An implicit finite volume nodal point scheme for the solution of two-dimensional compressible navier-stokes equations

An implicit finite volume nodal point scheme has been developed for solving the two-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The numerical scheme is evolved by efficiently combining the basic ideas of the implicit finite-difference scheme of Beam and Warming (1978) with those of nodal point schemes due to Hall (1985) and Ni (1982). The 2-D Navier-Stokes solver is implemented for steady, laminar/turbulent flows past airfoils by using C-type grids. Turbulence closure is achieved by employing the algebraic eddy-viscosity model of Baldwin and Lomax (1978). Results are presented for the NACA-0012 and RAE-2822 airfoil sections. Comparison of the aerodynamic coefficients with experimental results for the different test cases presented here establishes the validity and efficiency of the method

Hj. Samuri Sate Kajang Office Automation Using Lotus Notes Application

The advances of modem computer technology today have prompted offices to automate their office processing. As businesses continue to expand, the need to automate office processes increases. It is vital to incorporate computer technology to remain competitive. The main object of this study is to create a working system capable of routing forms and saving data in the database. It is to collect information such as staff information and new branch addresses. It allows employees to request stationeries online where the processing and routing is done by the office system. It also has a discussion database that helps employees to communicate among themselves. The discussion database allows the placing of comments and notices for others to view. The system was built using Lotus Notes version 5, a powerful workflow tool. Graphics were modified using Sierra Home SnapShot Express. The text was written using both the in-built word processor of Lotus Notes and Microsoft Word 2000. This system simplifies work and allows for faster document processing. The system is kept open to allow future upgrades and modification

Teacher’s and Students’ Perceptions Between Flipped Classroom and Traditional Classroom At Primary Tamil School

This research was carried out in order to investigate teacher’s and student’s perceptions to promote active learning through flipped classroom among Tamil school teachers and students. A quantitative research design was used to carry out this study.The dependent variables in this study were teacher’s and student’s perceptions while the independent variables were traditional and flipped classroom. The sample consisted of 20 primary school teachers, 36 students from year 4 from primary Tamil school.Teachers’ perception interview questions were based on Snowden (2012) and a structured questionnaire to determine student perceptions between two different learning environments, flipped classroom and traditional classroom, was adapted from the Student Perception of Instruction Questionnaire (SPIQ) by Johnson and Renner (2012). The researchers distributed the survey questionnaire to primary Tamil school teachers and students. An independent samples t-test was conducted to compare student perception in a traditional and flipped classroom setting. A t-test for independent samples revealed a significant difference in perception between students that learn from a different learning culture (t(57) = -3.71, p < .05). The mean students who learn in a traditional classroom reported significantly different perceptions (M = 4.45, SD = .38) than students who learn in a flipped classroom (M = 4.93, SD = .40). In other words, students in the traditional classroom appear to have a better perception on method of delivery than the flipped classroom. Existing conventional teaching methods need to be transformed to ensure that the country's education system is able to move along the latest and competitive learning. Flipped classroom is one of the methods with potential to realize this vision

Nanostructured mesoporous carbon as electrodes for supercapacitors

Symmetrical carbon/carbon double layer capacitors (EDLCs) were fabricated employing nanostructured mesoporous nongraphitized carbon black (NMCB) powders and their EDLC behavior was studied using electrochemical techniques viz., cyclic voltammetry, a.c.-impedance, and constant current cycling. Rectangular shape cyclic characteristics were observed indicating the double layer behavior of the NMCB carbon electrodes. The mechanism of double layer formation and frequency dependent capacitance were deduced from the ac-impedance analysis. Specific capacitance, power density and energy density were derived from constant current charge/discharge measurements. NMCB powders demonstrated a specific capacitance of about ∼39 F g−1 and the power density of 782 W kg−1 at a current density of 32 mA cm−2. Nevertheless, at a low current density (3 mA cm−2), the specific capacitance of ∼44 F g−1 was achieved, which corroborates with the values obtained by means of ac-impedance (40 F g−1) and cyclic voltammetry (41.5 F g−1). The test cells demonstrated the stable cycle performance over several hundreds of cycles

Lady nurtures mangrove trees

At this time when the depletion ofl mangroves is a hotly debated issue, a woman in Kerala, India fosters the care o f hundreds ofl mangrove trees in a tourist hamlet. For the past 35 years, Ms. Mariamma and her family at Kumarakom, Kottayam have planted and nurtured these trees as if they were her childre