Is Acropora Palmata recovering? A case study in Los Roques National Park, Venezuela

Eight years ago (2007), the distribution and status of Acropora palmata was quantified throughout Los Roques archipelago in Venezuela. The aim was to produce a baseline study for this species which combined population genetics with demographic data. The results highlighted that A. palmata had the potential to recover in at least 6 out of 10 sites surveyed. Recovery potential was assumed to be high at sites with a relatively high abundance of the coral, low disease prevalence, high genetic diversity, and high rates of sexual reproduction. However, as noted, Zubillaga et al. (2008) realized recovery was still strongly dependent on local and regional stressors. In 2014 (this study), the status of A. palmata was re-evaluated at Los Roques. We increased the number of sites from 10 in the original baseline study to 106. This allowed us to assess the population status throughout the entirety of the MPA. Furthermore, we also identified local threats that may have hindered population recovery. Here, we show that A. palmata now has a relatively restricted distribution throughout the park, only occurring in 15% of the sites surveyed. Large stands of old dead colonies were common throughout the archipelago; a result which demonstrates that this species has lost almost 50% of its original distribution over the past decades. The majority of corals recorded were large adults (∼2 m height), suggesting that these older colonies might be less susceptible or more resilient to local and global threats. However, 45% of these surviving colonies showed evidence of partial mortality and degradation of living tissues. Interestingly, the greatest increase in partial mortality occurred at sites with the lowest levels of protection (${X}_{o}^{2}=5.4> {X}_{c}^{2}=4.5$; df = 4, p {X}_{\mathrm{cri}}^{2}=1 5.5$; df = 8; p < 0.05) in the density of A. palmata in sites that had previously been categorized as having a high potential for recovery. One explanation for this continued decline may be due to the fact that over the past 10 years, two massive bleaching events have occurred throughout the Caribbean with records showing that Los Roques has experienced unprecedented declines in overall coral cover. We therefore conclude that although local protection could promote recovery, the impacts from global threats such as ocean warming may hamper the recovery of this threatened species

The impact of health insurance on cancer care in disadvantaged communities

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136387/1/cncr30431.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136387/2/cncr30431_am.pd

The “Endless Trip” among the NPS Users: Psychopathology and Psychopharmacology in the Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder. A Systematic Review

Hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is a syndrome characterized by prolonged or reoccurring perceptual symptoms, reminiscent of acute hallucinogen effects. HPPD was associated with a broader range of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)-like substances, cannabis, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, mescaline, and psychostimulants. The recent emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) posed a critical concern regarding the new onset of psychiatric symptoms/syndromes, including cases of HPPD. Symptomatology mainly comprises visual disorders (i.e., geometric pseudo-hallucinations, haloes, flashes of colors/lights, motion-perception deficits, afterimages, micropsia, more acute awareness of floaters, etc.), even though depressive symptoms and thought disorders may be comorbidly present. Although HPPD was first described in 1954, it was just established as a fully syndrome in 2000, with the revised fourth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). HPPD neural substrates, risk factors, and aetiopathogenesys still largely remain unknown and under investigation, and many questions about its pharmacological targets remain unanswered too. A critical mini review on psychopathological bases, etiological hypothesis, and psychopharmacological approaches toward HPPD, including the association with some novel substances, are provided here, by means of a literature search on PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases without time restrictions, by using a specific set of keywords. Pharmacological and clinical issues are considered, and practical psychopharmacological recommendations and clinical guidelines are suggested

Patterns of Coral Disease across the Hawaiian Archipelago: Relating Disease to Environment

In Hawaii, coral reefs occur across a gradient of biological (host abundance), climatic (sea surface temperature anomalies) and anthropogenic conditions from the human-impacted reefs of the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) to the pristine reefs of the northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). Coral disease surveys were conducted at 142 sites from across the Archipelago and disease patterns examined. Twelve diseases were recorded from three coral genera (Porites, Montipora, Acropora) with Porites having the highest prevalence. Porites growth anomalies (PorGAs) were significantly more prevalent within and indicative of reefs in the MHI and Porites trematodiasis (PorTrm) was significantly more prevalent within and indicative of reefs in the NWHI. Porites tissue loss syndrome (PorTLS) was also important in driving regional differences but that relationship was less clear. These results highlight the importance of understanding disease ecology when interpreting patterns of disease occurrence. PorTrm is caused by a parasitic flatworm that utilizes multiple hosts during its life cycle (fish, mollusk and coral). All three hosts must be present for the disease to occur and higher host abundance leads to higher disease prevalence. Thus, a high prevalence of PorTrm on Hawaiian reefs would be an indicator of a healthy coral reef ecosystem. In contrast, the high occurrence of PorGAs within the MHI suggests that PorGAs are related, directly or indirectly, to some environmental co-factor associated with increased human population sizes. Focusing on the three indicator diseases (PorGAs, PorTrm, PorTLS) we used statistical modeling to examine the underlying associations between disease prevalence and 14 different predictor variables (biotic and abiotic). All three diseases showed positive associations with host abundance and negative associations with thermal stress. The association with human population density differed among disease states with PorGAs showing a positive and PorTrm showing a negative association, but no significant explanatory power was offered for PorTLS

«Dis! Raconte moi mon histoire» Quel devenir pour les enfants seuls survivants d’une famille victime de l’infection par le VIH?

L’irruption du VlH dans le champ pédiatrique a bouleversé la vie et l’avenir d’une famille. La mère, un des enfants, parfois le père, livrent un combat sans merci, contre la maladie, la discrimination, l’isolement, le secret, la souffrance, la peur de la mort. Face à ce séisme, l’auteur s’est demandé ce que ressentent, deviennent les enfants non infectés qui se retrouvent seuls survivants. Ë travers deux destins d’un frère indemne et d’une soeur en phase terminale du SIDA, l’auteur tente de montrer leur sort tragique. Comment survivent-ils à cette hécatombe? Comment se fait ou non le travail de deuil? Quel souvenir gardent-ils ou sont-ils autorisés à garder de leur mère, de leur père? Quelle histoire construiront-ils? Qu’en est-il de la culpabilité? Autant de questions pour lesquelles il n’y a pas toujours de réponse.A erupção do HIV no campo pediátrico transforma a vida e o futuro de uma família. A mãe, uma das crianças, por vezes o pai, travam um combate sem piedade, contra a doença, a descriminação, o isolamento, o segredo, o sofrimento, o medo da morte. Face a este sismo, a autora questiona-se sobre o que vem a ser destas crianças não infectadas que se encontram como os únicos sobreviventes. Através de dois destinos de um irmão doente e duma irmã em fase terminal a autora tenta mostrar a sua sorte trágica. Como é que elas sobrevivem a esta hecatombe? Como é que se faz, ou não, o trabalho de luto? Que lembranças guardam ou são autorizadas a guardar da mãe e do pai? Que historia construirão? Onde para a culpabilidade? Tantas questões para as quais nem sempre há resposta.The eruption of HIV in the pediatric domain transformed the life and the future of a family. The mother, one of the children, sometimes the father, fight desperately against the disease, the discrimination, the isolation, the secrecy, the suffering, the fear of death. Analysing this human earthquake, the author discusses what may become of the non-infected children who find themselves as sole survivors. Through the opposing destinies of a healthy brother and a sister terminally ill with AIDS, the author attempts to show the tragic fate of this family. How do they survive this catastrophe? How is the mourning labour lived, or not lived? What memories do they or may they keep of their mother and their father? What story may they build? Where is guilt? Many questions for which there isn’t always an answer.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Le psychologue entre l'idéal institutionnel et la réalité hospitalière

Weil-Halpern Françoise, Rapoport Danielle. Le psychologue entre l'idéal institutionnel et la réalité hospitalière. In: Bulletin de psychologie, tome 32 n°339, 1979. Psychologie clinique III. pp. 155-158

Le développement des jeunes enfants élevés en enceinte étanche stérile : problèmes psychologiques et relation parentale

International audienc