Electricity Load Forecasting Method Based on the GRA-FEDformer Algorithm

In recent years, Transformer-based methods have shown full potential in power load forecasting problems. However, their computational cost is high, while it is difficult to capture the global characteristics of the time series. When the forecasting time length is long, the overall shift of the forecasting trend often occurs. Therefore, this paper proposes a gray relation analysis–frequency-enhanced decomposition transformer (GRA-FEDformer) method for forecasting power loads in power systems. Firstly, considering the impact of different weather factors on power loads, the correlation between various factors and power loads was analyzed using the GRA method to screen out the high-correlation factors as model inputs. Secondly, a frequency decomposition method for long short-time-scale components was utilized. Its combination with the transformer-based model can give the deep learning model an ability to simultaneously capture the fluctuating behavior of the short time scale and the overall trend of changes in the long time scale in power loads. The experimental results show that the proposed method had better forecasting performance than the other methods for a one-year dataset in a region of Morocco. In particular, the advantages of the proposed method were more obvious in the forecasting task with a longer forecasting length

SYNTHESIS OF POLY {N-[2-(4 `-BENZYLTHIOACETATE) PROPIONYL]-p-AMINOPHENYLACETYLENE} AND ITS THERMAL STABILITY AND FORMATION OF ORDERED NANOSTRUCTURE

Polymerization of a phenylacetylene monomer containing chiral center and thiolacetate was achieved by using a zwitterionic rhodium complex or Rh+ [eta-C6H5 (nbd) B- (C6H5)(3)] as catalyst. Chemical structure was characterized with infrared (IR) nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopic techniques, and the experimental data confirmed the formation of the expected polymer. The obtained polymer was soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, and its weight-average molecular weight was about 7.32 x 10(4). The polymer was highly thermally stable; it lost 5\% of its original weight at a temperature. of 336 degrees C, and about 31\% residual weight was measured at 900 degrees C. SEM images showed that rod-like ordered entities were observed for the thin film fabricated by casting polymer solution (a concentration of 5.0 mg/ml, in chloroform) under ambient condition; while crystallites were observed when dilute polymer solution ( a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml, in chloroform) wits used to film fabrication. As revealed by TEM images.. when the evaporation rate was controlled to be slow and the concentration of polymer in chloroform was higher than 1.0 mg/mL,a polymer layer spread on the carbon supporting film on copper micro-grid; when polymer concentration was lower than 0.5 mg/mL, rnicrocrystallites with regular shapes were observed. Based on the macromolecular structure, the improvement of the thermal stability and the formation ordered microstructure can be tentatively ascribed to the role of chiral centers on the side chains of the resulted polyphenylacetylene

Solubility improvement and surface functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by a thiol-functionalized poly (phenylacetylene) derivative

A thiol-functionalized poly (phenylacetylene) has been synthesized and characterized. The disappearance of the characteristic vibrations at 3312 and 776 cm(-1) (C=C-H) and 2106 cm(-1) (C=C), together with the vanishing of the chemical shifts at 3.0 (C=C-H) and the appearance of the chemical shifts at 6.4 (C=C-H) indicate the polymerization of the thiol-containing monomer. The hybrid of thiol-functionalized poly(phenylacetylene) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) showed good solubility in organic solvents. Meanwhile,the wrapping of the polymer chains on MWNTs led to the surface functionalization. By aid of the interactions between thiol groups and zinc cations, ZnO nanoparticles were assembled onto out-shells of the hybrids. These results suggested a novel route to the fabrication of multi-component nanostructures