Complicações cirurgicas do terceiro molar

Este trabalho foi realizado com o propósito de abordar um tema com fulcral interesse para os Médicos Dentistas, devido ao seu importante valor prático. A extracção dos terceiros molares é um dos procedimentos de cirurgia orais mais realizados e, às vezes podem surgir complicações durante a cirurgia ou no pós-operatório. A avaliação cuidadosa pré-operatória é um passo importante para prevenir o aparecimento de complicações graves. Alguns fatores de risco estão intimamente relacionados com o aparecimento destas complicações, tais como a idade do paciente, infecções, o nível de inclusão dos dentes e situações anatómicas. Este meu trabalho tem o objetivo de rever a literatura específica existente sobre as complicações cirúrgicas do Terceiro Molar. Para a realização da pesquisa bibliográfica foram consultados artigos científicos em revistas específicas do sector dentário e livros relevantes ao tema principal.This work was carried out with the purpose of approaching an interesting topic to the Dentists because of its important practical value. Extraction of third molars is one of the most common oral surgery procedures and, complications sometimes, can occur during surgery or post - operative period. Pre-operative evaluation is a phase of crucial importance to prevent serious complications. Some risk factors, considered to be closely linked to the onset of these problems, such as the patient age, infections, the level of the teeth inclusion and anatomical situations. This my work has as its objective to revise the existing specific literature on the surgical complications of the Third Molar. For the accomplishment of the bibliographical research were consulted scientific articles on specific journals in the dental sector and books relevant to the main theme

Online Auction and List Price Revenue Management

We analyze a revenue management problem in which a seller facing a Poisson arriving stream of customers operates an online multiunit auction. Customers have an alternative list price channel where to get the product from. We consider two variants of this problem: In the first one, the list price is an external channel run by another firm. In the second variant, the seller manages simultaneously both the auction and the list price channels. Each consumer, trying to maximize his own surplus, must decide either to buy at the posted price and get the item at no risk, or to join the auction and wait until its end, where the winners are revealed and the auction price is disclosed. Our approach consists of two parts. First, we study structural properties of the problem, and show that the equilibrium strategy for both versions of this game is of the threshold type, meaning that a consumer will join the auction only if his arrival time is above a function of his own valuation. This consumerâs strategy can be computed using an iterative algorithm in a function space, provably convergent under some conditions. Unfortunately, this procedure is computationally intensive. To overcome this, we formulate an asymptotic version of the problem, in which the demand rate and the initial number of units grow proportionally large. We get a simple closed form for the equilibrium strategy in this regime, which is then used as an approximated solution for the original problem. Numerical computations show that this heuristic is very accurate. The asymptotic solution culminates then in simple and precise recipes for how bidders should behave, and how the seller should structure the auction, and price the product in the dual channel case.Information Systems Working Papers Serie

HDAC inhibition is associated to valproic acid induction of early megakaryocytic markers

Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, causes differentiation in different cell lines and in a cell-specific manner; yet, its effect on megakaryocytic (MK) differentiation has not been studied. We evaluated whether VPA induces MK differentiation in a UT-7 cell line through histone acetylation in the GpIIIa gene region and activation of the ERK pathway. UT-7 cells, derived from megakaryoblastic leukemia, were treated with VPA at various concentrations, and the expression of differentiation markers as well as the gene expression profile was assessed. Flow cytometry, immunoblot analysis, and RT-PCR demonstrated that VPA induced the expression of the early MK markers GpIIIa (CD61) and GpIIb/IIIa (CD41) in a dose-dependent manner. The VPA-treated cells showed hyperacetylation of the histones H3 and H4; in particular, histone acetylation was found to have been associated with CD61 expression, in that the GpIIIa promoter showed H4 hyperacetylation, as demonstrated by the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Furthermore, activation of the ERK pathway was involved in VPA-mediated CD61/CD41 expression and in cell adhesion, as demonstrated by using the MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126. In conclusion, the capacity of VPA to commit UT-7 cells to MK differentiation is mediated by its inhibitory action on HDAC and the long-lived activation of ERK1/2

Surgical treatment of an aseptic fistulized acromioclavicular joint cyst: a case report and review of the literature.

An acromioclavicular joint cyst is an uncommonly reported condition, which seems to result from a massive rotator cuff tear and degenerative osteoarthritis of the acromioclavicular joint. We present the case of an 81-year-old man affected by an acromioclavicular joint cyst, associated to a massive rotator cuff tear, proximal migration of the humeral head and osteoarthritis of the gleno-humeral joint. The mass was 7 x 2.5 cm in size and the overlying skin presented a fistula that drained clear synovial-like fluid. Plain X-ray examination of the left shoulder showed proximal migration of the humeral head migration and osteoarthritis of the gleno-humeral joint, and further MRI evaluation confirmed the clinical diagnosis of a complete rotator cuff tear and observed a large subcutaneous cyst in communication with the degenerative acromioclavicular joint. The patient underwent surgical excision of the cyst and lateral resection of the clavicle to prevent disease recurrence. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an acromioclavicular joint cyst complicated by an aseptic fistula resulting from multiple aspirations

Key role of MEK/ERK pathway in sustaining tumorigenicity and in vitro radioresistance of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma stem-like cell population

The identification of signaling pathways that affect the cancer stem-like phenotype may provide insights into therapeutic targets for combating embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the MEK/ERK pathway in controlling the cancer stem-like phenotype using a model of rhabdospheres derived from the embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (RD)

Efficacy of free glutathione and niosomal glutathione in the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in cats

Acetaminophen (APAP) administration results in hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in cats. The response to three different treatments against APAP poisoning was evaluated. Free glutathione (GSH) (200mg/kg), niosomal GSH (14 mg/kg) and free amino acids (180 mg/kg of N-acetylcysteine and 280 mg/kg of methionine) were administered to cats that were intoxicated with APAP (a single dose of 150 mg/kg, p.o.). Serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) along with serum, liver and erythrocyte concentration of GSH and methemoglobin percentage were measured before and 4, 24 and 72 hours after APAP administration. Free GSH (200 mg/kg) and niosomal GSH (14 mg/kg) were effective in reducing hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in cats intoxicated with a dose of 150 mg/kg APAP. We conclude that both types of treatments can protect the liver and haemoglobin against oxidative stress in APAP intoxicated cats. Furthermore, our results showed that treatment with niosomal GSH represents an effective therapeutic approach for APAP poisoning.Fil: Denzoin Vulcano, L. A.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Confalonieri, O.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Clinicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Franci, R.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Clinicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, Maria Ofelia. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Soraci, Alejandro Luis. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentin

Treatment of Severe Post-traumatic Bone Defects With Autologous Stem Cells Loaded on Allogeneic Scaffolds.

Mesenchymal stem cells may differentiate into angiogenic and osteoprogenitor cells. The effectiveness of autologous pluripotent mesenchymal cells for treating bone defects has not been investigated in humans. We present a case series to evaluate the rationale of using nucleated cells from autologous bone marrow aspirates in the treatment of severe bone defects that failed to respond to traditional treatments. Ten adult patients (mean age, 49.6-years-old) with severe bone defects were included in this study. Lower limb bone defects were >or=5 cm3 in size, and upper limb defects .or=2 cm3. Before surgery, patients were tested for antibodies to common pathogens. Treatment consisted of bone allogeneic scaffold enriched with bone marrow nucleated cells harvested from the iliac crest and concentrated using an FDA-approved device. Postsurgery clinical and radiographic follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. To assess viability, morphology, and immunophenotype, bone marrow nucleated cells were cultured in vitro, tested for sterility, and assayed for the possible replication of adventitious (contaminating) viruses. In 9 of 10 patients, both clinical and radiographic healing of the bone defect along with bone graft integration were observed (mean time, 5.6 months); one patient failed to respond. No post-operative complications were observed. Bone marrow nucleated cells were enriched 4.49-fold by a single concentration step, and these enriched cells were free of microbial contamination. The immunophenotype of adherent cells was compatible with that of mesenchymal stem cells. We detected the replication of Epstein-Barr virus in 2/10 bone marrow cell cultures tested. Hepatitis B virus, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, and endogenous retrovirus HERV-K replication were not detected. Overall, 470 to 1,150 million nucleated cells were grafted into each patient. This case series, with a mean follow-up of almost 2 years, demonstrates that an allogeneic bone scaffold enriched with concentrated autologous bone marrow cells obtained from the iliac crest provides orthopedic surgeons a novel option for treating important bone defects that are unresponsive to traditional therapies

Reversion of the immunological eclipse and therapeutic vaccination against cancer in an experimental model

Aunque existen vacunas para prevenir la aparición de tumores en animales de experimentación, la mayoría de los intentos por aplicar aquellas vacunas con fines terapéuticos contra tumores establecidos no han sido exitosos. Para comprender la naturaleza de esta refractariedad, estudiamos un tumor de ratón fuertemente inmunogénico inducido por el carcinógeno químico metilcolantreno. En nuestro modelo, el inicio de esta refractariedad coincidió con el comienzo de un estado de inmunosupresión conocido como “eclipse inmunológico” caracterizado por una pérdida o bloqueo de la respuesta inmune antitumoral después que el tumor ha superado cierto tamaño crítico. Este eclipse inmunológico fue acompañado por un proceso de inflamación sistémica en el organismo. El tratamiento de los ratones portadores de tumor con una única dosis del corticoide sintético dexametasona (DX) redujo los parámetros de inflamación sistémica e indujo la reversión del eclipse. Esta reversión no fue por sí misma curativa pero permitió que un tratamiento inmunológico basado en células dendríticas estimuladas con antígenos tumorales, que por sí solo era absolutamente ineficaz, pudiera ejercer un significativo efecto inhibidor sobre un tumor en crecimiento. El esquema de dos pasos que compren-de, primero, un tratamiento antiinflamatorio para revertir el eclipse y segundo, una estrategia de vacunación basada en células dendríticas destinada a estimular la respuesta inmune antitumoral, podría servir, eventual-mente, como un modelo de inmunoterapia contra tumores en animales y seres humanosAlthough animals can be prophylactically immunized against the growth of tumor implants, most of the attempts to use immunotherapy to cause the regression of animal and human tumors once they become established have been unsuccessful. To understand the nature of this refractoriness we have studied a methylcholanthrene-induced and strongly immunogenic murine fibrosarcoma. In our model, the onset of this refractoriness was associated with the beginning of an immunosuppressive state known as "immunological eclipse" characterized by a loss of the antitumor immune response when tumor grows beyond a critical size. This immunological eclipse was accompanied by the emergence of a systemic inflammatory condition. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with a single dose of a synthetic corticosteroid, dexamethasone (DX), reduced significantly all parameters of systemic inflammation and simultaneously reversed the immunological eclipse. The reversion of the eclipse upon DX treatment was not curative itself, but allowed an immunological therapy based in dendritic cells pulsed with tumor antigens, which was itself absolutely ineffective, to exert a significant inhibitory effect against an established growing tumor. The two-step schedule using an anti-inflammatory treatment to reverse the immunological eclipse plus a dendritic cell-based vaccination strategy aimed to stimulate the anti-tumor immune response, could serve eventually as a model of immunotherapy against animal and human tumors.Fil: Chiarella, Paula. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vulcano, Marisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; ArgentinaFil: Laborde, Evangelina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; ArgentinaFil: Vermeulen, Elba Monica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; ArgentinaFil: Bruzzo Iraola, Juan. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Rearte, María Bárbara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; ArgentinaFil: Bustuoabad, Oscar David. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Ruggiero, Raul Alejandro. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentin

Metagenomics-driven predictions in Archaea from hydrocarbon-rich Arctic hydrothermal systems: Phylogenetic and metabolic analyses of methane and short-chain alkane-degrading lineages

Postponed access: the file will be accessible after 2023-10-14Metan og hydrokarboner er potente klimagasser som produseres og nedbrytes hovedsakelig biotisk. I havet akkumuleres metan og hydrokarboner i sedimenter og hydrotermiske systemer. Nylige metagenomstudier har utvidet mangfoldet av slektslinjer av arker involvert i metan- og hydrokarbonsyklus. De har vist at metabolske moduler for omsetningsreaksjoner i hydrokarbonsyklus er vanlige i arker og kan forekomme i heterotrofe slektslinjer som bestemmer en mixotrofisk livsstil. Ytterligere metagenomstudier kan bidra til å øke forståelsen av den miljømessige rollen mikroorganismer involvert i omsetning av hydrokarboner har. I løpet av det siste tiåret har hydrokarbon-anrikede hydrotermiske systemer blitt oppdaget langs de arktiske midthavsryggene. I dette studiet har fokuset vært å beskrive det fylogenetiske og metabolske mangfoldet av anaerobe hydrokarbonnedbrytende slektslinjer i disse systemene, hovedsakelig ved å analysere genomer rekonstruert fra metagenomdata. Flere nye slektslinjer av anaerobe metanotrofe arker av typen ANME-1, ble identifisert, inkludert en ny familie. To slektslinjer som kunne oksidere kortkjedede hydrokarboner, henholdsvis etan og propan/butan ble også identifisert. Samtlige av slektslinjene benyttet etablerte metabolismeveier for syntrof anaerob oksidasjon av metan og hydrokarboner. Tidligere ubeskrevne funksjonelle forskjeller ble imidlertid identifisert mellom ulike ANME-1. Basert på tidligere funn i terrestriske hydrotermiske systemer, ble potensialet for metanoksidasjon også evaluert i rekonstruerte genomer av Korarchaeia. Korarchaeia fra marine hydrotermiske system, ble funnet å mangle gen for anaerob oksidasjon av metan. De ble i stedet identifisert som fermenterende mikroorganismer med evne til å benytte sukker og aminosyrer. En komplett Wood-Ljungdahl metabolismevei ble identifisert i dypforgrenede slektslinjer av Korarchaeia og gir sannsynligvis grunnlag for homoacetogenese. Totalt sett har denne studien bekreftet at hydrokarbonrike hydrotermiske systemer ved de arktiske midthavsryggene er tilholdssted for slektslinjer med potensial for hydrokarbonnedbrytning og bidrar til å utvide det fylogenetiske og funksjonelle mangfoldet av slektslinjer som bryter ned hydrokarboner i marine hydrotermiske systemer.Methane and short chain alkanes are potent greenhouse gases generated and degraded mainly biotically. In the ocean, methane and hydrocarbons accumulate in sediments and hydrothermal vents. Recent metagenomic studies have dramatically expanded the diversity of archaeal lineages involved in methane and hydrocarbon cycling. They also have revealed that metabolic modules at the basis of hydrocarbon cycling are relatively conserved and common in Archaea and can occur in heterotrophic lineages determining a mixotrophic lifestyle. Further metagenomic studies can contribute to expand such diversity and describe the environmental role of microorganisms involved in cycling of hydrocarbons. In the last decade, hydrocarbon-enriched hydrothermal vents have been discovered along the Arctic Mid Ocean Ridges (AMOR). This project aimed at identifying lineages of anaerobic hydrocarbon-degraders in these vents and describe their phylogenetic and metabolic diversity, mainly by reconstructing and analyzing metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from various anoxic and actively venting hydrothermal locations. Potential for methane oxidation was also evaluated in MAGs of Korarchaeia since they have been previously proposed as methane oxidizers in terrestrial environments. Overall, several new lineages of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea ANME-1 were identified, including one new family. Two lineages of short-chain alkane oxidizers were found, one an ethane oxidizer and the other a butane/propane oxidizer. All encoded canonical routes for syntrophic anaerobic oxidation of methane and short-chain alkanes. Previously undescribed functional differences were found between ANME-1 lineages. Marine hydrothermal Korarchaeia did not encode genes for anaerobic oxidation of methane. They were instead identified as sugars and amino acids fermenters. Deep-branching lineages of Korarchaeia encoded a complete Wood-Ljungdahl pathway that is likely used reductively as electron sink during fermentation resulting in a homoacetogenic metabolism. Overall, this study confirms that hydrocarbon-rich hydrothermal vents at AMOR host microbial lineages with the potential for degradation of hydrocarbons and contributes to expanding the known phylogenetic and functional diversity of hydrocarbon-degrading lineages in marine hydrothermal systems.Doktorgradsavhandlin