Pseudomonas putida LF54株におけるクロラールの脱クロル反応に関する遺伝学的解析

筑波大学 (University of Tsukuba)201

Electric field-induced creation and directional motion of domain walls and skyrmion bubbles

Magnetization dynamics driven by an electric field could provide long-term benefits to information technologies because of its ultralow power consumption. Meanwhile, the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in interfacially asymmetric multilayers consisting of ferromagnetic and heavy-metal layers can stabilize topological spin textures, such as chiral domain walls, skyrmions, and skyrmion bubbles. These topological spin textures can be controlled by an electric field, and hold promise for building advanced spintronic devices. Here, we present an experimental and numerical study on the electric field-induced creation and directional motion of topological spin textures in magnetic multilayer films and racetracks with thickness gradient and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction at room temperature. We find that the electric field-induced directional motion of chiral domain wall is accompanied with the creation of skyrmion bubbles at certain conditions. We also demonstrate that the electric field variation can induce motion of skyrmion bubbles. Our findings may provide opportunities for developing skyrmion-based devices with ultralow power consumption.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figure

All electrical manipulation of magnetization dynamics in a ferromagnet by antiferromagnets with anisotropic spin Hall effects

We investigate spin-orbit torques of metallic CuAu-I-type antiferromagnets using spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance tuned by a dc-bias current. The observed spin torques predominantly arise from diffusive transport of spin current generated by the spin Hall effect. We find a growth-orientation dependence of the spin torques by studying epitaxial samples, which may be correlated to the anisotropy of the spin Hall effect. The observed anisotropy is consistent with first-principles calculations on the intrinsic spin Hall effect. Our work demonstrates large tunable spin-orbit effects in magnetically-ordered materials.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B (2015

Effect of Dry-wet Cycle on the Formation of Loess Slope Spalling Hazards

This paper investigates the effect of dry-wet cycle process on the formation of loess slope spalling hazards. Based on the CT scan tests and macroscopic fissures analysis, the fissure variation law of loess samples under different dry-wet cycle times were determined. Through the laboratory direct shear tests, the variation law of shear strength, cohesion and angle of internal friction of loess samples under different dry-wet cycle times and different dry-wet cycle water content variation ranges were discussed. The results show that the natural water contents of Luo-chuan loess were higher than Tong-chuan loess due to it’s higher contents of clay particles. With the increase of dry-wet cycle times, the internal fissure numbers of loess samples increased dramatically. The value of shear strength and cohesion of loess samples in two different areas decreased dramatically due to the increase of dry-wet cycle times. Higher water content variation ranges of dry-wet cycles leaded to lower shear strength of loess samples under the same dry-wet cycle times. Loess slope spalling hazards often happened due to the decrease of shear strength and the occurrence of internal fissures in loess induced by the dry-wet cycle process

A CD8 T Cell/Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Axis Is Required for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Suppression of Human Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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The necessity of gestational vitamin D supplementation depends on ambient temperature: concern for infant vitamin D status

BackgroundGiven the ease of access to ambient temperature, it may be a more practical guide than the UVB index. However, the association between gestational temperature and vitamin D level in newborns remains unclear. Our study aims to explore this association and the necessity of maternal vitamin D supplementation when ambient temperature is less than a specific value.MethodsBased on a birth cohort study, we measured cord blood concentrations of 25(OH)D in 1419 neonates from January to September 2008 in Hefei, a new first-tier city in China. The daily mean temperature of Hefei was obtained from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System. Individual information on sociodemographic characteristics, perinatal health status, lifestyle, and birth outcomes was collected prospectively.ResultsThe best-fit relationship was observed in the regression model using a quadratic function to describe the association between the ambient temperature of the eighth gestational month (29–32 gestational weeks) and cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations (R2 = 0.358, p < 0.001). Ambient temperatures of 10 and 24.5°C were linked to the cutoff of vitamin D inadequacy (<50 nmol/L) and deficiency (<30 nmol/L) in cord blood, respectively. For maternal exposure to an ambient temperature of ≥24.5°C in the eighth gestational month, vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy failed to significantly enhance neonatal vitamin D concentrations. In contrast, for maternal exposure to ambient temperature of <10°C, maternal vitamin D supplementation was significantly associated with elevated 25(OH)D concentrations in cord blood.ConclusionGestational ambient temperature may be an ideal predictor for infant vitamin D status screening. Maternal exposure to an ambient temperature of less than 10°C is a critical index in the eighth gestational month, which may determine the onset of vitamin D supplementation

Pain in Parkinson's Disease Associated with COMT

Background. PD patients present high incidence of pain with unknown pathogenesis. Objective. We investigated the relation of COMT polymorphisms rs4633 and rs6267 with PD pain. Subjects and Methods. One hundred PD patients and 105 controls were evaluated with simplified Mc GILL pain scale and VAS scale. PD patients were assessed with H&Y grade, UPDRS score, and HAMD scale. Polymorphisms rs4633 and rs6267 were detected by PCR and direct sequencing. Results. Fifty-seven percent of PD patients experienced pain, consisting of PD-related pain (64.91%) (the majority was dystonia pain) and non-PD-related pain (35.09%) (psychogenic pain was most frequent). The frequency of rs6267 genotype “GT/TT” and allele “T” was higher in PD pain. No difference was observed in frequencies of rs4633 between PD pain and without pain. UPDRS and depression score were higher in PD pain. The onset age was earlier in PD-related pain (57.43 ± 19.71) than non-PD-related pain (63.36 ± 6.88). Conclusion. PD patients possess a high prevalence of pain. Dystonia pain was the most frequent type of PD-related pain. COMT gene rs6267 allele “T” associated with PD pain. PD pain was influenced by disease severity and depression. PD onsets earlier in patients with PD-related pain than non-PD-related pain