 pp

Presencia mallorquina en el golfo de Cádiz y Sevilla (1248-1349)

El comercio entre los reinos de Mallorca y Castilla estuvo marcado por la batalla permanente de los reyes castellanos por reducir al mínimo las transacciones comerciales isleñas con granadinos y benimerines. El tráfico comercial entre Sevilla y Mallorca tuvo como puertos de apoyo los de Sanlúcar de Barrameda y Cádiz. Tras su conquista en 1344 hasta su recuperación por los granadinos en 1368, Algeciras se convirtió, en perjuicio de Cádiz, en el centro logístico de los mallorquines

Puertos y fondeadores de la Bahía Palmesana en la Edad Media

They present the different anchoring-places of the Majorcan bay between the XIth and XIVth century. From the Cabo Blanco to that of Cala Figuera, the Arenal, Portitxol, Palma, Portopí, Illetas or La Porrasa give service to the nautical needs of the villages that will shape the Balearic history. Likewise, ther is analyzed the dynamics and Palma-Portopi’s port infrastructure by his agents: the guardians of the port.They present the different anchoring-places of the Majorcan bay between the XIth and XIVth century. From the Cabo Blanco to that of Cala Figuera, the Arenal, Portitxol, Palma, Portopí, Illetas or La Porrasa give service to the nautical needs of the villages that will shape the Balearic history. Likewise, ther is analyzed the dynamics and Palma-Portopi’s port infrastructure by his agents: the guardians of the port

Advances in imaging of new targets for pharmacological intervention in stroke: real-time tracking of T-cells in the ischaemic brain

Background and purpose: T‐cells may play a role in the evolution of ischaemic damage and repair, but the ability to image these cells in the living brain after a stroke has been limited. We aim to extend the technique of real‐time in situ brain imaging of T‐cells, previously shown in models of immunological diseases, to models of experimental stroke. Experimental approach: Male C57BL6 mice (6–8 weeks) (n= 3) received a total of 2–5 × 106 carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)‐labelled lymphocytes from donor C57BL6 mice via i.v. injection by adoptive transfer. Twenty‐four hours later, recipient mice underwent permanent left distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by electrocoagulation or by sham surgery under isoflurane anaesthesia. Female hCD2‐green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice that exhibit GFP‐labelled T‐cells underwent MCAO. At 24 or 48 h post‐MCAO, a sagittal brain slice (1500 µm thick) containing cortical branches of the occluded middle cerebral artery (MCA) was dissected and used for multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM). Key results: Our results provide direct observations for the first time of dynamic T‐cell behaviour in living brain tissue in real time and herein proved the feasibility of MPLSM for ex vivo live imaging of immune response after experimental stroke. Conclusions and Implications: It is hoped that these advances in the imaging of immune cells will provide information that can be harnessed to a therapeutic advantage

Lesions in the posterior visual pathway promote trans-synaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells.

Objective Retrograde trans-synaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) has been proposed as one of the mechanisms contributing to permanent disability after visual pathway damage. We set out to test this mechanism taking advantage of the new methods for imaging the macula with high resolution by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with lesions in the posterior visual pathway. Additionally, we explored the association between thinning of GCL as an imaging marker of visual impairment such as visual field defects. Methods Retrospective case note review of patients with retrogeniculate lesions studied by spectral domain OCT of the macula and quadrant pattern deviation (PD) of the visual fields. Results We analysed 8 patients with either hemianopia or quadrantanopia due to brain lesions (stroke  = 5; surgery  = 2; infection  = 1). We found significant thinning of the GCL in the projecting sector of the retina mapping to the brain lesion. Second, we found strong correlation between the PD of the visual field quadrant and the corresponding macular GCL sector for the right (R = 0.792, p<0.001) and left eyes (R = 0.674, p<0.001). Conclusions The mapping between lesions in the posterior visual pathway and their projection in the macula GCL sector corroborates retrograde trans-synaptic neuronal degeneration after brain injury as a mechanism of damage with functional consequences. This finding supports the use of GCL thickness as an imaging marker of trans-synaptic degeneration in the visual pathway after brain lesions

Un adolescente en la retaguardia. Memoria de la guerra civil (1936-1939). [Reseña]

Reseña de: Miguel GIL IMIRIZALDU, Un adolescente en la retaguardia. Memoria de la guerra civil (1936-1939), Ediciones Encuentro, Madrid 2006, 213 pp