Optimizing the Age of Information in RIS-aided SWIPT Networks

In this letter, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) network is investigated. To quantify the freshness of the data packets at the information receiver, the age of information (AoI) is considered. To minimize the sum AoI of the information users while ensuring that the power transferred to energy harvesting users is greater than the demanded value, we formulate a scheduling scheme, and a joint transmit beamforming and phase shift optimization at the base station (BS) and RIS, respectively. The alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is proposed to handle the coupling between active beamforming and passive RIS phase shifts, and the successive convex approximation (SCA) algorithm is utilized to tackle the non-convexity of the formulated problems. The improvement in terms of AoI provided by the proposed algorithm and the trade-off between the age of information and energy harvesting is quantified by the numerical simulation results

Polysaccharides isolated from Morinda officinalis How roots inhibits cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia in mice

Purpose: To investigate the optimum parameters for extracting polysaccharides from Morinda officinalis How (MOP), and explore their inhibitory effects on leukopenia in mice.Methods: Orthogonal design was performed to investigate the optimum parameters for extracting MOP. A leukopenia mouse model was established by injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX) for three days. Thereafter, MOP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was administered orally for 10 days. Furthermore, blood cells (leukocytes, neutrophil, lymphocyte and mononuclear cell) were analyzed, while serum IL-3 and IL- 6 were determined by ELISA. The thymus and spleen of the mice were separated and weighed to determine viscera indices.Results: Orthogonal design showed that the influence order of the four factors was extraction times (C) > ratio of water to raw material (RWM, D) > extraction time (B) > extraction temperature (A). The optimum extraction parameters for MOP were: extraction temperature (80 °C), extraction duration (2 h), no. of extractions (3), and ratio of water to raw material (30 mL/g). Furthermore, the results indicate that MOP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) elevated the levels of leukocyte (p < 0.01), neutrophil (p < 0.01), lymphocyte (p < 0.01) and mononuclear cell (p < 0.01) in leukopenia mice. Besides, MOP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) also increased thymus (p < 0.01) and spleen (p < 0.05) indices and serum levels of IL-3 (p < 0.05) and IL-6 (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Orthogonal design is a good strategy for optimizing extraction parameters of MOP. Furthermore, MOP stimulated synthesis of leukocytes in CTX-induced leukopenia in mice. Thus, MOP is a potential adjunct for the treatment of tumors/cancers.Keywords: Morinda officinalis, Polyscacharide, Orthogonal design, Leukopenia, Thymus index, Spleen inde

JAK2V617F and p53 mutations coexist in erythroleukemia and megakaryoblastic leukemic cell lines

BACKGROUND: JAK2V617F, a gain-of-function mutant form of tyrosine kinase JAK2, is found in the majority of patients with Ph- myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), a group of chronic hematological diseases that often lead to acute leukemia. The current study is intended to find other gene mutations that collaborate with JAK2V617F to cause leukemic transformation. METHODS: Total RNA and genomic DNA were isolated from two JAK2V617F-positive cell lines, namely, erythroleukemic HEL and megakaryoblastic leukemic SET-2 cells. Candidate genes were amplified by PCR and further sequenced. RESULTS: Homozygous mutations of the TP53 gene which encodes tumor suppressor p53 were found in HEL and SET-2 cells. While HEL cells, which have homozygous JAK2V617F, contain a rare M133K p53 mutation, SET-2 cells, which have a heterozygous JAK2V617F mutation, contain a common R248W p53 alteration. Western blot analyses revealed high levels of p53 expression in both cells. M133K and R248W are located in the DNA binding domain of p53. Structural analyses revealed that they potentially disrupt the interaction of p53 with DNA, thereby causing loss of p53 function. CONCLUSIONS: JAK2V617F and p53 mutations coexist in leukemia cells. We believe that JAK2V617F is able to drive leukemic transformation when the function of tumor suppressor p53 is lost. The interplay of JAK2V617F with p53 may affect the progression of MPNs

Task-driven Semantic-aware Green Cooperative Transmission Strategy for Vehicular Networks

Considering the infrastructure deployment cost and energy consumption, it is unrealistic to provide seamless coverage of the vehicular network. The presence of uncovered areas tends to hinder the prevalence of the in-vehicle services with large data volume. To this end, we propose a predictive cooperative multi-relay transmission strategy (PreCMTS) for the intermittently connected vehicular networks, fulfilling the 6G vision of semantic and green communications. Specifically, we introduce a task-driven knowledge graph (KG)-assisted semantic communication system, and model the KG into a weighted directed graph from the viewpoint of transmission. Meanwhile, we identify three predictable parameters about the individual vehicles to perform the following anticipatory analysis. Firstly, to facilitate semantic extraction, we derive the closed-form expression of the achievable throughput within the delay requirement. Then, for the extracted semantic representation, we formulate the mutually coupled problems of semantic unit assignment and predictive relay selection as a combinatorial optimization problem, to jointly optimize the energy efficiency and semantic transmission reliability. To find a favorable solution within limited time, we proposed a low-complexity algorithm based on Markov approximation. The promising performance gains of the PreCMTS are demonstrated by the simulations with realistic vehicle traces generated by the SUMO traffic simulator.Comment: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Communication

STAR-RIS-Assisted Privacy Protection in Semantic Communication System

Semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a promising architecture in the realm of intelligent communication paradigms. SemCom involves extracting and compressing the core information at the transmitter while enabling the receiver to interpret it based on established knowledge bases (KBs). This approach enhances communication efficiency greatly. However, the open nature of wireless transmission and the presence of homogeneous KBs among subscribers of identical data type pose a risk of privacy leakage in SemCom. To address this challenge, we propose to leverage the simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) to achieve privacy protection in a SemCom system. In this system, the STAR-RIS is utilized to enhance the signal transmission of the SemCom between a base station and a destination user, as well as to covert the signal to interference specifically for the eavesdropper (Eve). Simulation results demonstrate that our generated task-level disturbance outperforms other benchmarks in protecting SemCom privacy, as evidenced by the significantly lower task success rate achieved by Eve

Magnetoelectric interaction and transport behaviours in magnetic nanocomposite thermoelectric materials

How to suppress the performance deterioration of thermoelectric materials in the intrinsic excitation region remains a key challenge. The magnetic transition of permanent magnet nanoparticles from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism provides an effective approach to finding the solution to this challenge. Here, we have designed and prepared magnetic nanocomposite thermoelectric materials consisting of BaFe12O19 nanoparticles and Ba0.3In0.3Co4Sb12 matrix. It was found that the electrical transport behaviours of the nanocomposites are controlled by the magnetic transition of BaFe12O19 nanoparticles from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism. BaFe12O19 nanoparticles trap electrons below the Curie temperature (TC) and release the trapped electrons above the TC, playing an ‘electron repository’ role in maintaining high figure of merit ZT. BaFe12O19 nanoparticles produce two types of magnetoelectric effect—electron spiral motion and magnon-drag thermopower—as well as enhancing phonon scattering. Our work demonstrates that the performance deterioration of thermoelectric materials in the intrinsic excitation region can be suppressed through the magnetic transition of permanent magnet nanoparticles

Endothelial activation in thromboangiitis obliterans: mechanisms and therapeutic horizons

Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a non-atherosclerotic, inflammatory vasculopathy characterized by thrombotic occlusion of small- and medium-sized vessels, leading to tissue ischemia and gangrene. Emerging evidence underscores endothelial cell (EC) activation as a central driver of disease progression, mediated by immune dysregulation, oxidative stress (Nrf2/ROS imbalance), impaired nitric oxide signaling (eNOS/iNOS dysregulation), endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial dysfunction, and disrupted copper/iron homeostasis. These pathways collectively promote a prothrombotic, proinflammatory endothelial phenotype, perpetuating vascular injury. Current therapies primarily alleviate symptoms but fail to address underlying EC dysfunction. Recent advances, including stem cell therapy and targeted immunomodulation, offer promising avenues for restoring endothelial homeostasis. However, translating mechanistic insights into durable clinical benefits requires further research into precision medicine approaches and large-scale validation of novel therapeutics. This review summarizes the multifactorial pathogenesis of TAO, emphasizing EC activation as a therapeutic linchpin, and outlines future directions to bridge translational gaps in disease management

各種ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルを用いた P-糖タンパク質の基質となる薬物の消化管吸収性の改善及び P-糖タンパク質の機能抑制機構の解明

京都薬科大学博士（薬科学）2016年度doctoral thesi