Calming the Tempest: The Benefits of Using Prospero for Electronic Document Delivery in a Large Academic Library

To effectively supplement a library???s collection, Interlibrary Loan departments must strive to produce materials quickly. As libraries acquire more online databases, ILL departments experience a reciprocal increase in article requests submitted. Facing increased demands, how can ILL departments improve and maintain timely and efficient service? The Information Resource and Retrieval Center at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign responded to this challenge by integrating Electronic Document Delivery to the benefit of library users. This article describes UIUC???s decision to use Prospero for EDD and the trials and triumphs of Prospero???s successful implementation.published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe

Managing Employees in Interlibrary Loan, Circulation and Reserves: Supervision in a Production Environment

In a production environment, strategies for dealing with personnel problems are critical. Two of the most challenging staff problems that an interlibrary loan manager can confront are: (1) How to keep up with work when employees are absent and (2) Employee productivity problems. Interlibrary loan departments face the unique paradox of a workplace that is constantly changing and becoming more efficient due to the influence of technology on daily processes, yet still relies heavily on the daily labor and productivity of the staff. Additionally, interlibrary loan departments face almost constant time pressures, both from internal and external customers. The challenge is magnified when personnel issues arise, and the time needed to problem solve seems nonexistent. In particular, absenteeism and worker productivity can have disastrous results on interlibrary loan service quality, as well as a negative effect on departmental morale

Comparing Formal and Informal Institutions with the Institutional Grammar Tool

Conference Paper"While the role of formal and informal institutions has been long recognized among common-pool resources scholars working under the Institutional Analysis and Development Framework (IAD), not much attention has been devoted to disentangling the relative influence of each one on social behavior. We explore this issue through the application of the grammar of institutions, semi-structured interviews, and Q-sort methods. The goal of this paper is two-fold. First, the paper seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the interplay between formal and informal institutions on policy compliance. We do so in the context of aquaculture policies in the State of Colorado, USA. Second, this paper seeks to continue to develop Crawford and Ostrom’s grammar of institutions as an analytical tool for systematic institutional analysis. The results from the case study are mixed. We found some respondents reporting strong alignment between informal and the formal institutions but others reporting weak alignment. Additionally, feelings of personal guilt or shame and fear of social disapproval, together, were cited as being more influential in shaping individuals’ decision making regarding compliance with formal institutions than was fear of monetary sanctioning. The paper concludes with a discussion of the unexpected relationships among different syntactic elements of the grammar thereby deepening the understanding of how the grammar of institutions can help in the examination of policy documents and explain human behavior.

School Milk Consumption in Germany - What are Important Product Attributes for Children and Parents?

Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Using the IAD's Institutional Grammar to Understand Policy Design: An Application to Colorado Aquaculture

This draft offers a preliminary analysis of an on-going project to develop guidelines for applying the IAD's Institutional Grammar to understand the content of policy design. We seek to understand the foundational elements of policy design by examining the individual institutional statements that constitute policies. The Institutional Grammar offered by the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework is a valuable tool with which to systematically identify the institutions-in-form that govern behavior of people in collective action situations. Understanding how these statements are modified over time may be indicative of broader changes regarding how policy issues are framed, altered contextual factors, and new actors and sources of information entering the policy arena. In this study, we adapt the IAD's Institutional Grammar to code the major laws and regulations of Colorado State aquaculture, through which we identify the institutions-in-form that guide aquaculture activities in the State. We focus our discussion on offering insights regarding the applicability of the IAD's Institutional Grammar as it is currently presented, including theoretical limitations and suggestions for improved applications

School milk demand in Germany: The role of individual and contextual factors - preliminary results

Replaced with revised version of paper 12/01/11.Demand and Price Analysis,

A Social-Ecological-Infrastructural Systems Framework for Interdisciplinary Study of Sustainable City Systems

Cities are embedded within larger-scale engineered infrastructures (e.g., electric power, water supply, and transportation networks) that convey natural resources over large distances for use by people in cities. The sustainability of city systems therefore depends upon complex, cross-scale interactions between the natural system, the transboundary engineered infrastructures, and the multiple social actors and institutions that govern these infrastructures. These elements, we argue, are best studied in an integrated manner using a novel social-ecological-infrastructural systems (SEIS) framework. In the biophysical subsystem, the SEIS framework integrates urban metabolism with life cycle assessment to articulate transboundary infrastructure supply chain water, energy, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission footprints of cities. These infrastructure footprints make visible multiple resources (water, energy, materials) used directly or indirectly (embodied) to support human activities in cities. They inform cross-scale and cross-infrastructure sector strategies for mitigating environmental pollution, public health risks and supply chain risks posed to cities. In the social subsystem, multiple theories drawn from the social sciences explore interactions between three actor categories—individual resource users, infrastructure designers and operators, and policy actors—who interact with each other and with infrastructures to shape cities toward sustainability outcomes. Linking of the two subsystems occurs by integrating concepts, theories, laws, and models across environmental sciences/climatology, infrastructure engineering, industrial ecology, architecture, urban planning, behavioral sciences, public health, and public affairs. Such integration identifies high-impact leverage points in the urban SEIS. An interdisciplinary SEIS-based curriculum on sustainable cities is described and evaluated for its efficacy in promoting systems thinking and interdisciplinary vocabulary development, both of which are measures of effective frameworks

On the chromatic aberration of microlenses

The optical properties of plano-convex refractive microlenses with low Fresnel Number (typically FN < 10) are investigated. It turns out that diffraction effects at the lens aperture limit the range of the effective focal length. The upper limit of the focal length is determined by the diffraction pattern of a pinhole with equal diameter. In addition achromatic microlenses can be realized because refraction and diffraction have opposing effects on the focal length. Gaussian beam propagation method has been used for simulation. The presented results are of relevance for applications, where microlenses with small apertures and long focal lengths are used, for example, Shack Hartmann wavefront sensors or confocal microscopes

EINE LOGIT-ANALYSE ZUR DIFFERENZIERUNG VON KÄUFERN UND NICHT-KÄUFERN VON SCHULMILCH IN DEUTSCHLAND

Vor dem Hintergrund eines sinkenden Schulmilchkonsums in Deutschland stellt sich generell die Frage, welche Faktoren für die Kaufentscheidung von Schulmilch wichtig sind und, ob unterschiedliche Konsummuster für einzelne Gruppen existieren. Dieser Beitrag erweitert bestehende ökonometrische Erklärungsansätze um Schüler- und Haushaltscharakteristika. Dazu werden auf der Grundlage der Discrete Choice-Theorie zwei Konsummuster, die Gruppe der Schulmilchbesteller und die Gruppe der Nicht-Besteller, betrachtet. Mit Hilfe eines Logit-Modells werden Einflussfaktoren analysiert, die über das Konsummuster entscheiden. Als wichtige Faktoren kristallisieren sich die befürwortenden und ablehnenden Einstellungen der Schulkinder und ihrer Eltern gegenüber Milch und Schulmilch heraus. Weiterhin variiert die Chance Schulmilch zu bestellen mit dem Geschlecht, dem Alter und dem Migrationshintergrund der Schulkinder. Schulkinder aus Haushalten mit niedrigen Nettoeinkommen weisen eine höhere Chance auf, keine Schulmilch zu bestellen als Kinder aus Haushalten mit höherem Einkommen. Das Produktsortiment beeinflusst ebenfalls die Bestellwahrscheinlichkeit. Ist dieses vielfältig, erhöht sie sich, werden hingegen auch andere Getränke angeboten, sinkt sie. School milk consumption is currently declining in Germany. To analyse the reasons for this development existing econometric models are extended by characteristics of pupils and their households. Based on discrete choice theory, a logit model is applied investigating factors which distinguish school milk buyers from non-buyers. Important factors are the attitude of pupils and children towards milk and school milk as well as nutritional behavior at school. Buying behavior varies with age, sex and the migration background of pupils. Girls, pupils with migration background and older pupils show a higher chance of being in the non-buyer group. The same holds for children who belong to a low-income household. At school a higher variety of school milk products increases the chance for buying school milk while offering non-milk beverages reduces it.Schulmilch, Logit-Modell, Nachfrageanalyse, school milk, logit model, demand analysis, Agribusiness,