Vorwort

Die Junge Slavistik im Dialog ist eine Konferenzreihe, die 2021 zum 16. Mal an der Universität Kiel stattgefunden hat und sich vorwiegend an Studierende und Promovierende der Slavistik und benachbarter Fächer richtet. Eine Auswahl der Beiträge wird jedes Jahr in einem Sammelband veröffentlicht – mit diesem Band das erste Mal im Open Access. Der vorliegende Band beinhaltet eine breite Palette von 45 Beiträgen aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen und in fünf Sprachen. Es werden Fragen der Literatur-, Kultur- und Sprachwissenschaft ebenso behandelt, wie historische Themen und aktuelle Bezüge zu Medien und Medialität, Migration und Identität an süd- ost- und westslavischen Beispielen.The Junge Slavistik im Dialog (Young Slavic Studies in dialogue) is a conference series that took place for the 16th time in 2021 at Kiel University and is aimed primarily at students and doctoral candidates in Slavic studies and related subjects. A selection of the contributions is published every year in an anthology – with this volume being published for the first time in open access. The present volume contains a wide range of 45 contributions from different disciplines and in five languages. Questions of literary, cultural and linguistic studies are discussed, as are historical topics and current references to media and mediality, migration and identity of south-, east- and west-Slavic examples

Not Empty-Handed: Forest Policy and Economy in Wien and Niederdonau, 1938–1945

The potential of production of Austrian forests was an economically motivated reason for the ‘Anschluss’ in 1938. Harvest and transport of wood depended on the force of prisoners of war and forced labourers. The Reichsforstverwaltung had to more and more neglect operative activities due to its overtaxing by bureaucratic investigations. This organisation was also involved in both the expropriation of Jewish land owners and the political mobilisation of the forestry official.The potential of production of Austrian forests was an economically motivated reason for the ‘Anschluss’ in 1938. Harvest and transport of wood depended on the force of prisoners of war and forced labourers. The Reichsforstverwaltung had to more and more neglect operative activities due to its overtaxing by bureaucratic investigations. This organisation was also involved in both the expropriation of Jewish land owners and the political mobilisation of the forestry official

A Human-SCID Mouse Model for Allergic Immune Responses: Bacterial Superantigen Enhances Skin Inflammation and Suppresses IgE Production

Chronic skin colonization with Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known feature in atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to develop a human-SCID mouse model to analyze the possible role of bacterial superantigens in human allergic immune responses under in vivo conditions. SCID mice were reconstituted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (between 2 and 9 × 107 cells per mouse) from atopic dermatitis patients sensitized to house dust mite allergen (Der p). Total and Der p specific antibody production required the following conditions: (i) injection of Der p; (ii) presence of CD14+ antigen-presenting cells; and (iii) IL-4 as shown by the inhibitory effect of human soluble IL-4 receptor on immunoglobulin E production. This model was used to study the immunomodulatory effects of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B in comparision with Der p. In intraperitoneally reconstituted human-SCID mice, topical treatment was ineffective in inducing skin inflammation. Therefore, additionally to intraperitoneal transfer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from atopic donors were also injected intradermally. Such reconstituted SCID mice were then exposed via the skin to either Der p, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, or a combination of both. Maximal effects on epidermal inflammation and dermal T cell infiltration were obtained with staphylococcal enterotoxin B and Der p. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B alone was less effective and Der p only stimulated dermal T cell infiltration. These findings support the hypothesis that bacterial superantigens can act as trigger factors in allergic skin inflammation

Application of 10% imidacloprid/50% permethrin to prevent Ehrlichia canis exposure in dogs under natural conditions

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) caused by Ehrlichia canis is the most known canine tick-borne disease (TBD) spread throughout the world. Preventing tick bites is a priority to reduce the risk of TBDs and it was the aim of the present study to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10% and permethrin 50% (ImPer) (Advantix®; Bayer AG, Germany) in a spot-on formulation to control CME under field conditions. On January–March 2005, 845 dogs from two kennels in southern Italy (kennels of Bari (KB)- and Ginosa (KG)), with a history of tick infestation were initially tested by serology and PCR assay for E. canis infection. Data on Leishmania infantum infection were also available from a previous study carried out on the same dog population. One hundred twenty-six dogs (14.9%) presented anti-E. canis antibodies with a relative prevalence of 15.6% (n = 65 dogs in KB) and 14.2% (n = 61 dogs in KG). Five hundred thirty-five animals found negative both for E. canis and L. infantum infections were enrolled in three groups (Group A—treated with ImPer once a month; Group B—treated every 2 weeks; and Group C—untreated control animals) and monitored for E. canis infection by serology and PCR in November 2005 (first follow-up) and in March 2006 (second follow-up). The E. canis infection was serologically revealed, at the first and/or second follow-up, in 26 animals from Group C in KB and KG (mean incidence density rate (IDR), 13.24%) while in none of the animals from Group A (KB and KG) and only in one animal from Group B (IDR 1.13%) in KG. The final protection efficacy of ImPer ranged from 95.57% to 100% in Groups B and A. At PCR only 15 dogs from KG were positive for Rickettsiales only at the first follow-up and at the sequence analysis two (both in Group C) revealed 100% homology with E. canis sequences while 13 with Anaplasma platys. Four out of 13 A. platys PCR-positive dogs were also seropositive for E. canis at one or both follow-ups. ImPer, by virtue of its repellent and acaricidal activity against ticks, has been shown to be efficacious to prevent E. canis infection in treated dogs living under natural conditions in endemic areas

Effects of high glucose on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation

  Udgivelsesdato: 2007-Nov-9High glucose (HG) concentrations impair cellular functions and induce apoptosis. Exposition of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to HG was reported to reduce colony forming activity and induce premature senescence. We characterized the effects of HG on human MSC in vitro using telomerase-immortalized MSC (hMSC-TERT) and primary MSC (hMSC). HG (25mM) enhanced hMSC-TERT proliferation in long-term studies in contrast to hMSC where proliferation was unchanged. Thioredoxin-interacting protein, which is involved in apoptosis regulation, was stimulated by glucose in hMSC-TERT. However, apoptosis was not influenced by HG in both cell types. MSC treatment with HG favored osteogenic differentiation. MSC are resistant to HG toxicity, depending on the stemness of MSC. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation are stimulated by HG. Effects of HG on the transient amplifying compartment of MSC may differ from those in mature cells. Further research is needed to unravel the molecular mechanisms of HG resistance of MS