Research on the carbon emissions reduction effects of China’s digital economy: moderating role of the national big data comprehensive pilot zone policy

The rapid expansion of the digital economy presents substantial opportunities for achieving the “dual carbon” objectives in China and globally. Understanding how the digital economy contributes to carbon emission reduction is essential for promoting high-quality economic growth. This study examines the mechanisms through which the digital economy affects carbon emissions, with a focus on the “production side” of the social reproduction process. Using panel data from 30 provincial-level regions in China between 2012 and 2022, this study employs a dual fixed-effects model and a mediation effect model to analyze the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions. It explores three key channels–scale effects, structural effects, and technological effects. Additionally, a moderating effect model is applied to assess the role of the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone (NBDCPZ) policy in enhancing the carbon reduction effects of the digital economy. The findings indicate that: (1) The digital economy plays a significant role in reducing carbon emissions, with its effects being more pronounced in eastern regions and areas with abundant energy resources and higher levels of digital economic development. (2) On the production side, technological progress and structural upgrading mediate the reduction of carbon emissions, whereas scale expansion increases emissions. However, the combined effect of technological progress and structural upgrading outweighs the negative impact of scale expansion. (3) The moderating effect analysis reveals that the NBDCPZ policy amplifies the carbon reduction effects of the digital economy, further strengthening its prohibitive influence on emissions. As nations increasingly prioritize sustainable development, this study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms by which the digital economy contributes to emission reduction. The findings highlight the need for region-specific policies that leverage digital transformation to achieve carbon neutrality goals

The effects of green finance on the carbon decoupling of marine fishery: analysis based on Tapio method and EKC model

Marine fishery, with its duality of carbon emission and carbon sink, is an industry that needs full attention during achieving carbon neutrality. In this paper, the decoupling index between net CO2 emissions and gross domestic product of marine fishery in China is calculated using Tapio model, and its evolution characteristics are analyzed by means of nuclear density map and Markov matrix. Some problems are found, such as the decoupling state lacked significant improvement during this period and was unstable. Through theoretical analysis, this paper puts forward the view that solving these problems requires support from green finance. Then, this paper selects panel data from 11 coastal provinces and cities in China from 2010 to 2020 and uses the Logit model and EKC model to investigate the impact of green finance on the carbon decoupling state of marine fishery. The main results of this study are as follows: 1) Green finance can increase the odds ratio of strong or weak decoupling in marine fishery. This effect is more significant in regions with a high degree of digital finance development and the eastern marine economic circle. The effect of green investment is more significant than green insurance. In addition, boosting technological innovation and reducing the proportion of coal consumption can strengthen this effect. 2) The EKC curve between net CO2 emissions and gross domestic product of marine fishery is N-shape, which has a deterioration point. Green finance can delay the arrival of the deterioration point, meaning it can prevent the rapid deterioration of the decoupling state with the development of marine fishery. This paper provides empirical evidence and decision-making reference for resolving the dilemma of carbon decoupling in China’s marine fishery

Memoire De Vente

https://digitalcommons.risd.edu/specialcollections_bookcontest9th2023/1022/thumbnail.jp

The Study of Construction Methods on Groundsill Works－Example of “Erren Intake”

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Flame Boundary Measurement Using an Electrostatic Sensor Array

Flame boundary is an important geometrical characteristic for the evaluation of flame properties such as heat release rate and radiation. Reliable and accurate measurement of flame boundary is desirable for the prediction of flame structure and the optimization of combustion systems. Such measurement will inform the designers and operators of the combustion systems. This paper presents for the first time a study of using an electrostatic sensor array for flame boundary measurement. The electrostatic sensor is placed in the vicinity of the flame to sense its movement through charge transfer. The principle, design, implementation and assessment of a measurement system based on this methodology are introduced. Comparative experimental investigations with a digital camera conducted on a laboratory-scale combustion test rig show that the electrostatic sensor can respond to the variation of the distance between the electrode and the flame boundary. Reconstruction of the flame boundary is achieved using a set of distance measurements obtained from a sensor array. For diffusion flames over the range of fuel flow rate 0.60-0.80 L/min and premixed flames over the range of equivalence ratio 1.27-3.81, experimental results show that the measurement system is capable of providing reliable measurement of the flame boundary. The correlation coefficients under all test conditions are mostly larger than 0.96, the mean relative errors within 7.4% and the relative root mean square errors within 0.09. More accurate flame boundary measurements are achieved for diffusion flames. In addition, the overall polarity of charges in a flame can be determined from the polarity of the sensor signal

Extracellular Vesicles and Immune Activation in Solid Organ Transplantation:The Impact of Immunosuppression

Recent advances in extracellular vesicle (EV) research in organ transplantation have highlighted the crucial role of donor-derived EVs in triggering alloimmune responses, ultimately contributing to transplant rejection. Following transplantation, EVs carrying donor major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules activate recipient antigen-presenting cells (APCs), initiating both alloreactive and regulatory T-cell responses. While immunosuppressive drugs are essential for preventing rejection, they may also influence the biogenesis and release of EVs from donor cells. This review examines the impact of maintenance immunosuppressive therapy on EV biogenesis and release post-transplantation. In addition, EV release and uptake may be influenced by specific factors such as the patient's end-stage organ disease and the transplant procedure itself. In-vitro studies using primary human parenchymal and immune cells-integrated with cutting-edge multi-omics techniques, including genomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and single-EV analysis-will offer deeper insights into EV biology and the mechanisms by which immunosuppressive agents regulate EV-initiated immune processes. A detailed understanding of how organ failure, the transplantation procedure and immunosuppressive drugs affect the biology of EVs may uncover new roles for EVs in immune activation and regulation in patients, ultimately leading to improved immunosuppressive strategies and better transplant outcomes

Accurate Time-segmented Loss Model for SiC MOSFETs in Electro-thermal Multi-Rate Simulation

Compared with silicon (Si) power devices, Silicon carbide (SiC) devices have the advantages of fast switching speed and low on-resistance. However, the effects of non-ideal characteristics of SiC MOSFETs and stray parameters (especially parasitic inductance) on switching losses need to be further evaluated. In this paper, a transient loss model based on SiC MOSFET and SiC Schottky barrier diode (SBD) switching pairs is proposed. The transient process analysis is simplified by time segmentation of the transient process of power switching devices. The electro-thermal simulation calculates the junction temperature and updates the temperature-related parameters with the proposed loss model and the thermal network model. A multi-rate data exchange strategy is proposed to solve the problem of disparity in timescales between circuit simulation and thermal network simulation. The CREE CMF20120D SiC MOSFET device is used for the experimental verification. The experimental results verify the accuracy of the model which provides guidance for the circuit design of SiC MOSFETs. All the parameters of the loss model can be extracted from the datasheet, which is practical in power electronics design

Reduced-order modeling of a sliding ring on an elastic rod with incremental potential formulation

Mechanical interactions between rigid rings and flexible cables are widespread in both daily life (hanging clothes) and engineering system (closing a tether net). A reduced-order method for the dynamic analysis of sliding rings on a deformable one-dimensional (1D) rod-like object is proposed. In contrast to discretize the joint rings into multiple nodes and edges for contact detection and numerical simulation, a single point is used to reduce the order of the numerical model. In order to achieve the non-deviation condition between sliding ring and flexible rod, a novel barrier functional is derived based on incremental potential theory, and the tangent frictional interplay is later procured by a lagged dissipative formulation. The proposed barrier functional and the associated frictional functional are $C^{2}$ continuous, hence the nonlinear elastodynamic system can be solved variationally by an implicit time-stepping scheme. The numerical framework is first applied to simple examples where the analytical solutions are available for validation. Then, multiple complex practical engineering examples are considered to showcase the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simplified ring-to-rod interaction model can provide lifelike visual effect for picture animations, and also can support the optimal design for space debris removal system.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure