Purification Performance of Biological Two-staged Plant Sewage Systems

In the following article, results regarding purification performance of one of several biological two-staged sewage systems constructed in Poland are presented. The system selected was built for purification of sewage from an environmental center in Pszczew in West Poland. The performance evaluation refers to the elimination of nutrients as well as organic compounds. The results are furthermore compared to legal purification requirements for sewage systems in Poland. Since the purification achieved was so high, the purified sewage water can be used for irrigation purposes of the green area in the grounds of the environmental center all year long. By closing this circle, the ecological effects of the method used for sewage purification are much increased

Nutrient Substances in Surface Water of Extensive Agriculture Areas

This paper is based on investigation of nutrient substance balance in three lake-basin in West Poland. This investigation are managed since one year and make possible to estimate amount of nutrient substance in each lake. This project can answer how extensive agriculture influences on surfaces water quality

Modification of the outside characteristics of a diesel engine by means of change of fuel injection parameters

W opracowaniu opisano zagadnienia sterowania parametrami pracy wysokociśnieniowego układu wtryskowego silników o zapłonie samoczynnym, stosowanego w ciągnikach rolniczych. Umiejętna modyfikacja tego sterowania na drodze czysto elektronicznej przynosi znaczącą poprawę wszystkich charakterystyk eksploatacyjnych ciągnika. Powodzenie adaptacji zależy jednak od profesjonalizmu wykonawcy i klasy aparatury pomiarowej. Wydaje się, że tego typu działania wypełniają znaczącą niszę na rynku ciągników rolniczych i mogą stanowić uzupełnienie oferty fabrycznej producentów silników do pojazdów użytkowych. Dotychczasowe, z powodzeniem przeprowadzone modyfikacje dowodzą, że w nowoczesnych silnikach o zapłonie samoczynnym tkwią znaczne rezerwy mocy i momentu obrotowego. Trzeba zaznaczyć, że nie odbywa się to kosztem charakterystyk ekologicznych silnika.The paper presents issues concerning control of operation parameters of a high-pressure injection system of diesel engines used in farm tractors. Skilful modification of this control by means of electronics brings a considerable improvement of all exploitation characteristics of a tractor. However, success of adaptation depends on the producer’s professionalism and the class of measuring apparatus. It seems that such activities fill in a considerable gap on the farm tractors market and may constitute complementation of the factory offer of the producers of engines for utility vehicles. Successful modifications which have been carried out so far prove that modern diesel engines have high power and rotational moment reserves. It must be emphasised that it influences ecological parameters of the engine

Assessing and Mitigating Ice-Jam Flood Hazards and Risks: A European Perspective

The assessment and mapping of riverine flood hazards and risks is recognized by many countries as an important tool for characterizing floods and developing flood management plans. Often, however, these management plans give attention primarily to open-water floods, with ice-jam floods being mostly an afterthought once these plans have been drafted. In some Nordic regions, ice-jam floods can be more severe than open-water floods, with floodwater levels of ice-jam floods often exceeding levels of open-water floods for the same return periods. Hence, it is imperative that flooding due to river ice processes be considered in flood management plans. This also pertains to European member states who are required to submit renewed flood management plans every six years to the European governance authorities. On 19 and 20 October 2022, a workshop entitled “Assessing and mitigating ice-jam flood hazard and risk” was hosted in Poznań, Poland to explore the necessity of incorporating ice-jam flood hazard and risk assessments in the European Union’s Flood Directive. The presentations given at the workshop provided a good overview of flood risk assessments in Europe and how they may change due to the climate in the future. Perspectives from Norway, Sweden, Finland, Germany, and Poland were presented. Mitigation measures, particularly the artificial breakage of river ice covers and ice-jam flood forecasting, were shared. Advances in ice processes were also presented at the workshop, including state-of-the-art developments in tracking ice-floe velocities using particle tracking velocimetry, characterizing hanging dam ice, designing new ice-control structures, detecting, and monitoring river ice covers using composite imagery from both radar and optical satellite sensors, and calculating ice-jam flood hazards using a stochastic modelling approach.</jats:p

Assessing and Mitigating Ice-Jam Flood Hazards and Risks: A European Perspective

The assessment and mapping of riverine flood hazards and risks is recognized by many countries as an important tool for characterizing floods and developing flood management plans. Often, however, these management plans give attention primarily to open-water floods, with ice-jam floods being mostly an afterthought once these plans have been drafted. In some Nordic regions, ice-jam floods can be more severe than open-water floods, with floodwater levels of ice-jam floods often exceeding levels of open-water floods for the same return periods. Hence, it is imperative that flooding due to river ice processes be considered in flood management plans. This also pertains to European member states who are required to submit renewed flood management plans every six years to the European governance authorities. On 19 and 20 October 2022, a workshop entitled “Assessing and mitigating ice-jam flood hazard and risk” was hosted in Poznań, Poland to explore the necessity of incorporating ice-jam flood hazard and risk assessments in the European Union’s Flood Directive. The presentations given at the workshop provided a good overview of flood risk assessments in Europe and how they may change due to the climate in the future. Perspectives from Norway, Sweden, Finland, Germany, and Poland were presented. Mitigation measures, particularly the artificial breakage of river ice covers and ice-jam flood forecasting, were shared. Advances in ice processes were also presented at the workshop, including state-of-the-art developments in tracking ice-floe velocities using particle tracking velocimetry, characterizing hanging dam ice, designing new ice-control structures, detecting, and monitoring river ice covers using composite imagery from both radar and optical satellite sensors, and calculating ice-jam flood hazards using a stochastic modelling approach