Світова фінансова криза як індикатор необхідності переходу до нової світової валютної системи

У даній статті обгрунтовано неможливість інерційного розвитку світових валютно-фінансових відносин у межах Ямайської валютної системи.In the article the impossibility of inertial development of world currency-financial relations within the limits of the Jamaican currency system is presented

Zigzag line defects and manipulation of colloids in a nematic liquid crystal in microwrinkle grooves

Spatially confined liquid crystals exhibit non-uniform alignment, often accompanied by self-organised topological defects of non-trivial shape in response to imposed boundary conditions and geometry. Here we show that a nematic liquid crystal, when confined in a sinusoidal microwrinkle groove, exhibits a new periodic arrangement of twist deformations and a zigzag line defect. This periodic ordering results from the inherent liquid crystal elastic anisotropy and the antagonistic boundary conditions at the flat liquid crystal–air and the curved liquid crystal–groove interfaces. The periodic structure can be tuned by controlling the groove geometry and the molecular chirality, which demonstrates the importance of boundary conditions and introduced asymmetry for the engineering of topological defects. Moreover, the kinks in the zigzag defects can trap small particles, which may afford a new method for manipulation of colloids. Our system, which uses easily fabricated microwrinkle grooves, provides a new microfabrication method based on the arrangement of controllable defects

UNDERSTANDING OF COMPARATIVE AND OPPOSING RELATIONSHIP IN A COMPLEX SENTENCE

The article is devoted to the study of the content of the concepts of comparative relations, oppositional relations in a complex sentence. The work shows the ambiguity of these terms and their possible identification through the notion of opposition</jats:p

Coupled injection microlasers with saturable absorber as optical model of a neuron

A laser structure consisting of several coupled injection lasers with saturable absorber, running in a hard mode of turn on, is discussed as optical model of a neuron. The essential properties of two principal neuron components, axon and soma, may be simulated by such a structure. The vertical cavity surface emitting lasers with two parallel p-n junctions are considered as the most convenient active elements for this structure. ©2005 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Light-Induced Director-Controlled Microassembly of Dye Molecules from a Liquid Crystal Matrix

We report on a light-induced phenomenon in dye-doped liquid crystals (LCs) with the distinctive features of molecular transport and assembly at micron scales. Under single-beam laser irradiation, the dye molecules phase separate from the LC host and assemble onto the cell substrate. Although the intensity of incident light is uniform within the irradiated area, the density of the adsorbed dye is modulated in accord with the director modulation of the LC. The dye molecules form a surface imprint that portrays orientational distortions of the LC host.</p