A NIILIDADE E O ANONIMATO DE DEUS: O APOFATISMO DO MÍSTICO PSEUDO-DIONÍSIO, O AREOPAGITA

This article presented the apophatism of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, a mystical knowledge as refusing determine God as an objective concept and requires the abandonment of formulations that dare quit the Divine Mystery into categories. Therefore, it was necessary to discuss the principle, the difference between the apophaticism own ousia of Scholastic concludes that by reason of the impossibility of knowledge of the “substance” of the Absolute and the persona of the Areopagite concluded that, from personal a relationship and / existential or establish with God, that He cannot be exhausted in noetic formulations of thought. In this sense, the apophatism presents as mystical resignation or a way of overcoming the knowledge of God, which is in the darkness and silence far away from all conceptual idolatry that dare to define Him; unless the symbolic language concluded from their phanias. Understood as mystical renunciation, this apophatism possible to understand God as the “Nothing of all that is” and how “Unnamed Name”; i.e., its nihility and your anonymity. KEYWORD

Midge-stabilized sediment drives the composition of benthic cladoceran communities in Lake Mývatn, Iceland

The importance of environmental disturbances as drivers of ecological communities depends not only on the magnitude of the disturbance, but also on the disturbance-specific sensitivity of the community. Organisms that alter the physical structure of their surroundings can affect the sensitivity of their habitat to environmental disturbance, and may alter the potential for disturbance to shape ecological communities. Such organisms therefore act as ecosystem engineers by indirectly modifying the resources available to other species. The benthos of shallow, eutrophic Lake Mývatn, Iceland, is frequently disturbed by wind events that lead to sediment resuspension. The impact of wind, however, depends on the abundance of midges (Chironomidae) whose larval tubes bind sediment and reduce wind-driven resuspension. Here, we investigate the long-term effect of fluctuations in midge abundance on the benthic cladoceran community using two lake sediment cores representing 30 and 140 years of deposition. In both cores, midge remains show a significant positive correlation with abundance of a large benthic surface-dwelling cladoceran, Eurycercus lamellatus, relative to the abundance of a small within-sediment-dwelling cladoceran, Alona rectangula. To experimentally investigate whether this shift could have been caused by midges acting as ecosystem engineers, we subjected cladoceran communities to sediment resuspension events within mesocosms. We found a significant decrease in abundance of the large epibenthic E. lamellatus relative to the abundance of small infaunal Alona spp. when subjected to disturbance. These findings show that physical alteration of benthic sediment and hence the sensitivity of the sediment to disturbance may explain the community shift in cladocerans observed with fluctuating midge abundance in Lake Mývatn.National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Grant Number: DGE-1256259 LTREB. Grant Number: DEB-1052160Peer Reviewe

The impact of a value-added model on educational leadership practices in northwest Louisiana

This study addressed the impact of VAM, concerns with VAM data, uses and interventions educational leaders provided teachers, and components perceived as necessary for VAM effectiveness as an evaluation tool. The demographics used for this study were position, school size, and experience. Due to the documented need for educational accountability from the 1960s to present, the knowledge gained in this study was valuable. While the initiative was implemented as a response to increased accountability, the perceptions and understanding of such new initiatives can impact their effectiveness; in turn, impacting educational leadership. This study focused on the effectiveness of VAM. In this quantitative study, data were gathered through a survey. The study participants were educational leaders, including principals, assistant principals, coordinators, and district-level personnel. The data collection and analysis were guided by the following research questions: 1) Did the impact of VAM on leadership practices differ based on position, school size, and years of experience in northwest Louisiana? 2) Did concerns of educational leaders about VAM effectiveness differ based on position, school size, and years of experience in northwest Louisiana? 3) Did the uses and interventions (student placement, teacher placement, professional development, giving teachers feedback, more observations, and termination) educational leaders provided to teachers differ based on position, school size, and years of experience? 4) Did educational leaders\u27 perceptions of components necessary for VAM effectiveness differ based on position, school size, years of experience in northwest Louisiana? This study revealed that educational leaders experienced problems with the impact of VAM, the components of VAM effectiveness, and how they used the information generated by VAM in their leadership practices based on position, school size and years of experience

Influence of a short-term, multicomponent intervention on balance and strength among the elderly

Background: Few studies have combined strength and balance training to assess improvement of activities of daily living among subjects over the age of 65. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how an eight-week balance and strength training program can lead to improvements in activities of daily living among elderly individuals. Methods: The subjects consisted of 14 elderly women and 3 elderly men who were all residents of an independent living community. There were 10 subjects in the intervention group and 7 subjects in the control group. The intervention group participated in a supervised balance and strength training program twice a week for eight weeks. Results: Significant improvements were observed in the intervention group in regard to upper body strength and balance performance. Conclusions: Balance and strength exercises increase muscular strength and dynamic balance which may, in turn, improve an older individual’s ability to perform activities of daily living

Inverse Probability Weighted Estimating Equations for Randomized Trials in Transfusion Medicine

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Cook, R. J., Lee, K.-A., Cuerden, M. and Cotton, C. A. (2013), Inverse probability weighted estimating equations for randomized trials in transfusion medicine. Statist. Med., 32: 4380–4399. doi:10.1002/sim.5827, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.5827. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by extremely low platelet counts, which puts patients at elevated risk of morbidity and mortality because of bleeding. Trials in transfusion medicine are routinely designed to assess the effect of experimental platelet products on patients platelet counts. In such trials, patients may receive multiple platelet transfusions over a predefined period of treatment, and a response is available from each such administration. The resulting data comprised multiple responses per patient, and although it is natural to want to use this data in testing for treatment effects, naive analyses of the multiple responses can yield biased estimates of the probability of response and associated treatment effects. These biases arise because only subsets of the patients randomized contribute response data on the second and subsequent administrations of therapy and the balance between treatment groups with respect to potential confounding factors is lost. We discuss the design and analysis issues involved in this setting and make recommendations for the design of future platelet transfusion trials.Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RJC RGPIN 155849, CAC RGPIN 402474); Canadian Institutes for Health Research (FRN 13887); Canada Research Chair (Tier 1) – CIHR funded (950-226626

Strukturelle und funktionelle Charakterisierung von Komponenten der eukaryotischen Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster-Biogenese-Maschinerie

Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster (Fe/S-Cluster) sind essentielle und vielseitige Kofaktoren zahlreicher Proteine und kommen in allen bekannten Lebensformen vor. Trotz ihrer vergleichsweise einfachen Struktur erfordert ihre Biosynthese und der Einbau in Apoproteine komplexe Synthesemaschinerien, die evolutionär konserviert sind. Im eukaryotischen Modellorganismus S. cerevisiae hängt die Biogenese mitochondrialer Fe/S-Proteine von der mitochondrialen ISC-Maschinerie ab, während die Synthese zytosolischer und nukleärer Fe/S-Proteine zusätzlich noch die mitochondriale ISC-Export- und die zytosolische CIA Maschinerie erfordert. Sowohl die Biosynthese mitochondrialer Fe/S-Proteine als auch die von zytosolischen oder nukleären Fe/S Proteinen kann in zwei biochemische Hauptreaktionen eingeteilt werden. Nach der de novo Assemblierung eines Fe/S Clusters auf einem Gerüstprotein wird der so vorgefertigte Cluster auf das eigentliche Zielprotein übertragen und dort inseriert. Während nahezu alle Komponenten der Biogenesemaschinerien mittlerweile bekannt sind, ist der molekulare Mechanismus der in vivo Fe/S-Cluster Biosynthese noch in vielen Punkten ungeklärt. Für die de novo Assemblierung von Fe/S-Clustern auf dem Gerüstprotein Isu1 der mitochondrialen ISC-Maschinerie ist die Elektronenübertragung durch ein Ferredoxin essentiell. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass sich eukaryotische mitochondriale Ferredoxine funktionell und strukturell in drei Untergruppen aufteilen lassen. Während die Mitglieder der ersten Untergruppe wie humanes Ferredoxin Fdx2 spezifisch an der Fe/S-Cluster Biogenese und der Häm A Biosynthese beteiligt sind, liefern die Ferredoxine der zweiten Untergruppe wie das Fdx2-verwandte humane Ferredoxin Fdx1 Elektronen für die Steroidbiogenese durch Cytochrom P450 Enzyme (CYP). Die dritte Untergruppe bilden die noch vielseitigeren Ferredoxine aus Pilzen wie Yah1 aus S. cerevisiae, das neben den Funktionen des Fdx2 auch noch eine essentielle Rolle in der Biosynthese von Koenzym Q6 spielt. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Struktur des humanen Ferredoxins Fdx2 mit einer Auflösung von 1,7 Å durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse bestimmt. Im Vergleich zur schon bekannten Struktur von Fdx1 besitzt Fdx2 eine nahezu identische Faltung. Strukturelle Unterschiede wurden nur in der α-Helix C sowie im Bereich nach α-Helix C gefunden. Dies warf die Frage nach der strukturellen Basis für die hohe Substratspezifität der beiden humanen Ferredoxine auf. Durch genetische und biochemische Experimente konnte gezeigt werden, dass der hoch konservierte C Terminus von Fdx2 essentiell für die in vivo Funktion des Proteins in der Biogenese von Fe/S-Clustern ist. Ein in der Fe/S-Cluster Biogenese funktionelles Fdx1 konnte durch die Übertragung der 27 C-terminalen Aminosäuren des Fdx2 an den Fdx1 C-Terminus erzeugt werden. Weitere Sequenzaustausche im Bereich der α Helix C sowie in der Fe/S-Cluster-bedeckenden Schlaufe erhöhten die Funktionsfähigkeit des Fdx1 in der Fe/S Proteinbiogenese, was die Rolle dieser Reste bei der Erzeugung der Substratspezifität nachweist. Umgekehrt gelang es, in Fdx2 eine Elektronenübertragungsfunktion auf CYP einzuführen. Die hierfür kritische Mutation wurde als R73E identifiziert. Die Umfunktionalisierung des Fdx2 war überraschenderweise nicht abhängig von der Sequenz am C Terminus. Da die Funktionsübertragung durch die R73E Mutation nur partiell erfolgte, scheint diese Schlüsselaminosäure nicht allein verantwortlich für die Spezifität von Fdx1 für CYP zu sein. Der positiv geladene Rest R73 im Fdx2 könnte daher eher verhindern, dass dieses Ferredoxin Elektronen auf CYP übertragen kann. Die theoretische Analyse des Dipolmomentes der Ferredoxine Fdx1 und Fdx2 ergab, dass die Dipolmomentvektoren der beiden Ferredoxine nahezu senkrecht zueinander stehen. Da die Interaktion der hochgeladenen Ferredoxine mit ihren Proteinpartnern auf Ladungswechselwirkungen beruht, deutet dieser Unterschied auf einen elektrostatischen Steuerungseffekt bei der Annäherung der Ferredoxine an den entsprechenden Elektronenakzeptor als mögliche Unterstützung der Funktionsspezifität hin. Ein solcher Steuerungseffekt könnte ein allgemeines Prinzip bei der Annäherung von Proteinen in transienten Elektronentransferkomplexen darstellen. .

À sombra da física: avaliação de um projeto educativo

This work aims to show learning results obtained in a project developed with students of 2nd and 3rd years of secondary education, the State College Hostel Dr..RaimundoAlbergariaFilho - Interscholastic Center - in Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais in the years 2005 and 2006, relating to the planting of trees on school work targeting specific content of Thermal Physics and thus escaping the routine and tiresome expository lessons of discipline. With this project, the teacher aimed to also throw shade on the walls of the classrooms, as well as bring more comfort to its users and work values as group integration, interdisciplinary learning, ecological awareness and concern for the environment, looking for practical solutions to difficulties in the context in which they are inserted. In 2014, with a new class of 3rd year from the same school, the teacher promotes the avaluation of the results of this project through new measurements of the temperature in classrooms, discussions, interviews, questionnaires and suggestions for new projects on physics teaching and educational process in general. Thus, this thesis aims to determine the effectiveness of a project that applied knowledge of Thermal Physics in classes in high school in the state of Minas Gerais and show that involved students understood, by own means, the content learned in classroom can be used to improve the quality of life around you.Este trabalho pretende mostrar resultados de aprendizagem obtidos em projeto desenvolvido com os alunos dos 2º e 3º anos, Ensino Médio, do Colégio Estadual Dr. Raimundo Albergaria Filho Centro Interescolar -, em Governador Valadares, MG, nos anos de 2005 e 2006, referente ao plantio de mudas de árvores na área da escola, visando trabalhar conteúdo específico de Física Térmica e assim fugindo da rotina das aulas expositivas e cansativas da disciplina. Com esse projeto, visava-se também lançar sombra nas paredes das salas de aula das turmas, bem como trazer mais conforto aos seus usuários e trabalhar valores como integração dos grupos, aprendizagem interdisciplinar, conscientização ecológica e preocupação com o meio ambiente, procurando soluções práticas para dificuldades no contexto em que estão inseridos. Em 2014, com nova turma de 3º ano da mesma escola, promove-se a avaliação dos resultados desse projeto através de novas medições das temperaturas das salas, discussões, entrevistas, questionários e sugestões para novos projetos dentro do ensino da Física e do processo educativo em geral. Desse modo, esta monografia tem por objetivo verificar a efetividade de um projeto que aplicava conhecimentos da Física Térmica em turmas de Ensino Médio da rede estadual de Minas Gerais e mostrar que os alunos envolvidos compreenderam, por meios próprios, que os conteúdos aprendidos em sala de aula podem ser usados para melhorar a qualidade de vida ao seu redor