Blowing jets as a circulation flow control to enhancement the lift of wing or generated power of wind turbine

The goal of this paper is to provide a numerical flow analysis based on RANS equations in two directions: the study of augmented high-lift system for a cross-section airfoil of a wing up to transonic regime and the circulation control implemented by tangentially blowing jet over a highly curved surface due to Coanda effect on a rotor blade for a wind turbine. This study were analyzed the performance, sensitivities and limitations of the circulation control method based on blowing jet for a fixed wing as well as for a rotating wing. Directions of future research are identified and discussed

Twisted Contact Structures in Turbulent Flows

The “hairpin” vortical structure initiated from a conceptual model of Theodorsen refers to a Ω-shaped vortex with two streamwise-oriented legs connected via a raised spanwise-oriented arch. Both computational and experimental studies in flow visualization revealed considerable disagreement as to the underlying hairpin vortex generation mechanism as well as its interpretation. The goal of this paper is to give a deeper insight of this key issue closely related to the turbulence as a dynamic stochastic phenomenon involving the origin and its generation mechanism. The topological concept of twisted contact structures associated with vorticity concentrations in wall-bounded flows strongly contorted at the starting-time is used to explain the genuine structured turbulence of Lagrangian nature at sufficiently large Reynolds numbers. The dynamical stochastic models of starting impact permit to identify two intrinsic scales for describing the starting impact-wall twist relationship generating a local turbulence mechanism. The inertia scale (rate of inertia, e) and circulation scale (azimuthal wave length, π) are measures for impact and twist, respectively, the turbulence lying in their dynamics like a torsion pendulum mechanism. The intrinsic scales of molecular nature have an interesting correspondence in macro-flow field through two relativistic well-known parameters: Mach number and Reynolds number playing the role of some reduced amplitudes and frequencies of the compressibility waves generated by the starting impact/shock. The maximum amplitude 2/3M∞= defines a critical Reynolds number 25200Re1/22/310/scraNm≡=⋅ρ (a0 –sound velocity of air at rest), numerically equal to the maximum impact pressure where the frictional shearing stress is near annulled, and its inverse value is the equilibrium kinematic viscosity 2201.510/ms−=⋅ν or the stable minimum circulation at a contact surface. These reference dimensional quantities are used to a more comprehensive definition of the current Reynolds numbers as the ratio of 20(/)V∞ν contact to (/)Vl∞ outer flow frequencies. Then, it is shown that the wave behavior of wall-bounded flows have a universal character (regardless of much diversity of flow cases) where the wall torsion pressure and the frictional wave drag are more realistic models than Lighthill’s boundary vorticity flux (BVF) mechanism and semi-empirical Prandtl’s wall law

The regenerative solar system. Unified theory of physics

The Euler’s holomorphic regenerative universe is a quantum-gravitational theory of Earth development recognizing that oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the Earth’s hydrosphere engender biological processes along with living organisms able to reshape the planet as surely as any physical force, but with delayed effects, the so-called torsional/gravitational buckling lag. Herein, the environmental sciences as a Vernadsky’s hypothesis precursor to these, become vital for preserving biological recurrent cycles, their nature being artificially changed by a vicious human intervention. The present paper describes the thermal gravitational mechanism of a solar system associated with the regenerative processes of molecular structures (in biology called metabolism or growth) at the quantum-gravitational scale, too slow to be perceived. The term “morph” (or the concept of “morphing” in aeronautics, in mathematics called topological holomorphism) originates from ancient Greeks and refers to the shape, figure, or other related aspects of an evolving entity. Therefore, morphing/morphism pertains to the process of modifying the original form or appearance of a particular object or system. The planets of solar system like “cosmic organisms” can manipulate the curvature and twist of their surfaces to maintain precise control over their recurrent cyclical complex motions (double, orbital and sideral rotations) by the thermal gravitational waves. The out of order function of the thermal gravitational mechanism can lead to the global warming effects associated with both reshaping (earthquakes, fires, floods) surfaces and morphing (as a whole energy metabolism) mutations, crucial for perpetuity of human beings. At the same time, the concept of quantum-gravity light with a topological dual isomorphic structure solves the fundamental problem of a unified theory of physical forces, as kinematic fast dynamo electromagnetic forces for splitting quanta bonded into atomic structures, and persistent (long time) gravitational forces for non-splitting quanta bonded into thermomolecular morphing structures. The only problem remains to gauge such multiple cooperative physical phenomena induced by light, which is solved by diverse reciprocity/equivalence theorems and corresponding conversion factors

The Euler’s harmonic holomorphic regenerative universe

The Cartesian dualism is a precursor to Euler’s complex theory, that completes the Descartes-Leibnitz monadic conception using the natural quanta (non-splitting e, π) along with their topological torsion in the form of dual isomorphism. The complete Euler’s identity controls a bounded regenerative/ recurrent multiverse (a kind of multigraph) by two regenerative exponential functions, one quantic, e = exp (1) and another gravitational, g0 ≡ 10 = exp (1) with the fixed points, g0 = π2 and (g0g0) respectively. Physically, the fixed points give the well-defined the unit gravity (g0 m/s2) and light self-ignition velocity of a stable recurrent self-sustained process, provided the rate of mass production just equals the rate removal. This is the Euler’s fictitious regenerative universe - like our world, a quantum autocatalytic reaction system. The present paper describes such a system controlled by thermal gravitational waves, in the case the critical solar system

Light, Gravity and Matter (with emphasis on thermo-gravity waves)

What are light, gravity, and regenerating matter? Where do they originate and where do they go? The answers to these questions lie in one of the most powerful equations ever discovered: Euler's formula (i.e., complex analysis). This extraordinary theory forms the foundation of eternal existence, providing the building blocks of reality. It resolves the long-standing problem of Cartesian dualism by demonstrating precisely how the mind generates matter through the metastable (phasing) equilibrium of a quantum dual isomorphism (e, π). Physically, this dual isomorphism manifests as recurrent thermal particles, similar to photons, referred to as thermistors. Thermistors (e-plus, π-minus) produce self-sustained wavy light in the form of smoldering flamelessly combustion at low temperatures, controlled (or filtered) by thermo-gravity waves that are eternally retained in light. Gravity provides an isoperimetric thermal charge to stabilize temperature fluctuations. This critical combustion process can generate thermomolecular and chemical structures, including biological (living) cells at the Avogadro scale (). At the back-oriented self-ignition velocity ( = 1010 /), a thermally polarized field occurs within an internal gravitational field, associated with the morpho synthesis of thermomolecular structures in frozen equilibrium (frozen chemistry). This occurs at low temperatures and high pressures ( = 0−272 ), constituting the first defrosting phase. Subsequently, the redshift phenomenon takes place, resulting in the displacement of the thermal spectrum ( = 0−500°), marking the second defrosting stage. A phasing theory and the main effects of natural wavy light, characterized by low isoperimetric temperature fluctuations, are illustrated through both chemical microcosmic and macrocosmic examples

Random Turbulence Versus Structured Turbulence

The turbulence flows involve more or less the intermittent behavior of motions in two aspects. The first one is the so-called external intermittency associated with what is called partially turbulence flows, especially with the strongly irregular and convoluted structure (little understood) and random movement of the boundary between the turbulent and non-turbulent fluid. The second aspect is the so-called scale (small wave numbers) inertial or intrinsic intermittency and associated with spotty temporal (“bursting phenomenon”) and spatial patterns of the small scale structures at the fluid – solid interface. This structured turbulence of molecular thermal nature is called Lagrangian turbulence, in which a volume-preserving flow has flowlines which fill up regions of space ergodically. The origin and the self – sustaining mechanism of the structured turbulence are described in the sequel by means of the starting impact inducing three self-sustaining wave configurations which further are propagated in the flow field as vorticity wave packets of soliton type. The result of the whole process is easily observed in the form of hairpin vortex packets so-called – shaped coherent vortical structures, but is extremely difficult to interpret understand and explain. In this paper it is shown that hairpin vortex generation mechanism is governed by principle of “” momentum – energy invariance for elastic collisions constrained to slide frictionless on the contact surface

A Wave Theory of Incompressible Fluid Turbulence: Wall/ Elastic Turbulence

The true problem of turbulence dynamics is the problem of its origin and successive development from some initial conditions (IC) at some boundary conditions (BC) to an ultimate state restored, in a statistical sense, as fully developed turbulence. Since this intricate route is unknown up to now, a second approach is used quite frequently. That is, turbulent flows are studied as they are disregarding their origin, and without looking into some of the details of the mechanisms of turbulence production and sustenance. The last approach has been mainly represented by Kolmogorov’s papers which have kept the turbulence community quite busy until now. This fractional/ local approach aiming to describe theoretically the extremely complicated details of the visible fluctuating motion superimposed on a main motion, i.e. its “noise”, to the detriment of the essential aspects of turbulence (the origin and its self-sustaining mechanism), was however worth developing both mathematical and experimental analysis methods for the representation/ decomposition of the flow field. On the other hand, the extremely detailed decompositions became to some extent less useful by obscuring the physics of turbulence. In this paper, we propose a holistic approach for the entire evolution of turbulence phenomenon as being created and governed by boundary vorticity dynamics, which in our opinion mostly responds to Leonardo da Vinci’s questions: where the turbulence is generated, where the turbulence maintains for long, and where the turbulence comes to rest. In contrast to the previous approaches, here we will try firstly to understand the hidden causes of various existing visible facts and then to explain them