Psychosocial reactions of injecting drug users'(IDU) towards needle syringe exchange program in Malaysia

Needle and Syringe Exchange Program (NSEP) had been a hot topic since it was introduced in Malaysia, especially looking at it in the context of an Islamic country. This qualitative research was exploratory oriented. It investigated the Injecting Drug Users' (IDU) psychosocial reaction towards NSEP. In-depth interviews using semi-structured questions were conducted on 13 injecting drug users at One Stop Centre IKHLAS, Kuala Lumpur. Generally, the respondents had positive views on NSEP. They perceived NSEP as a social agent which (1) promoted the usage of sterilized needles, (2) changed their way of access to sterilized needles, (3) saved IDUs expenses and (4) made innovative effort in reducing HIV/AIDS infection in Malaysia. In order to make NSEP a success in changing IDUs behavior and reduced the spread of HIV/AIDS, this program had to be sustained and its services had to be upgraded in attracting more IDUs to join the program

Self-integrity and family support as assets for resilient urban at-risk youth

While most of the Malaysian youth literature view young people as problematic and chaotic, this research aims to highlight that at-risk young Malaysians also possessed developmental assets which could contribute to their resilience level. This research explores at-risk youth resilience and predicts which protective factor is the most utilized. To be specific, at-risk young people who lived at the outskirt of metropolitan Kuala Lumpur were targeted. Survey designed method on 744 young people of Pantai Dalam, Kuala Lumpur who lived in low cost government flats. Integrity and family support predict levels of resilience. The results show that under disadvantaged environment, family support could sustain young people's resiliency in facing difficulties of life. This research argues that internal asset and family institution contributes to at-risk young people's internal defense system. This research recommends that future research should study the quality of family support and reveal the quality facets of resilience

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

4 minutes rule in perimortem caeserean delivery: does it still relevant? Case series

To highlight the importance of immediate initiation of perimortem caesarean delivery in maternal with sudden cardiac arrest. Case report: We reported the outcomes of three cases of perimortem caesarean delivery secondary to maternal cardiac arrest. A 28-year-old G3P2 at 36 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to acute pulmonary oedema which was arise from pre-eclampsia related hypertensive crisis.The second case was a 29-year-old G1P0 at 38 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to spinal anaesthesia complication (total spinal)and the third case was a 44-yearold G5P4 at 39 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to failed intubation and ventilation during induction of anaesthesia. Observing the outcomes of the three maternal after post perimortem caesarean delivery, we are strongly agreed that the time from maternal cardiac arrest to the initiation of resuscitative hysterotomy should be shifted from 4 minute to immediately. Conclusion: Preparations for perimortem caesarean delivery should be made simultaneously with the initiation of maternal resuscitative efforts

4 Minutes Rule in Perimortem Caesarean Delivery: Does it Still Relevant? Case Series

Objective:To highlight the importance of immediate initiation of perimortem caesarean delivery in maternal with sudden cardiac arrest. Case report: We reported the outcomes of three cases of perimortem caesarean delivery secondary to maternal cardiac arrest. A 28-year-old G3P2 at 36 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to acute pulmonary oedema which was arise from pre-eclampsia related hypertensive crisis. The second case was a 29-year-old G1P0 at 38 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to spinal anaesthesia complication (total spinal)and the third case was a 44-year-old G5P4 at 39 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to failed intubation and ventilation during induction of anaesthesia. Observing the outcomes of the three maternal after post perimortem caesarean delivery, we are strongly agreed that the time from maternal cardiac arrest to the initiation of resuscitative hysterotomy should be shifted from 4 minute to immediately. Conclusion: Preparations for perimortem caesarean delivery should be made simultaneously with the initiation of maternal resuscitative efforts.</jats:p

A ballast water treatment system using engine waste heat: is it viable?

Treatment of ballast water using engine waste heat has been deliberated upon but studies are not substantial. This study presents extension of a treatment system from an existing system with additional components. Tests at laboratory level had been carried out to test the treatment effectiveness in the stages identified for species’ elimination. Average heat recoveries from exhaust gases worked to between 15 to 33% of input energies. Tests on species demonstrated >95% mortalities in the temperature range of 55 to 75°C. This paper discusses the viability of the developed system based on the test results and the IMO’s requirements. The positive outcomes of the tests are encouraging and further studies are proposed. Keywords : Heat treatment; Impeller effects; Species’ mortalitie

Smart Classroom for Electricity-Saving with Integrated IoT System

Abstract Electricity-saving can be achieved through the efficient use of energy such as turning off lights and electrical appliances when not in use. Therefore this work proposed the smart classroom for electricity-saving with an integrated IoT System to prevent wasting electricity in the classroom. Smart Classroom means that it will detect and count the number of students entering and exiting the classroom by using a sensor system automatically. The main objective of this work is to control the lighting systems and fans by using the IoT application and sensor system. This means that when the sensor is triggered the sensor will send data to the Blynk application software using IoT to display the status of the classroom. This proposed work is also able to detect whether a classroom is available to use or not based on the presence of people. If the classroom is being used the Blynk application software will show the lamp and fan are ON. Otherwise the lamps and fans are OFF if there are no people in the classroom. The result successfully shows that if the first student entering the classroom all the lamps and fans are ON. While if the last student exiting the classroom all the lamps and fans are OFF. This result also indicates that electricity can be saved if all appliances in the classroom are switch OFF at the right time.</jats:p