Mass transfer efficiency of a tall and low plate free area liquid pulsed sieve-plate extraction column

Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge Chakwal group of industries for funding the project. Ms. Madiha, Ms. Zona, Mr. Sohaib, Mr. Abdullah, Mr. Mudassar, and Mr. Salahuddin also deserve our acknowledgements for their assistance in different ways.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Development of a STEP-compliant design and manufacturing framework for discrete sheet metal bend parts

Metal sheets have the ability to be formed into nonstandard sizes and sections. Displacement-controlled computer numerical control press brakes are used for three-dimensional sheet metal forming. Although the subject of vendor neutral computer-aided technologies (computer-aided design, computer-aided process planning and computer-aided manufacturing) is widely researched for machined parts, research in the field of sheet metal parts is very sparse. Blank development from three-dimensional computer-aided design model depends on the bending tools geometry and metal sheet properties. Furthermore, generation and propagation of bending errors depend on individual bend sequences. Bend sequence planning is carried out to minimize bending errors, keeping in view the available tooling geometry and the sheet material properties’ variation. Research reported in this article attempts to develop a STEP-compliant, vendor neutral design and manufacturing framework for discrete sheet metal bend parts to provide a capability of bidirectional communication between design and manufacturing cycles. Proposed framework will facilitate the use of design information downstream at the manufacturing stage in the form of bending workplan, bending workingsteps and a feedback mechanism to the upstage product designer. In order to realize this vendor neutral framework, STEP (ISO 10303), AP203, AP207, and AP219 along with STEP-NC (ISO14649) have been used to provide a basis of vendor neutral data modeling.N/

The Relationship between Work Values, Affective Commitment, Emotional Intelligence, and Employee Engagement: A Moderated Mediation Model

Affective commitment is considered to be the most critical element of organizational commitment because of its impact in reducing employee turnover, absenteeism and in enhancing the effectiveness of the organization. Because of the nature of the job, emotional intelligence is also a significant trait for employees working in banks. Based on a sample of 354 employees selected from the banking sector of Pakistan, this study revealed that work values had a significant impact on affective commitment. The findings of this study also confirmed the mediation of emotional intelligence and moderation of employee engagement between the relationship of work values and affective commitment among banking professionals of Pakistan. This study also provides practical foresight for the HRM professionals to enhance retention of effective manpower

The Relationship between Work Values, Affective Commitment, Emotional Intelligence, and Employee Engagement: A Moderated Mediation Model

Affective commitment is considered to be the most critical element of organizational commitment because of its impact in reducing employee turnover, absenteeism and in enhancing the effectiveness of the organization. Because of the nature of the job, emotional intelligence is also a significant trait for employees working in banks. Based on a sample of 354 employees selected from the banking sector of Pakistan, this study revealed that work values had a significant impact on affective commitment. The findings of this study also confirmed the mediation of emotional intelligence and moderation of employee engagement between the relationship of work values and affective commitment among banking professionals of Pakistan. This study also provides practical foresight for the HRM professionals to enhance retention of effective manpower

Peripheral Neuropathy in Newly Diagnosed Cases of Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Diabetes mellitus linked to severe macrovascular and the microvescular complications. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the challenging complication of the diabetes mellitus, which is linked to the morbidity, mortality, and big economic burden. We determined the frequency of peripheral neuropathy in newly diagnosed cases of type II diabetes mellitus.Materials & Methods: The current descriptive Cross Sectional study took place in Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, From June 2014 to January 2015. All the patients, those were newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, aged 30-60 years and both genders were included. Detailed history regarding diabetes was taken. Patients underwent for the evaluation of peripheral neuropathy by taking physical examination, previous history and vibration perception test. All the data was recorded in the Proforma.Results: Total 150 cases were studied, out of them, 42.67% were aged 30-45 years while 57.33% were in the age range of 46-60 years and their overall mean age was 46.35 ± 9.52 years. Males were 54.0% and females were 46.0%. Frequency of peripheral neuropathy for newly diagnosed type II diabetic subjects was noted 20.67%, with insignificant association of age and gender.Conclusion: It was concluded that the peripheral neuropathy was 20.67% among patients newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus

Investigation of Toxic Metals in the Tobacco of Pakistani Cigarettes Using Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission

A particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) study has been carried out to find out whether available local and imported cigarette brands in Pakistan have elevated concentration of metals or not. The results are compared within the brands examined in this study and with the results of related studies in literature. A sum of 19 different cigarette brands was purchased randomly from different Pakistani markets which included local and imported brands. The concentration of elements like Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Co was investigated. Results showed that different cigarette brands have different metal contents. The mean concentration of the heavy metals is Cd—4.92 μg/g, Co—0.12 μg/g, Cu—0.97 μg/g, Ni—0.13 μg/g, Pb—1.02 μg/g, and Zn—12.91 μg/g per dry weight. Compared with the reported results of other international studies, Pakistani cigarettes are observed to have lower heavy metal contents except for cadmium which was higher. This study will provide adequate data for all concerned departments. This study will also create awareness among people about the toxicity of metals present in tobacco of cigarettes