B2B Infrastructures in the Process of Drug Discovery and Healthcare

In this paper we describe a demonstration of an innovative B2B infrastructure which can be used to support collaborations in the pharmaceutical industry to achieve the drug discovery goal. Based on experience gained in a wide range of collaborative projects in the areas of grid technology, semantics and data management we show future work and new topics in B2B infrastructures which arise when considering the use of patient records in the process of drug discovery and in healthcare applications

Determining citizens’ opinions about stories in the news media: analysing Google, Facebook and Twitter

We describe a method whereby a governmental policy maker can discover citizens’ reaction to news stories. This is particularly relevant in the political world, where governments’ policy statements are reported by the news media and discussed by citizens. The work here addresses two main questions: whereabouts are citizens discussing a news story, and what are they saying? Our strategy to answer the first question is to find news articles pertaining to the policy statements, then perform internet searches for references to the news articles’ headlines and URLs. We have created a software tool that schedules repeating Google searches for the news articles and collects the results in a database, enabling the user to aggregate and analyse them to produce ranked tables of sites that reference the news articles. Using data mining techniques we can analyse data so that resultant ranking reflects an overall aggregate score, taking into account multiple datasets, and this shows the most relevant places on the internet where the story is discussed. To answer the second question, we introduce the WeGov toolbox as a tool for analysing citizens’ comments and behaviour pertaining to news stories. We first use the tool for identifying social network discussions, using different strategies for Facebook and Twitter. We apply different analysis components to analyse the data to distil the essence of the social network users’ comments, to determine influential users and identify important comments

Determining citizens’ opinions about stories in the news media

We describe a method whereby a governmental policy maker can discover citizens’ reaction to news stories. This is particularly relevant in the political world, where governments’ policy statements are reported by the news media and discussed by citizens. The work here addresses two main questions: whereabouts are citizens discussing a news story, and what are they saying? Our strategy to answer the first question is to find news articles pertaining to the policy statements, then perform internet searches for references to the news articles’ headlines and URLs. We have created a software tool that schedules repeating Google searches for the news articles and collects the results in a database, enabling the user to aggregate and analyse them to produce ranked tables of sites that reference the news articles. Using data mining techniques we can analyse data so that resultant ranking reflects an overall aggregate score, taking into account multiple datasets, and this shows the most relevant places on the internet where the story is discussed. To answer the second question, we introduce the WeGov toolbox as a tool for analysing citizens’ comments and behaviour pertaining to news stories.  We first use the tool for identifying social network discussions, using different strategies for Facebook and Twitter. We apply different analysis components to analyse the data to distil the essence of the social network users’ comments, to determine influential users and identify important comments

Miljø- og klimavennlig melkeproduksjon - Inspirasjon fra seks melkeproduksjonsbruk

I denne rapporten presenterer vi seks gårder som viser at det er mulig å forene god økonomi med en miljømessig bærekraftig produksjon, men økonomien var best på de største gårdene. Felles for alle gårdene er næringsrik jord med god jordstruktur og god drenering, fokus på agronomi og godt husdyrstell. Dette resulterte i gode avlinger, god utnytting av tilførte næringsstoff, moderat bruk av energi og moderate utslipp av klimagasser. Fra observasjoner på disse gårdene og diskusjon på arbeidsseminar med gårdbrukerne, prosjektgruppe og inviterte gjester kan vi tipse om noen tiltak for miljøvennlig melkeproduksjon: god drenering, lite kjøring på våt jord, utføre jordarbeiding, gjødsling og høsting straks været og jorda er egnet, slepeslange med stripespreder i stedet for tankvogn for spredning av bløtgjødsel, unngå større og tyngre utstyr og større maskinpark enn nødvendig, riktige dekk og riktig lufttrykk, godt vedlikehold av maskiner og bygninger, bruk av tre i fjøsbygninger og -innredning, ombruk av gamle materialer, samarbeid med naboer om bruk av husdyrgjødsel for å spare kjøring, unngå sterk gjødsling, sats på kløver i enga, godt og rikelig grovfor, godt kalveoppdrett og god dyrevelferd. Flere tips finnes i rapporten

The lived experience of people with brain injury living in long term care facilities: specific implications for social isolation

A research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Social and Psychological Research to the Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2017Introduction. The provision of appropriate long term care facilities for people with acquired brain injury is a portentous issue internationally. There is a global lack of long term care facilities for people with acquired brain injury and they are often placed in facilities for the physically disabled or the elderly. It is unclear whether these facilities are suitable and what effect they may have on well-being and social isolation. Aim. This interpretive phenomenological study explored how adults with acquired brain injury experience living in such long term care facilities. Additionally, it described how such living arrangements impact on social isolation, a particularly devastating psychosocial consequence of acquired brain injury. Method. One-on-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven adults who had acquired a brain injury. Each participant had been living in a long term care facility for at least one year. They were asked questions related to their general lived experience as well as specific questions to explore their experience of social isolation. Findings. Thematic content analysis of the interview data led to the following five categories of themes: overall evaluations (guarded approval, and disapproval); general lived experience (autonomy, choice, freedom, burden, boredom, and basic needs); social isolation (loneliness, companionship, and belonging); sources of isolation (living with the disabled, different disability, age differences, pets, and facility setup); and sources of well-being (positivity, and meaning). The main findings were that the general lived experience of people with ABI was mainly negative. The facilities generally met only basic needs and seldom met higher level psychological needs. Social isolation was commonly reported among residents with ABI in long term care facilities and was linked to age differences and having a brain injury in a facility geared for people with other disabilities. The findings were understood in relation to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Conclusions. The findings of this study contribute towards filling a theoretical gap in understanding the lived experience of people with ABI in long term care facilities and how this contributes to social isolation. The findings have potential value to family members of people with acquired brain injury considering various living arrangement options. They can also be useful for long term care facilities housing people with brain injury to make changes that may result in greater well-being of their residents.MT 201

Electrolyzer Response to Power Fluctuations: Assessing Battery Storage Needs and Shutdown Thresholds for Hydrogen Production

The interest for green energy production is increasing, where hydrogen production through water electrolysis represents one option. The integration of renewable energy with water electrolysis is a key pathway for sustainable hydrogen production, especially in off-grid systems. However, integration with renewable energy sources like solar and wind power could present challenges due to the inherent variability of these renewable energy sources. Utilizing OpenModelica, an open-source simulation environment built on the Modelica modeling language, this study simulates an off-grid hydrogen production system. The system integrates alkaline electrolyzer units exposed to varying solar and wind power profiles. Simulations are conducted across different system scales and power fluctuation intensities to comprehensively assess the electrolyzer's performance under dynamic operating conditions. The study quantifies the operational boundaries of Alkaline electrolyzer systems directly connected to renewable sources, highlighting their vulnerability to emergency shutdowns triggered by rapid power fluctuations. A key contribution is the derivation of an empirical model characterizing the maximum tolerable power drop ($d_{\text{max}}$) as a function of the electrolyzer operating capacity ratio ($R$), providing a tool for predicting shutdown events. Furthermore, the study evaluates the minimum battery storage requirements to mitigate these shutdowns. The findings indicate that under most conditions, the battery's peak discharge power requirement was between 24\% and 35\% of the hydrogen production system's rated capacity. Consequently, a 100 MW hydrogen production facility would necessitate a battery discharge capacity of 24--35 MW to compensate for the most significant power fluctuations. The required energy capacity varied significantly depending on the renewable source, system scale, and fluctuation intensity. This work provides valuable insights and practical tools for the design and operation of renewable hydrogen systems. It delivers empirically derived operational thresholds and an open-source simulation model, facilitating improved system dimensioning and control strategy development. The findings underscore the importance of managing power variability for reliable alkaline electrolysis operation and highlight the potential for optimized battery storage integration to enhance the feasibility of off-grid green hydrogen production

The soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 links humoral innate and adaptive immune responses by helping marginal zone B cells

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a fluid-phase pattern recognition receptor of the humoral innate immune system with ancestral antibody-like properties but unknown antibody-inducing function. In this study, we found binding of PTX3 to splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cells, an innate-like subset of antibody-producing lymphocytes strategically positioned at the interface between the circulation and the adaptive immune system. PTX3 was released by a subset of neutrophils that surrounded the splenic MZ and expressed an immune activation–related gene signature distinct from that of circulating neutrophils. Binding of PTX3 promoted homeostatic production of IgM and class-switched IgG antibodies to microbial capsular polysaccharides, which decreased in PTX3-deficient mice and humans. In addition, PTX3 increased IgM and IgG production after infection with blood-borne encapsulated bacteria or immunization with bacterial carbohydrates. This immunogenic effect stemmed from the activation of MZ B cells through a neutrophil-regulated pathway that elicited class switching and plasmablast expansion via a combination of T cell–independent and T cell–dependent signals. Thus, PTX3 may bridge the humoral arms of the innate and adaptive immune systems by serving as an endogenous adjuvant for MZ B cells. This property could be harnessed to develop more effective vaccines against encapsulated pathogens.European Advanced grant ERC-2011-ADG-20110310, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación grant SAF2011-25241, and Marie Curie reintegra -tion grant PIRG-08-GA-2010-276928 to A. Cerutti; Sara Borrell post-doctoral fellow -ships to A. Chorny; and US National Institutes of Health grants R01 AI57653, U01 AI95613, P01 AI61093, and U19 096187 to A. Cerutti. C. Cunha and A. Carvalho were funded by grants from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, co-funded by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2—O Novo Norte)., and from the Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional (SFRH/BPD/96176/2013 to C. Cunha and grant IF/00735/2014 to A. Carvalho) through the Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional and Projeto Estratégico (LA 26 – 2013–2014; PEst-C/SAU/LA0026/2013

The Global Framework for Climate Services

There is a growing and urgent need to improve society’s resilience to climate-related hazards and better manage the risks and opportunities arising from climate variability and climate change

Discovery of AZD3199, an inhaled ultralong acting β2 receptor agonist with rapid onset of action

A series of dibasic des-hydroxy β2 receptor agonists has been prepared and evaluated for potential as inhaled ultra-long acting bronchodilators. Determination of activities at the human β-adrenoreceptors demonstrated a series of highly potent and selective β2 receptor agonists that were progressed to further study in a guinea pig histamine-induced bronchoconstriction model. Following further assessment by; onset studies in guinea pig tracheal rings and human bronchial rings contracted with methacholine (guinea pigs) or carbachol (humans), duration of action studies in guinea pigs after intratracheal (i. t.) administration and further selectivity and safety profiling AZD3199 was shown to have an excellent over all profile and was progressed into clinical evaluation as a new ultra-long acting inhaled β2 receptor agonist with rapid onset of action

Business Process Risk Management and Simulation Modelling for Digital Audio-Visual Media Preservation.

Digitised and born-digital Audio-Visual (AV) content presents new challenges for preservation and Quality Assurance (QA) to ensure that cultural heritage is accessible for the long term. Digital archives have developed strategies for avoiding, mitigating and recovering from digital AV loss using IT-based systems, involving QA tools before ingesting files into the archive and utilising file-based replication to repair files that may be damaged while in the archive. However, while existing strategies are effective for addressing issues related to media degradation, issues such as format obsolescence and failures in processes and people pose significant risk to the long-term value of digital AV content. We present a Business Process Risk management framework (BPRisk) designed to support preservation experts in managing risks to long-term digital media preservation. This framework combines workflow and risk specification within a single risk management process designed to support continual improvement of workflows. A semantic model has been developed that allows the framework to incorporate expert knowledge from both preservation and security experts in order to intelligently aid workflow designers in creating and optimising workflows. The framework also provides workflow simulation functionality, allowing users to a) understand the key vulnerabilities in the workflows, b) target investments to address those vulnerabilities, and c) minimise the economic consequences of risks. The application of the BPRisk framework is demonstrated on a use case with the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation (ORF), discussing simulation results and an evaluation against the outcomes of executing the planned workflow