Pilot study on the effects of intravesical oxybutynin hydrochloride instillations on the validity of doping control urine samples

According to class M2.1 of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Prohibited List, the manipulation of doping control urine samples to alter their integrity and validity is prohibited both in- and out-of-competition. However, some paraplegic athletes with an overactive bladder need to be regularly treated with anti-cholinergic and anti-spasmodic drugs such as oxybutynin, which are often administered intravesically to reduce the substantial side effects observed after oral application. So far, it remains unclear whether such bladder instillations have a negative impact on analytical procedures and thus represent an anti-doping rule violation. Within this pilot study, urine samples were collected from five paraplegic athletes before and after an intravesical oxybutynin hydrochloride instillation. The samples were routinely tested for the presence of performance-enhancing drugs and afterwards fortified with 25 model compounds representing different classes of doping agents (anabolic agents, cannabinoids, diuretics, glucocorticoids, hormone and metabolic modulators, and stimulants) at low and medium concentrations. Additionally, the pH value and specific gravity were measured and the presence of oxybutynin was qualitatively determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In initial testing procedures, all samples were tested negative. Oxybutynin was present in most of the samples but found to have no significant effect on the detectability of the 25 model compounds subsequently added to each urine specimen. Therefore, it can be concluded that intravesical instillations with oxybutynin hydrochloride do not alter the integrity and validity of doping control urine samples

Annual banned-substance review: Analytical approaches in human sports drug testing.

A number of high profile revelations concerning anti-doping rule violations over the past 12 months have outlined the importance of tackling prevailing challenges and reducing the limitations of the current anti-doping system. At this time, the necessity to enhance, expand, and improve analytical test methods in response to the substances outlined in the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Prohibited List represents an increasingly crucial task for modern sports drug testing programs. The ability to improve analytical testing methods often relies on the expedient application of novel information regarding superior target analytes for sports drug testing assays, drug elimination profiles, and alternative sample matrices, together with recent advances in instrumental developments. This annual banned-substance review evaluates literature published between October 2017 and September 2018 offering an in-depth evaluation of developments in these arenas and their potential application to substances reported in WADA's 2018 Prohibited List

Detection of the myostatin-neutralizing antibody Domagrozumab in serum by means of Western blotting and LC-HRMS

The TGF-beta cytokine myostatin is considered to be one of the key regulators of skeletal muscle mass. Consequently, specific inhibitors of the growth factor and its signaling pathways are promising therapeutics for the treatment of muscle wasting disorders as well as potential performance-enhancing agents in sports. Domagrozumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the circulating cytokine, thus preventing receptor activation. Within this study, two complementary detection assays for Domagrozumab from serum were developed by using ammonium sulfate precipitation and immunoaffinity purification either in combination with tryptic digestion and LC-HRMS or Western blotting. While the LC-HRMS assay is highly specific for diagnostic peptides originating from both the heavy and the light chain of the antibody, the second assay is capable of generically detecting intact therapeutic proteins comprising a human Fc domain and exhibiting high specificity for dimeric myostatin/GDF-11. Following optimization, both assays were comprehensively characterized. They can readily be modified to include further protein drugs and will expand the range of available tests for emerging myostatin inhibitors

Kiri tundmatule

Solbrig, Karl Friedrich, 1773-1838, saksa ooperilauljaKirjeldab oma elu Peterburi

Autograaf tundmatule

Sontag, Henriette Gertrude Walpurgis, 1806-1854, saksa ooperilauljaMõttetera kunsti kohta koos allkirja ja kuupäevag